scholarly journals PEMBELAJARAN MODEL GAMBAR DAN SUGESTI IMAJINER TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI DAN SASTRA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Lili Sadeli
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Model ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Writing Students ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Interest Of Learning ◽  
Design Experiments ◽  
Group 1

Abstract - Growing the interest of writing students takes the teacher's efforts to motivate with various interesting and not boring teaching models. Through this research to obtain the effectiveness of picture and picture models and imaginary suggestions on the interest in writing literature poetry of grade VIII students at SMP Swadaya I Bandung. Simple research among others group 1 grade VIII-B using pinture and picture models and group 2 through imaginary suggestion, with quasi design design experiments with the form of model nonequivalent control group design. From the results of the study it is known that the image model is more effective and attractive to students, than the second model of imaginary suggestion in fostering the interest of learning to write poetry literary texts of students, especially in grade VIII junior high school.    Abstrak. Menumbuhkan minat menulis siswa dibutuhkan upaya guru untuk memotivasi dengan berbagai model pengajaran yang menarik dan tidak membosankan. Melalui penelitian ini untuk memperoleh efektifvitas model picture and picture dan sugesti imajiner terhadap minat menulis puisi sastra siswa kelas VIII di SMP Swadaya I Bandung. Simple penelitian antara lain grup 1 kelas VIII-B menggunakan model pinture and picture dan grup 2 melalui sugesti imajiner, dengan desain quasi eksperimen desain dengan bentuk model nonequivalent control group desain. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa model gambar lebih efektif dan menarik bagi siswa, ketimbang model kedua sugesti imajiner dalam menumbuhkan minat belajar menulis puisi sastra teks siswa, khususnya di kelas VIII SMP.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Monoklonal Antibodi Bovine Zona Pelusida 3 (bZP3) terhadap Diameter dan Atresia Folikel Ovarium Mencit (Mus musculus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Annisa Trissatharra ◽  
Sri Ratna Dwiningsih ◽  
Ratna Sofaria Munir
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: To identify the effect of monoclonal antibody bZP3 at ovarian follicles that undergo atresia and diameter of various ovarian follicles.Materials and Methods: This is a true experimental research with post only control group design. Samples were 36 female mices (Mus musculus) which is divided into 6 groups, there are 3 control groups (group 1, 2, and 3) injected by Phospatase Buffer Saline (PBS) 50µl and 3 treatment groups (group 4, 5, and 6) injected by Mab bZP3 50µl. Group 1 and 4 terminated at 5th day, group 2 and 5 terminated at 10th day, and group 3 and 6 terminated at 20th day. Evaluation of atretic ovarian follicles and diameter of ovarian follicles performed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) and the data processed by parametric statistic.Results: There are no significant in different among groups in the aspect of atretic follicles and diameter of folicles (p>0.05), but descriptively, number of follicles undergo atresia of the follicle primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment group was higher than the control group, except on the 20th day of observation time.Conclusion: administration of Mab bZP3 had no effect to amount of atretic follicles and diameter of folicles during observation time.

scholarly journals MULLIGAN BENT LEG RAISE LEBIH MENINGKATKAN LINGKUP GERAK SENDI LUMBOSAKRAL DAN MENURUNKAN DISABILITAS DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN SLUMP STRETCHING PADA PENGRAJIN GENTENG DENGAN MECHANICAL LOW BACK PAIN DI DESA DARMASABA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Dhita Prianthara ◽  
I Made Jawi ◽  
Wahyuddin ◽  
I Nengah Sandi ◽  
I Putu Adiartha Griadhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Lumbar Range Of Motion ◽  
Group 1

Background: Mechanical low back pain is pain that resulting from poor posture which cause decreased disability and limitation of lumbar range of motion. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove mulligan bent leg raise more effective to increase lumbosacral range of motion and decreased disability than slump stretching among tile craftsman with Mechanical low back pain in Darmasaba village. Methods: This research was an experimental study with pre and post test control group design. Sample of this study is tile craftsman with mechanical low back pain with 20 samples aged 30-55. Samples were divided into two groups, which the first group (n = 10) was given Mulligan bent leg raise, while the second group was given slump stretching. Do exercise 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Lumbar range of motion was measured with modified-modified schober test while level of disability was measured with modified oswestry disability index. Result: Paired Sample T-test in Group 1 and Group 2 obtained p=0,000 that showed in each Group 1 and Group 2 there is significant difference. Independent Samples Test of Group 1 and Group 2 showed the result p=0,000 which mean that there is significant difference in increased lumbar range of motion and decreased disability. Conclusion: Mulligan bent leg raise more effective to increase lumbosacral range of motion and decreased disability than slump stretching to tile craftsman with mechanical low back pain in Darmasaba village.

scholarly journals Training Badminton Footwork Ten Repetitions Two Sets Better Than Five Repetitions Four Sets for The Improvement of Leg Muscle Strength

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
I Putu Astrawan ◽  
I Putu Prisa Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Background: Footwork training is important in coaching basic movements in badminton. This research aims to learn about the influence of footwork training on improving leg muscles strength. Methods: The study used a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The participants consisted of 42 male badminton players of Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Bali, Indonesia, who split into two groups of footwork training (ten repetitions two sets (group 1) and five repetitions with four sets (group 2)). The coach gave the footwork exercise three times per week for 6 weeks to each group and measured the leg muscle strength using the dynamometer test. Results: The result of the within-group paired T-test before and after the training shows group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05). For group 1, the mean of leg muscle strength was 114.19±33.13 kg before the training and 183.19±33.56 kg after the training, with an increase of 60% (69 kg). On the other hand, for group 2, the mean score of leg muscle strength before the training was 113.05±31.30 kg and after the training was 141.10±34.91, with an increase of 25% (28 kg). The leg muscle strength difference between the groups before and after the training was tested using the independent T-test with a significant α=0.05. Comparing the differences of leg muscle strength for both the groups before the training was p= 0.90, and after the training was p=0.00. Conclusion: The conclusion is training badminton footwork ten repetition two sets better than five repetitions four sets to improve leg muscle strength.

scholarly journals Utilization of Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk. As UV Protector In mice exposed to UV-B

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Ketut Agus Adrianta ◽  
I Made Agus Sunadi Putra
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Collagen Density ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In daily life, Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk., the leaves are rarely used even just as animal feed. In the bark of Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk there are new flavonoid compounds namely morusin, artokarpin, artonin E, cycloartobilosantone, and artonol B. This research is an experimental design with randomized posttest only with control group design. A total of 21 mice were divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 7 mice, group 1: negative control given oral placebo and exposed to UV-B rays, group 2:giving Vitamin C cream 4% mg and exposed to UV-B rays, group 3: giving cream of Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk leaf extract 4% and exposed to UV-B rays. The total of UV radiation dose of 600 mJ / cm² for 3 weeks, then performed a biopsy for examination of the amount of dermis collagen. The average number of collagen in the three groups after treatment was given significantly different (p <0.05). Mean and Significant level of collagen density of group 1 : 51,42 ± 5,16; group P2 ± 91,18 ± 1,13; and P3 group: 88,77 ± 1,10. Conclusion : Cream of 4% Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk leaf extract can increase the amount of collagen density in mice exposed to UV-B rays.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Metode Latihan Drill Terhadap Ketepatan Pukulan Backhand Clear Pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Bulutangkis SMK Negeri 3 Jepara

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Riza Indra Dwijaya ◽  
Galih Dwi Pradipta ◽  
Setiyawan Setiyawan
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This research is based on the lack of ability to roll the backhand of badminton extracurricular students at SMK Negeri 3 Jepara because the backhand style is still difficult and they are not used to the variation of punch training and have never been given special training by the coach. The purpose of this study was to determine all the effects of training exercises on the accuracy of the back strokes of badminton extracurricular students at SMK Negeri 3 Jepara. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach. The design of this study is a Quasi Experiment with the method of The Untreated Control Group Design with Pretest and Posttest with data retrieval using tests. The population in this study was 30 students and the sample was taken by purposive sampling or with certain provisions as many as 16 students and divided into 2 groups, namely group 1 as treatment recipient and group 2 without treatment. The data technique uses the treatment of the drill training method. The data analysis technique used in this study was the prerequisite test, including the normality test, homogeneous test, and hypothesis testing. The results of the study indicate that the training method affects the accuracy of rolling backhand badminton extracurricular students of SMK Negeri 3 Jepara from group 1 with an average of 22.5 and a value of 10.828> t table 2.145 and a significance value of 0.000 <0.05, with a percentage increase of 13, 47%, while for group 2 without treatment with an average of 19,625 which is only 8.47% with an average difference of 3,875 posttest. The anatomical results of the training method also have an effect on increasing the students' body movements, because the body stimulates the body with fast movements so that the student's body becomes accustomed to doing backhand clear strokes. It can be rejected that the hypothesis h1 is accepted there is an effect of the drill training method on the accuracy of rolling backhand clear at SMK Negeri 3 Jepara is accepted.   Keywords: Keywords: backhand clear, drill practice, accuracy Abstrak Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh kurangnya kemampuan pukulan backhand clear siswa ekstrakurikuler bulutangkis SMK Negeri 3 Jepara dikarenakan pukulan backhand dianggap masih sulit dan belum terbiasa juga kurangnya variasi latihan pukulan dan belum pernah diberikan latihan secara khusus oleh pelatih. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh latihan drill untuk ketepatan pukulan backhand clear siswa ekstrakuriler bulutangkis SMK Negeri 3 Jepara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Desain penelitian ini adalah Quasi Experimen dengan metode The Untreated Control Group Design with Pretest and Posttest dengan pengambilan data menggunakan tes. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa dan diambil sampel dengan purposive sampling atau dengan ketentuan tertentu sebanyak 16 siswa dan dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok 1 sebagai penerima treatment dan kelompok 2 tanpa treatment. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan treatment metode latihan drill. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian menggunakan uji prasyarat antara lain uji normalitas, uji homogeny, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa metode latihan drill berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan pukulan backhand clear siswa ekstrakurikuler bulutangkis SMK Negeri 3 Jepara dari kelompok 1 dengan rata-rata 22,5 dan nilai thitung 10,828 > ttabel 2,145 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05, dengan peningkatan presentase 13,47%, sedangkan untuk kelompok 2 tanpa perlakuan dengan rata-rata 19,625 yang hanya sebesar 8,47% dengan selisih rata-rata posttest 3,875. Hasil secara anatomi metode latihan drill juga berpengaruh dalam peningkatan pergerakan tubuh siswa, karena rangsangan tubuh dengan gerakan cepat sehingga gerak tubuh siswa menjadi terbiasa dalam melakukan pukulan backhand clear.Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipotesis h1 diterima yaitu ada pengaruh metode latihan drill terhadap ketepatan pukulan backhand clear SMK Negeri 3 Jepara diterima... Kata kunci: backhand clear, latihan drill, ketepatan

scholarly journals Krim Ekstrak Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus ) 10% Sama Efektifnya dengan Krim Hidrokuinon 4% dalam Mencegah Peningkatan Jumlah Melanin Kulit Marmut (Cavia porcellus) yang Dipapar Sinar Ultraviolet B

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corazon H. Dumaria ◽  
A AGP Wiraguna ◽  
Wimpie Pangkahila
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: This study was aimed to prove that administration of 10% redfruit extract cream could prevent the increase of skin melanin in guinea pig exposed to UVB and to compare this effect with 4% hydroquinone cream. This was a true experimental study using post test only control group design. Subjects were devided into three groups; each of 10 guinea pigs. Group 1, the control group, was exposed to UVB and applied with basic cream. Group 2 was exposed to UVB and applied with 4% hydroquinone cream. Group 3 was exposed to UVB and applied with 10% redfruit extract cream. The total dose of UVB was 390 mJ/cm2 given for 2 weeks. The amount of melanin was calculated using the percentage of the pixel area of melanin and was compared with the pixel areas of all epidermal tissues. The results showed that the highest percentage of melanin area was in group 1 (19.78%±3.79%). The percentage of melanin area in group 3 was 1.25%±0.76% meanwhile in group 2 was 0.85%±0.37%. There were signi-ficant differences in melanin percentage between the control group and group 2 as well as group 3 (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in melanin percentage between group 2 and group 3 (P >0.05). Conclusion: The 10% redfruit extract cream could prevent the increase of skin melanin in guinea pig exposed to UVB as effectively as the 4% hydroquinone cream.Keywords: redfruit extract cream, melanin, UVBAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek pemberian krim ekstrak buah merah 10% dalam mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin kulit marmut yang dipapar sinar UVB dan perbandingannya dengan krim hidrokuinon 4%. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan post test only control group design. Sampel terdiri dari tiga kelompok dengan jumlah sampel 10 ekor marmut jantan tiap kelompok. Kelompok 1 yaitu kelompok kontrol, diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim dasar. Kelompok 2 diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim hidrokuinon 4%. Kelompok 3 diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim ekstrak buah merah 10%. Dosis total UVB yaitu 390 mJ/cm2 diberikan selama 2 minggu. Jumlah melanin dihitung dengan persentase pixel luas area melanin dibandingkan dengan pixel seluruh jaringan epidermis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah melanin tertinggi pada kelompok 1 (19,78± 3,79%) dan terendah pada kelompok 2 (0,85±0,37%), sedangkan jumlah melanin pada kelompok 3 di antara keduanya (1,25±0,76%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok 1 dengan kelompok 2 dan 3 (P <0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok 2 dan 3 dalam mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin (P >0,05 ). Simpulan: Krim ekstrak buah merah 10% dapat mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin kulit marmut yang dipapar sinar UVB sama efektif dengan krim hidrokuinon 4%.Kata kunci: krim ekstrak buah merah, melanin, UVB

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian kopi terhadap kualitas spermatozoa tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang terpapar stres

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Risnawati A. Haris ◽  
Lydia Tendean ◽  
Grace Turalaki
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Light Form ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: The coffee beans composed of the compound caffeine, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and acid stearic. The content of caffeine in coffee can improve spermatozoa motility that are not motile by inhibiting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and affects the intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. Spermatozoa quality can be affected by various factors such as stress. In nocturnal animals, dark periode becomes a signal to do activity by suprachiasmatic nucleus. The change in activity of the nocturnal animals from initial condition in the dark then exposed to light can leads to stress. This study was aimed to determine the effect of coffee on the spermatozoa quality of wistar rats which had been exposed to stress. This was an experimental analytical study with a post-test only control group design. The study was conducted for 50 days from September to November 2016. The sample consisted of 9 rats divided into three groups: a control group (P0) is given only exposure to stress in the form of light, the treatment group 1 (P1) is given exposure to stress in the light form and liquid coffee 1 ml / kg and the treatment group 2 (P2) is given exposure to stress in the light form and coffee extracts. The results showed that there were significant differences in the concentration and motility treatment group 1 (P1) to the control group (P0) which is p <0.05 and significant differences in sperm motility treatment group 2 (P2) to the control group (P0) which is p <0.05. Conclusion: Coffee administration could improve the quality of spermatozoa of wistar rats exposed to stress.Keywords: stress, coffee, quality of spermatozoa. Abstrak: Biji kopi tersusun dari senyawa kafein, asam palmatik, asam linoleat dan asam stearik. Kandungan kafein yang terdapat didalam kopi mampu meningkatkan motilitas spermatozoa yang tidak motil dengan cara menghambat siklus nukleotida fosfodiesterase dan mempengaruhi level intraseluler dari siklus AMP. Kualitas spermatozoa juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor lain seperti stres. Pada hewan nokturnal periode gelap menjadi sinyal untuk beraktiftas dilakukan oleh suprachiasmatic nucleus. Perubahan aktivitas pada hewan nokturnal dari kondisi awalnya ditempat yang gelap lalu diberikan paparan cahaya dapat menyebabkan terjadinya stres. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kopi terhadap kualitas spermatozoa tikus wistar yang terpapar stres. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental analitik dengan post-test only control group design. Penelitian dilakukan selama 50 hari dari bulan September – November 2016. Sampel sebanyak 9 ekor tikus dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu : kelompok kontrol (P0) hanya diberikan paparan stres berupa cahaya, kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) diberikan paparan stres berupa cahaya dan cairan kopi 1 mL/KgBb dan kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) diberikan paparan stres berupa cahaya dan ekstrak kopi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) terhadap kelompok kontrol (P0) yaitu p<0,05 dan perbedaan yang signifikan pada motilitas spermatozoa kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) terhadap kelompok kontrol (P0) yaitu p<0,05. Simpulan: Pemberian kopi meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa yang terpapar stres. Kata kunci: stres, kopi, kualitas spermatozoa

scholarly journals POSTURAL STABILITY EXERCISE LEBIH MENINGKATKAN FLEKSIBILITAS LUMBAL DIBANDINGKAN STATIC STRETCHING EXERCISE PADA PENJAHIT DI KOTA DENPASAR

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Gita Karunia Saraswati ◽  
I Dewa Putu Sutjana ◽  
Wahyuddin ◽  
Ni Wayan Tianing ◽  
Luh Made Indah Sri Handari Adiputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACTBackground: Tailor work characteristics such as sitting static and bending can trigger complaints such as lower back area muscle tension which if left untreated can cause a decrease in lumbar flexibility. Purpose: to prove postural stability exercise is more to increase lumbar flexibility than static stretching exercise on tailors in Denpasar City. Method: This study was an experimental study with pre and post test control group design. The study sample consisted of 30 people divided into two groups. Group 1 given static stretching exercise, while Group 2 given postural stability exercise. Measurement of lumbar flexibility using a modified-modified Schoober test. Result: Paired Sample t-test in Group 1 and Group 2 showed p value p <0.05 which showed that there were significant changes after giving training to each group. Furthermore, a comparison test between Group 1 and Group 2 used independent sample t-test and obtained p <0.05. This result showed that there are significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: postural stability exercise increases lumbar flexibility more than static stretching exercise for tailors in Denpasar City.Keywords: lumbar flexibility, static stretching exercise, postural stability exercise, tailor.

scholarly journals PENAMBAHAN PERTURBATION TRAINING PADA CORE STABILITY EXERCISE LEBIH BAIK DARIPADA CORE STABILITY EXERCISE DALAM PENINGKATAN KESEIMBANGAN LANSIA DI MENGWI-BADUNG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Mulya Kharismawan ◽  
RA Tuty Kuswardhani ◽  
Wahyuddin ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri ◽  
I Nyoman Adiputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
T Test ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Perturbation Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Background: falls is one of the major problems that often occur in the elderly population. It caused the decrease of balance in elderly. Purpose: to prove addition perturbation training on core stability exercise better than core stability exercise to improve balance in elderly. Method: This research is an experiment research design with pre and post test control group design. These samples included 22 people who were divided into two groups. Group 1 has given perturbation training and core stability exercise, while Group 2 has given core stability exercise. Measurement of balance measured using a Berg balance scale. Result: Paired t-test at Group 1 and Group 2 showed value p=0.001 (p<0.025), this results showed a significant balance increase in each groups. Then independent sample t-test between Group 1 and Group 2 showed value of p=0.015 (p<0.025). It results showed significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2. Conclusion: additional perturbation training on core stability exercise better than core stability exercise to improve balance in elderly.

scholarly journals IMUNISASI PROTEIN ADHESIN 38-KDA MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS LEWAT RONGGA MULUT TERKAIT SEL T CD8+ DI PARU

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Maimun Z Arthamin ◽  
Agus A Gani ◽  
Nurani Issiyah ◽  
Sanarto Santoso
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Adhesin Protein ◽  
Group 1

The efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), varies widely, from 0 to 90%; and BCG mainly activates CD4+ T cells, but it fails to activate CD8+ T cells. From the previous study, 38-kDa protein is an adhesin protein. CD8+ T cells play the role in controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection and contribute to the memory immunity. The objective of this study was to determine effect of oral immunization by 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb to increase the level of CD8+ T cells in the lung of BALB/c mice. This study used an experimental with post test control group design. The mice were divided into six groups (each group consist of 4 samples), where Group 1: were immunization orally with 100 μg 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb and 12 μg ISCOMs. Followed by group 2: 100 μg 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb, group 3: 50 μg 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb and 12 μg ISCOMs, and group 4: 50 μg 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb. Group 5: 12 μg ISCOMs. Group 6: Control. In this study was found increased level of CD8+ T cells in the lung of BALB/c mice after orally immunization with 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb. The highest level of CD8+ T cells was on group 1, p=0.000. Also there were found significant differences among the immunized groups, except group 2 and 3, as well as group 5 and 6 also. It can be concluded in this study that oral immunization with 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tuberculosis could increase the level of CD8+ T cells in the lung of BALB/c mice.

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