Brain glycogen decrease and central fatigue during prolonged exercise

2012 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Takashi Matsui ◽  
Hideaki Soya
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Central Fatigue ◽  
Brain Glycogen

scholarly journals Brain glycogen decreases during prolonged exercise

2011 ◽  
Vol 589 (13) ◽  
pp. 3383-3393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Matsui ◽  
Shingo Soya ◽  
Masahiro Okamoto ◽  
Yukio Ichitani ◽  
Kentaro Kawanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Brain Glycogen

Amino Acids and the Brain: Do They Play a Role in “Central Fatigue”?

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (s1) ◽  
pp. S37-S46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Meeusen ◽  
Phil Watson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Central Fatigue ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Plasma Concentration Ratio ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Exercise Induced

It is clear that the cause of fatigue is complex, infuenced by both events occurring in the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS). It has been suggested that exercise-induced changes in serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and noradrenaline (NA) concentrations contribute to the onset of fatigue during prolonged exercise. Serotonin has been linked to fatigue because of its documented role in sleep, feelings of lethargy and drowsiness, and loss of motivation, whereas increased DA and NA neurotransmission favors feelings of motivation, arousal, and reward. 5-HT has been shown to increase during acute exercise in running rats and to remain high at the point of fatigue. DA release is also elevated during exercise but appears to fall at exhaustion, a response that may be important in the fatigue process. The rates of 5-HT and DA/NA synthesis largely depend on the peripheral availability of the amino acids tryptophan (TRP) and tyrosine (TYR), with increased brain delivery increasing serotonergic and DA/NA activity, respectively. TRP, TYR, and the branched-chained amino acids (BCAAs) use the same transporter to pass through the blood-brain barrier, meaning that the plasma concentration ratio of these amino acids is thought to be a very important marker of neurotransmitter synthesis. Pharmacological manipulation of these neurotransmitter systems has provided support for an important role of the CNS in the development of fatigue. Work conducted over the last 20 y has focused on the possibility that manipulation of neurotransmitter precursors may delay the onset of fatigue. Although there is evidence that BCAA (to limit 5-HT synthesis) and TYR (to elevate brain DA/NA) ingestion can influence perceived exertion and some measures of mental performance, the results of several apparently well-controlled laboratory studies have yet to demonstrate a clear positive effect on exercise capacity or performance. There is good evidence that brain neurotransmitters can play a role in the development of fatigue during prolonged exercise, but nutritional manipulation of these systems through the provision of amino acids has proven largely unsuccessful.

Carbohydrates, Branched-Chain Amino Acids, and Endurances: The Central Fatigue Hypothesis

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (s1) ◽  
pp. S29-S38 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mark Davis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Central Fatigue ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced

The mechanisms of central fatigue are largely unexplored, but the central fatigue hypothesis suggests that increased brain serotonin (5-HT) can cause a deterioration in sport and exercise performance. There is now convincing evidence that exercise-induced increases in the plasma free tryptophan (f-TRP)/branched-chain amino acids (BCCA) ratio are associated with increased brain 5-HT and the onset of fatigue during prolonged exercise. Furthermore, when drugs are administered to alter brain 5-HT, they have the predicted effects on exercise performance. The influence of nutritional manipulations of f-TRP/BCCA on performance is less well established. The effects of BCCA supplementation on exercise performance are mixed, and the published studies often suffer from methodological flaws. Alternatively, dramatic reductions in f-TRP/BCCA and enhanced performance accompany carbohydrate feedings during prolonged exercise. However, it is difficult to distinguish between the effects of carbohydrate feedings on mechanisms that reside in the brain versus the muscles themselves.

scholarly journals Brain glycogen decreases during prolonged exercise

2011 ◽  
Vol 589 (13) ◽  
pp. 3383-3393 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Matsui ◽  
S. Soya ◽  
M. Okamoto ◽  
Y. Ichitani ◽  
K. Kawanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Brain Glycogen

The effect of the intake of cucumis sativus on the hormone of water control during the prolonged exercise

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
김대수 ◽  
JongHyuck Kim ◽  
Park Jin-Hong ◽  
Sang- Nam Nam
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Water Control

Changes in Arginase-Nitric Oxide Synthase System at Adaptation to Prolonged Exercise Training by Swimming in Adult and Aged Rat Hearts

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolii V. Kotsuruba ◽  
Yulia P. Korkach ◽  
Sergey O. Talanov ◽  
Olga V. Bazilyuk ◽  
Lyubov G. Stepanenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Aged Rat ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Oxide Synthase
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