scholarly journals A Summary of the Developments Regarding the Economic Regime Implemented in Developed and Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlen Hiç
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Regime

Since the developments regarding the economic regime in developed countries follow a different path as opposed to those in developing countries, in this article, these two groups of countries will be examined separately. Priority will be given to investigating the economic regime in developed countries due to historical and theoretical reasons. Today, both in developed and developing countries the economic activities basically are taken up by the private sector; nevertheless the government contributes to these activities through intervention, guidance, protectionism, and investment. Still the level of government intervention, protection and public investments in developed countries appears to be at the minimum. The role of government in developing countries, on the other hand, seems to be more significant; the gravity of the government’s role depends on the degree of development for the countries concerned. In the countries where the level of development is low, the role of government increases, that is to say, the improvement in development decreases the role government.

Role of government towards adoption of cleaner technologies for climate proactivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santanu Kumar Satapathy ◽  
Shirish Sangle ◽  
Seema Unnikrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Cleaner Technologies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose There is a need for considerable attention on the adoption of cleaner technologies (CT) by firms for climate proactivity for developing countries such as India. Literature survey suggests that government, market and civil society are the key drivers of CT adoption (CTA) in developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating and moderating role of the government in CTA for climate proactivity. Design/methodology/approach The data collected from a survey of Indian firms were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis to examine the mediating and moderating role of the government. Findings The empirical outcome was compared with the current government policies to summarize the research findings. Research limitations/implications There is scope of future research to examine the moderating and mediating role of market and civil society in CTA for climate proactivity. Practical implications The study will provide significant insight into various stakeholders associated with the CTA such as government, technology manufacturers, marketing community, environmental professionals and associated researchers. The research model will be useful for policymakers, managers and researchers for understanding CTA in the Indian context. Social implications The output model will be useful for the government to formulate forward-looking strategies toward the adoption of CT by industries for climate proactivity. Originality/value Unlike previous studies in which the government was recognized as a key driver of CTA, this study makes an attempt to test the moderating/mediating role of government in CTA in India. The findings of the study are supported by adequate empirical evidence.

scholarly journals National approaches towards implementation of artificial intelligence: Singapore’s experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
Ella Gorian
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
The Government

The object of this research is the relations in the area of implementation of artificial intelligence technologies. The subject of this research is the normative documents of Singapore that establish requirements towards development and application of artificial intelligence technologies. The article determines the peculiarities of Singaporean approach towards regulation of relations in the indicated sphere. Characteristic is given to the national initiative and circle of actors involved in the development and realization of normative provisions with regards to implementation of digital technologies. The author explores the aspects of private public partnership, defines the role of government in regulation of relation, as well as gives special attention to the question of ensuring personal data protection used by the artificial intelligence technologies. Positive practices that can be utilized in Russian strategy for the development of artificial intelligence are described. Singapore applies the self-regulation approach towards the processes of implementation of artificial intelligence technologies, defining the backbone role of the government, establishing common goals, and involving representative of private sector and general public. Moreover, the government acts as the guarantor of meeting the interests of private sector by creating an attractive investment regime and citizens, setting strict requirements with regards to data usage and control over the artificial intelligence technologies. A distinguishing feature of Singaporean approach consists in determination of the priority sectors of economy and instruments of ensuring systematicity in implementation of artificial intelligence. Singapore efficiently uses its demographic and economic peculiarities for proliferation of the technologies of artificial intelligence in Asian Region; the developed and successfully tested on the national level model of artificial intelligence management received worldwide recognition and application. Turning Singapore into the international center of artificial intelligence is also instigated by the improvement of legal regime with simultaneous facilitation in the sphere of intellectual property. These specificities should be taken into account by the Russian authors of national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence.

scholarly journals KEWENANGAN DAN PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN KOMEPETISI SEPAK BOLA DI INDONESIA (THE AUTHORITY AND ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN THE ORGANIZING OF FOOTBALL COMPETITION IN INDONESIA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zulhidayat
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Sports Activities

Pada 30 Mei 2015, FIFA sebagai induk tertinggi dari organisasi sepakbola internasional menjatuhkan sanksi kepada PSSI. Ini terjadi karena FIFA menilai adanya intervensi oleh pemerintah melalui Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga. Statuta FIFA pasal 13 dan 17 memperjelas bahwa ia menolak segala bentuk intervensi oleh pemerintah, politisi, media, atau pihak ketiga lainnya. Di sisi lain, Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga juga diberi wewenang oleh hukum untuk mengatur kegiatan olahraga secara umum dalam lingkup Negara Indonesia. Permasalahan yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: Pertama, apa wewenang dan peran pemerintah dalam menyelenggarakan olahraga sepakbola profesional di Indonesia? Kedua, bagaimana penerapan kompetisi sepakbola di Indonesia dengan adanya Pembekuan PSSI? . Metode penelitian dalam penulisan ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Pemerintah tidak memiliki wewenang untuk campur tangan dan ikut campur dalam menyelenggarakan kompetisi sepakbola profesional di Indonesia. Sementara itu, dengan pembekuan PSSI ini, otomatis menghentikan liga karena PSSI tidak dapat melakukan tugas dan fungsi untuk mengadakan kompetisi sepakbola profesional di Indonesia. Saran penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah Pemerintah harus optimal dalam memberikan layanan dan kenyamanan kepada PSSI dan PSSI harus transparan dalam menyelenggarakan kompetisi sepakbola profesional di Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Kewenangan, Pemerintah, PSSI AbstractOn May 30, 2015, FIFA as the supreme parent of international football  organizations imposed sanctions on the PSSI. This happens because FIFA assess the existence of intervention by the government through the Ministry of Youth and Sports. The FIFA Statutes chapters 13 and 17 make it clear that it rejects any form of intervention by governments, politicians, media, or other third parties. On the other hand, the Ministry of Youth and Sports is also authorized by law to regulate sports activities generally within the scope of the State of Indonesia. The problems to be studied in this research are as follows: Firstly, what is the authority and role of the government in organizing professional football sport in Indonesia ?, Secondly, how is the implementation of football  competition in Indonesia with the existence of PSSI Freezing ?. Research Methods in this paper using the method of normative juridical. The conclusion of this research is that the Government does not have the authority to intervene and interfere in organizing professional football  competition in Indonesia. Meanwhile, with the freezing of this PSSI, automatically stop the league because PSSI can not perform the duties and functions to hold a professional football competition in Indonesia. The author's suggestion in this research is the Government must be optimal in providing services and convenience to PSSI and PSSI must be transparent in organizing professional football competition in Indonesia.Keywords: Authority, Government, PSSI

Industrialization and Trade Policies in the 1970s

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
The Development Strategy

In the chapter, Haq again assuming the role of an advocate of the developing world, spells out various trade policy options for less developed countries—inward looking strategy, outward looking strategy, and regional and sub-regional co-operation. Haq raises questions about the presumed relationship between trade and development and clarifies that trade should not be regarded as the pacesetter in the development strategy for a country but merely as a derivative. Trade strategies, according to Haq, should be embedded in the context of an overall development strategy, not the other way around. He urged developing countries to first define a viable strategy for attacking problems of poverty and inequality and then figuring out trade possibilities geared towards meeting these goals.

scholarly journals Clubs, Coase, and the Role of Government

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
James Roumasset
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Common Pool Resources ◽  
Coase Theorem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Comparative Institutional Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Comparative Institutions

As Ronald Coase and others have shown, deducing the appropriate role of the government in the economy requires a comparative institutions approach. Trying to generalize from oversimplified specifications regarding transaction costs, according to whether exclusion is possible or not, is a futile exercise. An alternative to the Ostrom matrix is to distinguish private, club, and collective consumption goods according to their technical characteristics, specifically their degree of congestabiilty. The other box of the Ostrom matrix, “common pool” resources, can also be usefully analyzed from a club perspective. Spillover goods are spatial clubs. Lastly, a version of the Coase theorem is offered, which provides the foundation of comparative institutional analysis.

Remittance and poverty in developing countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tajul Ariffin Masron ◽  
Yogeeswari Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Dynamic Panel Estimator ◽  
Household Incomes

Purpose Remittances to developing countries, especially less developed countries, have been growing tremendously as compared to the past few decades. Nevertheless, whether they can be a critical source of poverty alleviation in developing countries is yet to be conclusively studied. Therefore, this study investigates the implications of remittances on poverty in 44 developing countries from 2006 to 2014. Design/methodology/approach A dynamic panel estimator is applied to examine remittances – poverty nexus. Findings The results provide strong evidence that the level of poverty tends to be lower in countries with a higher flow of remittances. This may be because of the increase in the household incomes of the poor by virtue of the remittance, and/or the money remitted might be channeled to more productive activities, indicating the powerful role of remittances to maintain a sustainable reduction in poverty. Originality/value Although there is no direct policy applicable to remittances, several areas might be good to be assisted and improved by the government.

Formation Mechanism of Chinese College Debts Based on Dynamic Game

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 686-691
Author(s):  
Hai Shu Qiao ◽  
Qin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
The Other ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government

In the last ten years, Chinese colleges have undertaken heavy debts. The formation of college-bank loans is the outcome of dynamic game among the college, the bank and the government. Based on the research of institutional changes about college-bank loans, this paper analyzes the role of institution played at the three-stage from 1999 to now. It is the role of government in this triangle game that determines the development of college-bank debts. Due to the lack of institution supply on colleges’ loans, which should be supplied by the government, the other parties in this game named colleges and banks are set in the plight. At last, Friendly institution should be created for college-bank loans in case of the repeat of that plight.

scholarly journals Clubs, Coase, and the role of government

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
James Roumasset
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Common Pool Resources ◽  
Coase Theorem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Comparative Institutional Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Comparative Institutions

As Ronald Coase and others have shown, deducing the appropriate role of the government in the economy requires a comparative institutions approach. Trying to generalize from oversimplified specifications regarding transaction costs, according to whether exclusion is possible or not, is a futile exercise. An alternative to the Ostrom matrix is to distinguish private, club, and collective consumption goods according to their technical characteristics, specifically their degree of congestabiilty. The other box of the Ostrom matrix, “common pool” resources, can also be usefully analyzed from a club perspective. Spillover goods are spatial clubs. Lastly, a version of the Coase theorem is offered, which provides the foundation of comparative institutional analysis.

scholarly journals Study on the Role of Government in the Alliance of Industry, Education and Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Jia-qiang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrial Education ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Competition And Cooperation ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Government ◽  
Research Alliances ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Economic globalization has greatly promoted the development and integration of global industries and greatly intensified competition and cooperation among enterprises in various countries. On the basis of combing the practical characteristics of the industrial, education and research alliances in various developed countries, this paper makes a comprehensive study on the role that the government should play in the process of the industrial, education and research alliances in China, and puts forward that the government should flexibly use the means of finance, finance and taxation in the industrial, academic and research alliances and play a leading role.

Government Investment and Economic Growth in the Developing World (The Distinguishedl Lecture)

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4I) ◽  
pp. 419-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin S. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
The Government

There has been a sea change in the views of the economics profession as well as economic policy-makers over the past decade or so regarding the role of the government in the development process. Indeed, it is now becoming conventional wisdom that government can no longer be a dominant player in economic activities, but rather should restrict itself to providing an “enabling” environment within which the private sector can take the lead and flourish. More specifically, government intervention in the economy has to be designed carefully so as to support the private sector and not inhibit its development. The general acceptance of this paradigm is evident in the steadily declining importance of government activities in the economies of most of the developing world. But does this new paradigm mean that government investment has no role whatsoever in affecting growth in developing countries? Reality is that public investment still represents a large share of total investment in the majority of developing countries, and the question is what role it plays in relation to private investment in stimulating economic growth. The objective of this paper is to ascertain empirically for a large group of developing countries the relative importance of public and private investment in promoting and sustaining growth.

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