scholarly journals Common Formal Education Proposal in Preventing Immigration for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfiye Özdemir ◽  
Orhan Polat
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
State Schools ◽  
Rural Part

This study was conducted to determine the effect of training in the prevention of migration as an obstacle for sustainable rural development. In this context, the causes of migration from rural areas to the cities were investigated and evaluated the educational status of people living in the villages. For this purpose, research has been implemented in rural part of Turkey’s Central Anatolia, Mediterranean and Black regions. Research data were collected by applying a questionnaire to the region inhabitants. A total of 123 questionnaires were evaluated. On statistical analysis, Cronbach's alpha value was found to be .833. Consequently, accessed findings are: 1) People living in region have low educational levels. 2) None of the participants had received any training related to agriculture in high school. 3) The proportion of participants receiving vocational training in related to agriculture, except for state schools is low. 4) Lack of education is one of the important reasons of the migration from rural to urban areas. 5) If enough agricultural education is given to region habitants, natural resources to ensure the survival of future generations are protected.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic determinants of anaemia in preschool children in Uttar Pradesh: evidence from NFHS-4 survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4461
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Bal Kishan Gulati ◽  
Damodar Sahu ◽  
Varsha Ranjan ◽  
M. V. Vardhana Rao
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Determinants ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: In India, 89 million preschool children (6-59 months) suffer from anaemia. As per NFHS-4, the prevalence of anaemia in Uttar Pradesh was 63.2%. A study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of anaemia among preschool children and to examine rural-urban differentials and association of socioeconomic determinants with anaemia. The secondary data of the National Family Health Survey-4 conducted in the year 2015-16 was used.Methods: The prevalence of anaemia was calculated and chi-square test and binary logistic regression was carried out to identify the association between anaemia status and socioeconomic factors.Results: Results show that 78% and 77% children in 12-23 months age group were anaemic in urban and rural areas respectively. Around 72% and 65% children whose mothers had no formal education were anaemic in urban and rural areas respectively. Around 73% of children belonging to poorest wealth index in urban areas and 64% belonging to poorer wealth index in rural areas were anaemic. Around 70% children whose mothers had anaemia were anaemic in both urban and rural areas of the state.Conclusions: The association between anaemia in preschool children and different socioeconomic variables was profound.  Educational status of mother and anaemia in mothers have a significant role in reduction of anaemia.  The socioeconomic conditions of households, education level of mothers and their anaemia status need to be improved to reduce anaemia in preschool children in Uttar Pradesh and it requires immediate attention of planners and policy makers.

scholarly journals A Research and Determination of the Effective Elements in the Prevention of Migration from the Village to the City for Sustainable Rural Development i

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfiye Özdemir ◽  
Orhan Polat ◽  
Gamze Seyitoğlu ◽  
Sevde Çiçekli
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

In today's Turkey, rapid technological changes and developments at global level has increased to migration from village to urban areas. Sustainable rural development (SRD) means that future generations can meet their needs in a settlement that is less than a population of 20,000, so that past generations can’t complain about them. For sustainable rural development, it is important to prevent rural migration and to present labour, production, marketing and living opportunities in rural areas. In this context, the study was conducted in order to investigate the causes of migration from the village to the city, to take the necessary precautions and to make suggestions for the SRD. For this purpose, the research has been applied to farmers in selected villages in Central Anatolia, Black Sea, Aegean, Marmara, Mediterranean and Eastern Anatolia Regions in Turkey with face to face discussions and 141 questionnaires have already been collected. It was found that Cronbach Alpha was found to be quite reliable as the result of the analysis with a scale value of 0.785. Reasons for migration as a result of factor analysis can be classified as: 1) Migration due to education, 2) Migrations based on physical infrastructure. Numerous independent variables considered to be effective on these problems were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. As a result, it has been determined that many factors, mainly demographic qualities, are effective on migrations based on both education and physical infrastructure.

scholarly journals Are Female Leaders Good for Education? Evidence from India

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Clots-Figueras
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
The Political ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Unique Dataset

This paper shows that the gender of politicians affects the educational levels of individuals who grow up in the districts where these politicians are elected. A unique dataset collected on politicians in India is matched with individual data by cohort and district of residence. The political data allow the identification of close elections between women and men, which yield quasi-experimental election outcomes used to estimate the causal effect of the gender of politicians. Increasing female political representation increases the probability that an individual will attain primary education in urban areas, but not in rural areas, and not in the sample as a whole. (JEL D72, I20, J16, 015, 017)

scholarly journals Determinants of Under-Five Child Mortality in Arab Countries. Are the Effects Homogeneous Across Birth Order and Among Countries?

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Chellai Fatih
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Under-five-child mortality remains a major challenge for governments in the Arab world to achieve Sustainable Development Goals. Thus, further studies are needed to analyze the determinants of child mortality. The Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys (MICS) datasets of six Arab countries (Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Mauritania, Sudan, and Tunisia) have been used, which are consisting of 249.000 children nested within 54.644 mothers. The study was designed in a women-parity-covered one to six birth order. Binary multivariable logistic models were used to estimate the risk ratios of death by adjusting for child sex, birth outcome (twin vs. singleton), mother’s education level, maternal age, previous birth interval, place of residence (rural vs. urban), and the family wealth index. The findings revealed that the under-five child mortality rates were 87, 70,66,35,36, and 21 per 1000 live births in Sudan, Mauritania, Egypt, Iraq, Algeria, and Tunisia, respectively). First-born infants in these six countries have a higher risk of mortality during their five years of life. Second, third-and fourth-born infants were at a decreased risk of death compared to first-born infants in all countries; in contrast, fifth-and-sixth-born infants were at an increased risk in all countries except Sudan and Mauritania. Twin children have a higher risk of death than singletons in all countries and across all birth orders. Children of mothers with higher educational levels living in urban areas are at lower risk of death than their peers across all birth orders. Regarding policy implications, decision-makers can target three main axes: first, enhancing women’s educational levels; second, increasing birth intervals (birth spacing policies); and third, improving living standards and healthcare strategies, especially in rural areas to improve child and mother health.

Inclusive Development through Municipal Governance: Issues and Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Inderjeet Singh Sodhi ◽  
Ashish Jha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Contemporary Development

Since decades the debate is going on about development where social, economic, cultural political etc. In recent years, there has been a growing call for “inclusive development” to meet contemporary development needs and challenges. It is argued that although economic growth is necessary, but it is not sufficient on its own in improving the welfare of a population. The time demands for such a development approach which can ensure that benefits of growth are shared equitably across all parts of society, particularly large groups of vulnerable poor populations. In Indian context inclusion and exclusion have multiple dimensions as the country has lot of heterogeneity and diversity in terms of many things it may culture, language, beliefs, geographical location, educational status, caste, religion, creed, races etc. So, it is very common that the level or depth of inclusion and exclusion also differs in larger sense for example a large portion of Indian population living in rural areas and rest living in urban areas and apart from that there are some areas comes under union territories, autonomous council, tribal areas etc. Keeping in view, of this dynamics, each area people has different needs and concerns and their visualization and expectation of inclusion and exclusion also differs. Therefore, each area has different system of governance structure at local level as it has very important role to cater the needs and concerns of people. In this context, the research study explores the role and efficacy of municipal governments in ensuring inclusive development. The paper also highlights the major issues in the process and put forward suggestions.

The nexus between poverty and socio-economic characteristics of the household and household head: Evidence from Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Abu Bakarr Turay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Extreme Poverty

Household poverty is widespread in Sierra Leone, affecting about 6 out of every 10 persons, which calls for urgent policy action. This study used the 2018 Sierra Leone Integrated Household Survey (2018 SLIHS) and a logistic model to analyze the influence of socio-economic characteristics of the household and household head on poverty. The analysis has shown that living in rural areas, having no formal education, or being unemployed, significantly increases the probability of a household being in extreme poverty. Other factors contributing to household extreme poverty status were: have a large household size with many children below 10 years, being separated from a spouse (widowed or divorced), being disabled, and working in the agriculture sector. On the other hand, the characteristics that decrease the probability of a household being poor include being a female household head, having at least secondary school education (notably tertiary education), residing in urban areas or cities, working in the services sector, and being single or married. Therefore, enhancing service delivery through a viable decentralization process, and supporting easily accessible quality education programmes, especially tertiary education, are critical for meaningful poverty reduction across all sections of the population. Keywords: Poverty, household, socio-economic characteristics, logistics model.

scholarly journals Living Labs for Rural Areas: Contextualization of Living Lab Frameworks, Concepts and Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Zavratnik ◽  
Argene Superina ◽  
Emilija Stojmenova Duh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
Living Labs

Living Labs are spaces for innovative and participative research, development and activities that use multidisciplinary approaches and promote the co-creation paradigm. Our specific interest lies in exploring the value of the Living Lab concept for creating environments that enable equal opportunities for people living in rural and urban areas, and for making rural areas attractive places to live. Moreover, through the existing practices and research results available, Living Labs are seen as one of the important building blocks of smart rural development and an important step towards establishing a Smart Village environment. Living Labs are a valuable player in enhancing circular economy, digital transformation, local self-sufficiency and other elements of sustainable living. The main aim of this paper is therefore to put Living Labs in the context of rural areas and evaluate their possible contributions for sustainable rural development. This paper argues that the element of community and social change should be considered as a key element in enabling sustainable living.

scholarly journals The role of agricultural engineers in sustainable rural development in SEE (South Eastern Europe) countries

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
K.O. Sindir ◽  
M. Martinov ◽  
S. Skaljic ◽  
M. Djevic ◽  
S. Oztekin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Eastern Europe

Rural areas, especially in developing countries, are facing with numerous social, economical, cultural and environmental problems. In the most cases there is a growing concern because only very few farmers or inhabitants are able to follow contemporary, sustainable and environment-friendly methods in farming systems. The consequences of this are numerous, such as: poverty, significant migration to urban areas and unplanned suburban settlements. This has a significant impact on the national economy, demography, and environment. The Association of Agricultural Engineering in South Eastern Europe (AESEE), recently have dealt with these significant problems of the rural communities of their region and herewith emphasized the role of agricultural engineers in overcoming the problems and providing applicable solutions for a sustainable rural development.

scholarly journals Micro-Finance for Women Empowerment: A Rural-Urban Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Saiful Islam ◽  
Tarikul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Status Of Women

This paper examined the micro-finance services towards empowerment of unprivileged women in the southwestern part of Bangladesh. A sample of 300 low profile unprivileged micro-finance service receiving women equally from rural and urban areas of Khulna district were surveyed during May, 2018. Data were collected on the usage and effectiveness of micro-finance services and were analyzed using STATA 12. Multiple regression model and descriptive statistics were used to interpret data. Economic empowerment, social empowerment, interpersonal empowerment and political empowerment were considered to measure women empowerment. The study found that proper use of microcredit, marital status of women, educational status of women and their husbands, personal income and their position in the family were the main determinants of women empowerment. Women empowerment score remained higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The availability of micro-finance services improved the status of unprivileged low profile suburban women in terms of income generation, saving mobilization, the creation of household assets and overall poverty reduction of rural women. Thus, microfinance has been a useful tool for women empowerment and economic development in both areas but more effective in urban areas. 

scholarly journals HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
N. Hryshchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Personnel Policy ◽  
Consulting Services ◽  
Managerial Decisions

In the conditions of financial and economic crisis the problem of formation of human potential for sustainable development of rural areas arises with special urgency. The personnel problem is faced not only by farms in crisis, but also by economically stable agricultural organizations with efficient dynamics of reproduction, high profitability and competitive positions. Carrying out an active personnel policy requires the development of an appropriate management strategy, the definition of specific organizational and managerial decisions, the implementation of which should lead to the improvement of all work on the staffing of the agro-industrial complex. The use of personnel technologies contributes to the optimal solution of strategic and current issues of personnel policy, the formation of a competitive professional qualification structure, the identification of promising employees. Monitoring of personnel processes allows tracking trends, modeling and forecasting personnel situations in order to take the necessary measures in a timely manner. This requires a radical overhaul of existing statistical reporting on personnel, which will create the necessary database for the creation and implementation of flexible personnel policy and the adoption of sound management decisions on human resources in the industry. It is necessary to develop at all levels of management long-term programs of staffing of agriculture, taking into account its diversity. The priority of the governing bodies of the agro-industrial complex, agricultural education institutions is to improve the structure and quality of training, implementation of measures for their consolidation in specialized organizations and effective use of the received specialty. Solving personnel problems of multifaceted agriculture requires increasing the role of information and consulting services of the agro-industrial complex in non-formal education of staff and villagers, to expand the network of relevant services on the basis of educational institutions and research institutions. To solve the existing problem, it is necessary to organize a single professional and competence approach in the training of new generation of managers, which are necessary in connection with the introduction of innovative technologies in agricultural production.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document