القيم المساهمة في دعم الصمود الثقافي لدى جمهور المصريين منذ بداية الألفية: تحليل نتائج مسح القيم العالمي فى مصر من 2001 حتى 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (first) ◽  
pp. 18-47
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Cultural Resilience ◽  
Materialistic Values ◽  
Future Orientations

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على عوامل الصمود الثقافى لجمهور المصريين فى مواجهة فترات الأزمات المختلفة التى مروا بها منذ بدء الألفية. فبلغت عيِّنة البحث 8774 مفردة من الأفراد البالغين 18 سنة فيما أكثر. هذه العيِّنة تم جمعها في أربع موجات من مسح القيم تم تطبيقها في مصر أعوام 2001، 2013، 2016 و 2018 تباعا. واعتمد البحث على التحليل الوصفي، ثم القيام بتحليل الارتباط بين المتغيِّرات المستقلة (مثل أهمية الدين والأسرة فى حياه المصريين، ومدى احترامهم للسلطة التقليدية، والقيم المتبعة فى تربية أطفالهم، ودرجة الشعور بالتديُّن، والثقة في الأفراد والمؤسسات، إحساسهم بالسعادة والرضا، واتجاههم نحو المساواة بين الجنسين، وتوجههم نحو الديمقراطية كنظام للحكم، ومدى تأثُّرهم بالمادية وما بعد المادية، ونظرتهم إلى المستقبل)، والمتغيِّر التابع (التفاخر بالهوية الوطنية). وتم استخدام تحليل الانحدار للتعرُّف على العلاقة البينية بين المتغيِّرات المستقلة والمتغيِّر التابع. ولقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن معظم المتغيِّرات المستقلة لها علاقة ارتباط وتأثير دالة إحصائيا مع المتغيِّر التابع. وخلُص البحث إلى أن النسق الثقافي المصري ظل في حالة ثبات حتى في أعقاب فترات الأزمات، وأن الدين هو موجِّه رئيسى في حياة الأفراد الذين مازالوا يرتبطون بالقيم التقليدية في توجُّهات حياتهم، ومع ذلك هناك توجُّه إيجابي نحو الديمقراطية والتطوُّر التكنولوجي، يغلِّف ذلك شعورهم بالرضا والسعادة، الذي يعطيهم الإحساس بأنهم قادرون على التحكُّم في حياتهم والمرور من المحن. وهذا النسق يدافع عنه المصريون بالتمسك العالي بهويتهم الوطنية والإحساس دائما بالفخر. The present study attempts to investigate the factors associated with cultural resilience among the Egyptian public while grappling with various violences that confronted them since beginning of the Millennia. The study relied on a representative sample of 8774 adult population 18 years of age and older. These samples were collected in a series of four World Value Surveys’ waves conducted in Egypt during 2001, 2013, 2016, and 2018, respectively. The study utilized the descriptive analysis approach to describe the various variables followed by conducting an inter-correlation analysis between a set of independent variables reflecting violences value orientations (such as the importance of family and religion, respect for traditional authority, values related to the socialization of the children, trust of individuals and social institutions, happiness and satisfaction, attitudes towards gender equality, attitudes towards democracy as a mode of governance, orientations towards materialistic and post-materialistic values, future orientations) and the national identity pride as a dependent variable. The proposed variables were put to test to regression analysis to determine the causal relationships among the variables. The analysis revealed that the independent and the dependent variables showed statistically significant relationships reflecting a stable an Egyptian cultural system, even during difficult times, and that religion appears as the moving force in the lives of the individuals who continue to conform to traditional values. There is also a positive orientation towards democracy, technological development, and encompassing their feelings of satisfaction and happiness, and ability of self-control during difficulties. The culture is highly maintained by the Egyptians through their feelings of pride in their national identity

A Short Description of Pondok Pesantren

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan ◽  
Dewi Ratna Sari ◽  
Maryam Musfiroh ◽  
Rosa Amalia Iqony
Keyword(s):  
Young Men ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Individual Commitment

Pesantren or Pondok Pesantren are Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. As social institutions, pesantren have played a major role over the centuries. They emphasise cores values of sincerity, simplicity, individual autonomy, solidarity and self-control. Young men and women are separated from their families, which contributes to a sense of individual commitment to the faith and close bonding to a teacher.

Specificity of Value Orientations of Native Speakers of French and Russian and Their Representation in Proverbs (Based on Dictionaries)

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Nataliya Yu. Nelyubova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Common Features ◽  
French Culture ◽  
Subjective Factor

This paper presents a linguo-axiological analysis of French and Russian proverbs based on identifying value orientations and creating their hierarchy by studying the names and quantitative dominance of various thematic groups in authentic paroemiological dictionaries. Identification of value orientations allows us to reveal both common features of ethnic groups, which are of interest in the era of globalization and mutual influence of languages and cultures, and specific ones, contributing to the preservation of national identity. The novelty of this research compared to the author’s previous studies lies in the use of two additional lexicographic sources (one French and one Russian). The examined material of the four dictionaries includes more than 30,000 proverbial units. The analysis revealed the presence of a large number of common topics (which can occupy different positions in the value hierarchy of the ethnic groups under study) not only in dictionaries of the same language, but in all four sources. The names of the categories and their quantitative composition allow us to define French culture as individualist, while Russian culture, as collectivist. When constructing a hierarchy, it is important to turn to a larger number of dictionaries and identify common proverbial units in them to avoid the influence of the subjective factor, which is the case when naming and forming categories, as well as of the researcher’s individual approach to the proportion of category names to their corresponding values. The expanding vocabulary and studies on evaluativity in proverbs aiming to identify value and anti-value components within various topics can be used for further research.

scholarly journals Projects Financed by the European Union’s 6th and 7th Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development in the Andalusian Agrifood Sector. A Gender Perspective Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-252
Author(s):  
Rosario Gómez-Figueroa ◽  
Amelia Sanchís-Vidal ◽  
Luis Palma-Martos
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Equality Of Opportunities ◽  
Framework Programmes ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Perspective Analysis

Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development are the European Union’s key tool for financing research projects and initiatives. The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of research projects in the Andalusian agrifood sector that were financed by the 6th and 7th Framework Programmes from a gender perspective. Our methodology is based on the analysis of survey responses of the researchers who have participated in these projects. Using the data from their responses, we conduct a descriptive analysis from a cross-cutting gender perspective and also analyse the outcomes and results of each project. Our conclusions could serve as guidelines to improve the implementation of the Horizon 2020 Programme with regard to the equality of opportunities between men and women.

scholarly journals Changes in the system of students’ terminal and instrumental values under the influence of health and recreational physical activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
I. L. Kensytska ◽  
I.O. Olefirenko ◽  
I.V. Khrypko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Recreational Physical Activity ◽  
Instrumental Values

The article investigates the influence of health and recreational physical activity on terminal and instrumental values of higher education institutions students. The following research methods are used, including theoretical analysis of professional scientific and methodological resources by domestic and foreign authors, sociological, psychological and diagnostic, pedagogical research methods, methods of mathematical statistics. To determine the initial level of healthy lifestyle attitudes formation among students M. Rokych’s method of “Value Orientations” has been used. The research has been conducted on the basis of Kyiv National Linguistic University, National Pedagogical University named after M. P. Drahomanov. The study has involved 48 students (23 boys and 25 girls), who were part of the experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups (total of 24 people). The program of health-improving classes for students of higher education institutions has presupposed the use of various means of health-improving and recreational physical activities twice a week. The duration of classes was one and a half hours. Those that are most in demand among student youth were chosen as priorities. Among the young men these were strength exercises, elements of sport games and recreational games. Among the girls they included health fitness exercises. We have confirmed the feasibility and necessity of using innovative means of physical activity and forms of extracurricular activities in development of such programs that significantly increase the motivation of young people to participate in such programs. In the course of the research we have studied the hierarchy of terminal and instrumental values among young men and women who studied in higher educational institutions. The application of the developed program contributed to the students' awareness of “health” category value. Among EG students such instrumental values as education (depth of knowledge, high general culture), self- control (restraint, self-discipline) and rationalism (ability to think wisely and logically, to make thoughtful, rational decisions) have transferred to the first place. The obtained results prove that there are positive changes in the system of students’ terminal and instrumental values under the influence of health and recreational motor activity.

scholarly journals Transformations of the Food Practices in Modern Russia: the Institutional and Discursive Determinants

2014 ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
N. N. Zarubina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Food Practices ◽  
Economic Stratification ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Institutional Organization ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The One

The author analyzes the transformation of the Russian food practices and reveals their discursive and institutional determinants. Feeding practices go beyond the satisfaction of biological needs of human food. They include a range of habitual actions, structured by the rules that are not determined by the physiology and the economy as a system of food production, but social institutions, cultural values, traditions and dominant discourses. Dynamics of food plays practices inherent peculiarities of Russian modernization transformations, which consist in the inversion transition character diametrically opposite types of the institutional organization and value orientations. During the period of economic reforms of the 90-th years of the twentieth century, there was a sharp institutional transition from the Soviet system of distribution of the food to the market system. It turned out to shock for most of the population and led to a controversial change in food practices. On the one hand, the deficit of food disappeared, on the other hand due to the socio-economic stratification the inequality has increased. In addition, the food market was almost completely dominated by profit-oriented manufacturers and retailers, which gave rise to problems of quality and food safety. These problems led to the actualization and interpenetration of medikalized and environmental discourses which reflect a massive concern. The food market development has also led to the marketization and spektaklization of the food practices. This is reflected in the promotion of products through a system of symbols that appeal to irrational emotions, myths, habits and traditions. Diverse discourses of the food practices - medikalizationed, environmental, hedonistic and other discourses, appear as a show representing the various, sometimes conflicting, rules of everyday activities. The functionality of the spektaklization is that it maintains an interest in the field of nutrition as a cultural phenomenon; emphasizes its importance and value. The spektaklization of food is in line traceable to the post-Soviet period general trend of increasing attention to the daily life, transforming it from a repressed and insignificant in the scope of the object of attention and cultivation.

Meritocracy and its Enemies: Is There an Alternative to the “Tyranny of the Merit”?

2021 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Davydov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Technical Competencies ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Ideal

The article examines  the idea of meritocracy, now increasingly criticized. It is shown that the relevance of the discourse on meritocracy is due to the objectively increased role of education and various creative and technical talents in the context of rapid technological development. At the same time, critics rightly point out that meritocracy today has become largely a myth that plutocrats turn to justify their privileges, status and wealth. The very idea of a meritocracy that focuses exclusively on the technical competencies and abilities demanded by the neoliberal economy is also criticized. Many authors talk about the need to fairly reward and respect low-skilled workers, who often (especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic) bring more public benefit than highly educated financiers or bankers. Nevertheless, the article shows that this criticism is a hidden apology for meritocracy. In this case, critics justify deeper inequalities associated with long-term prospects and self-realization. It leads to cementing the “secondary” status of workers of the “hand” and “heart”, whose fate in the context of automation and the development of artificial intelligence technologies may turn out to be unenviable. In the author's opinion, the only alternative to this state of affairs is the rejection of meritocracy as a normative concept. It should be recognized as an inevitable evil associated with the imperfection of social institutions and, in part, human nature. Accordingly, the author contrasts the meritocratic pursuit of status and power with the ideal of universal striving for the maximum possible and, what is remarkable, all-round development and practical application of the talents of all without exception.

Cultural Heritage Preservation in a Modernizing Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-47
Author(s):  
Floribert Patrick C. Endong
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Cultural Factor ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Cultural Heritage Preservation

Cultural heritage preservation is a sine qua non for the effective technological, scientific, and economic development of nations across the world. This follows the theory stating that culture is life and that there is a cultural factor in technological development. In view of this truism, most African states and social institutions have these last years embarked on multifaceted tactics aimed at heritage conservation in their respective national territories. These preservation efforts have yielded only patchy fruits as they are confronted to the forces of modernism and globalization. Thus, modernism and globalization have continued to represent big threats to heritage preservation in many African countries. This chapter illustrates this thesis through a comparative study of cultural heritage management in Cameroon and Nigeria. The chapter begins by examining the extent to which heritage preservation is feasible in an era governed by modernism and globalization before exploring similarities and differences in the ways modernism and globalization affect heritage preservation in Nigeria and Cameroon.

scholarly journals VISIBILITY OF PROGRAMS AND SERVICES ON HOSPITAL WEBSITES: GERIATRICS COMPARED WITH OBSTETRICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S446-S446
Author(s):  
Brenda P Johnson ◽  
MyoungJin Kim ◽  
Emily E McMahon ◽  
Ali Mojadam
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Binary Matrix ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Sample Proportion ◽  
Specialized Services ◽  
Older Adult Population ◽  
Functional Areas

Abstract Hospitals increasingly use a digital platform to market their services as well as reflect the values and mission of the organization. As payment incentives and national initiatives grow for making hospitals more “age friendly” in both the quality and extent of specialized services for older adults, the visibility of these services on a digital platform is of interest. This exploratory, descriptive analysis of hospital websites was to illuminate the ease with which a consumer could identify that a hospital has specialized services in geriatrics as compared with obstetrics. A proportionate stratified random sampling based on the five geographical regions of the country was used to select 220 hospitals with 5% margin of error, 95% confidence interval and 50% sample proportion with no prior information from a population of over 600 hospitals known to have implemented at least one quality initiative specific to older adults (NICHE). A binary matrix was developed for collecting data related to the visibility of services in three main areas of hospital websites: 1) images and terms on the homepage 2) identification of programs in the “Services” function and 3) availability of the specialty in the “Search for Doctor” function. Data show that the frequency of all key words used to identify obstetrical services was greater than those used to describe geriatric services across all functional areas explored in this study. Implications are that hospital websites may be an underutilized resource for marketing services as well as accurately reflecting specialized services for the older adult population.

Reflections on the social epidemiologic dimension of health technology assessment

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arminée Kazanjian
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
The Social

Certain key parameters such as safety, efficacy, effectiveness, and cost effectiveness have long been established as key in HTA analysis. Equally important, however, are sociolegal and epidemiologic perspectives. A comprehensive analytic framework will consider the implications of using a technology in the context of societal norms, cultural values, and social institutions and relations. The methodology in which this expanded framework has been developed is termed ‘Strategic HTA’ to denote its power for the decision-making process. In addition to systematic reviews of published evidence, it incorporates analyses of the influence of dominant social relations on technological development and diffusion. This essay discusses the social epidemiologic aspects of health technology assessment, which includes factors such as sex and gender. It seeks to show how it is possible to bring data from wide-ranging disciplinary perspectives within the parameters of a single scientific inquiry; to draw from them scientifically defensible conclusions; and thereby to realize a deeper understanding of technology impact within a health care system. Armed with such an understanding, policy officials will be better prepared to resolve the competitive clamor of stakeholder voices, and to make the most “equitable” use of the available resources.

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