scholarly journals The Impact of Research and Development on Productivity: Case of Turkey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muammer Tekeoğlu ◽  
Neşe Algan ◽  
Erhan İşcan ◽  
Duygu Serin Oktay
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Development Spending ◽  
The Impact

Productivity is one of the major research topics in economic literature because of the importance of sustainable development and growth for the countries. Besides, many of the theories stated that technology is the major source of productivity growth in the long run. Especially the productivity acceleration of the countries draw the attention of the researchers after the 90’s due to the changes in the technology. Also, these changes expanded the productivity gap between countries in the consequences of changing growth pattern and increasing the size and structure of the economy. Therefore understanding the linkage between research and development and productivity becomes the most important research topic in the economic literature. Due to this importance analyzing the characteristics of productivity become an important issue for the policymakers for setting new policies. By virtue of the growing importance of understanding productivity changes of countries, the aim of this paper is to investigate the interaction between the research and development spending and productivity for Turkey. We used various types of research and development spending and productivity indicators to estimate this linkage using data for the last three decades. The importance of this paper is to clarify the effect of research and development impact on the productivity of Turkey. The results of this paper will enlighten the details of the underlying variables that affect productivity.

THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT ON AGRICULTURAL SECTOR PERFOMANCE IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-57
Author(s):  
John Githii Kimani ◽  
Dr. George Ruigu Ruigu
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
Parsimonious Model ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of research and development investment/expenditure on the agricultural sector performance in Kenya.Methodology: The study took the peoples impact assessment direction. The data for this study was collected from various government agencies such as KARI, ASTI, Kenya Agricultural Sector Data compendium website, FAOSTAT, World Bank among others. Co-integration and error correction modeling methods were used in analyzing the data for this study.Results: Co-integration results for both the parsimonious and non-parsimonious model indicated that that there is a long-run relationship among the variables in the agriculture performance in Kenya. Further, findings in this study indicated that the variables under study were insignificant determinants of the long run Total Factor Productivity of the agricultural sector.  Meanwhile, Trade openness was the only significant determinant of the short run agricultural Total Factor Productivity.Unique Contribution to Policy and Practice: This study recommends the institutionalization of policies aimed at ensuring interaction between the various stakeholders in the agricultural sectors. This interaction will ensure that resources are better allocated to reduce duplication of research and dissemination activities. In addition, greater collaboration among the stakeholders will promote and strengthen the connection between research, policy and the application of research findings. The study further advocates that the government should follow a trade liberazation oriented approach to the agricultural sector as opposed to a trade tightening approach.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

1996 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 267-285
Author(s):  
FRANCIS W. RUSHING ◽  
MARK A. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Intellectual Property Protection ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact

This paper brings together the importance of intellectual property protection (IPP) and entrepreneurship in economic growth. The paper surveys the economic literature on what factors are important to growth. The focus is on recent models of endogenous growth which reflect on the role of investment, technological change and education. Secondly, publications, which measure the impact of IPP on some of the growth elements identified are reviewed. The third section deals with IPP and the entrepreneur as an important agent and facilitator of growth. It discusses the nature of IPP as an incentive in not only stimulating the development of new technologies and processes but also the dissemination of existing technologies. Using the surveys as background, short case studies for India and Brazil are presented on IPP as a stimulus and application of research and development. The last section summarizes the previous sections and draws some conclusions with respect to policy.

The Effect of Hydroelectricity Consumption on Environmental Degradation – The Case of South America region

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Koengkan ◽  
Luciano Dias Losekann ◽  
José Alberto Fuinhas ◽  
António Cardoso Marques
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Long Run ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
New Policies ◽  
The Impact

This article analyses the impact of hydroelectricity consumption on environmental degradation (CO2 emissions) in seven South American countries, in a period from 1966 to 2015. The Unrestricted Error Correction Model (UECM) form of the Auto-regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) was utilized. The initial tests prove the presence of heteroskedasticity, cross sectional independence, and first-order autocorrelation. The results show that the consumption of hydroelectricity causes a reduction of -0.0465 in environmental degradation in the short run, and increase 0.0593 in the long-run. This empirical evidence could encourage the creation of new policies, which introduce new energy technologies that release zero carbon in the energy matrix.

scholarly journals DAMPAK BELANJA NEGARA TERHADAP TINGKAT KEGIATAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

Media Ekonomi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Christine Tambunan ◽  
Jakaria Amin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Budget Expenditure

<em>This study is to examine and to analyze the impact of State Budget Expenditure on the Level of Economic Activity in Indonesia. <em>Using the Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) method. And using data from 2008-2017. <em>The result of this empirical study is that in the long run, state budget expenditure, consisting of Employee Expenditure, Special Allocation Fund (DAK) and General Allocation Fund (DAU,) has a significant positive effect on Level of Economic Activity. On the contrary, Capital Expenditure has a significant negative impact on growth. While Goods Expenditure shows a negative effect, though it was not statistically significant.</em></em></em>

scholarly journals The impact of bank credits on non-oil GDP: evidence from Azerbaijan

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriyar Mukhtarov ◽  
Sugra Humbatova ◽  
İlgar Seyfullayev
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Integration Methods ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores the relationship between bank credits, exchange rate and non-oil GDP in Azerbaijan, utilizing FMOLS, CCR and DOLS co-integration methods to the data spanning from January 2005 to January 2019. The results from the different co-integration methods are consistent with each other and approve the presence of a long-run relationship among the variables. Estimation results reveal that there is a positive and statistically significant impact of bank credits and exchange rate on the non-oil GDP in the long run for the Azerbaijani case which are in line with the expectations and with the theoretical findings discussed in theoretical framework section. This finding also indicates that a 1% increase in credit and real exchange rate increases non-oil GDP by 0.51% and 0.56%, respectively. The results of this paper are useful for the policymakers and promote the economic literature for further researches in the case of oil-rich countries.

scholarly journals Policy, Institutions and Non-Oil Exports: Evidence from Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Martins Iyoboyi ◽  
Abdelrasaq Na-Allah
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Oil Exports ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

<p>In this paper, the impact of policy and institutions on non-oil exports in Nigeria is investigated, using data from secondary sources for the period 1961-2012, and implemented through the autoregressive distributed lag framework. Non-oil exports were found to have a long-run equilibrium relationship with policy and institutional variables. Money supply and exchange rate were found to be positively associated with and statistically significant determinants of non-oil exports in the long and short run. Fiscal deficit, interest rate, ‘constraints on the executive’ and openness were found to be inversely related to non-oil exports in both the short and long run. While inflation was found to be negatively related to non-oil exports in the short run, it is the reverse in the long run. An enhanced political institutional framework is required, that is attuned to growth in the non-oil sector of the economy, as a mechanism for improving the country’s non-oil exports.</p>

scholarly journals Wells, Water, and Welfare: The Impact of Access to Groundwater on Rural Poverty and Conflict

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheetal Sekhri
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper evaluates the impact of access to groundwater on poverty using data from rural India. The estimation exploits the fact that the technology required to access groundwater changes exogenously due to constraints imposed by laws of physics at a depth of eight meters. I find that rural poverty in areas where depth from surface is below the cutoff is 9 to10 percent higher. Using survey data for a subsample of villages, I also show that disputes over irrigation water increase by 25 percent around the cutoff. Historical endowments of groundwater facilitate adoption of yield enhancing technologies over the long-run. (JEL D74, I32, O13, O15, O18, Q15, Q16)

scholarly journals Does Innovation Explain the Skewness of Stock Returns?

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-31
Author(s):  
Ahmed Baig ◽  
Hassan Anjum Butt ◽  
Abrar Fitwi ◽  
Joey Smith
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Stock Return ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Development Expenditure ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of firm-level innovation on the skewness of stock returns. Using data on a broad sample of equities from the major US stock exchanges, we find that innovative companies exhibit strong positive skewness. Our results are robust to both input and output measures of innovation as we find that increases in both firm-level research and development expenditure (R&D), as well as the number of patents, are positively associated with future stock return skewness. Our results hold using both systematic and idiosyncratic measures of skewness while controlling for various stock characteristics, time, and industry-fixed effects.

scholarly journals Impact of economic growth on international reserve holdings in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD KASHIF ◽  
P. SRIDHARAN ◽  
S. THIYAGARAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Correction Term ◽  
International Reserves ◽  
Speed Of Adjustment ◽  
Error Correction Term ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT This study investigated the impact of economic growth on Brazilian international reserves holdings in the context of Error Correction Mechanism using data over the 1980-2014 period. The results reveal that economic growth is highly significant. From the estimation of our model, we argue that economic growth and international reserves have positive long run relationship. Error correction estimates validated our model for error correction term is negative and statistically significant. Besides, our model suggested that economic growth has short run relationship too. The speed of adjustment is more than 40% which indicated that error correction term corrects previous year disequilibrium at the rate of 40.4%.

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