scholarly journals Królewicz wśród królów. Portrety władców zachodnioeuropejskich w staropolskich relacjach z podróży Władysława Wazy (1624–1625)

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Bernadetta M. Puchalska-Dąbrowska
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Promotional Strategy ◽  
Literary Images ◽  
Western European

The aim of the article is to analyse literary images of selected silhouettes from the travels of Prince Władysław Vasa to the countries of Western Europe in the years 1624-1625. The young Vasa’s train included future authors of peregrination reports: Stefan Pac – a writer, later treasurer and Grand Chancellor of Lithuania, Albrecht Stanisław Radziwiłł – Grand Chancellor of Lithuania, and Jan Hagenaw of Warmia. The silhouettes of Western European monarchs, presented in the context of specific events, were treated in a fragmentary way and included elements interesting to the author. On the other hand, the ways of presenting the Polish prince, according to the “promotional” strategy adopted by diarists, are aimed at showing the hero as an individual worthy of being “among kings”, capable – thanks to his skills – of finding his place in court structures. 

Problems of Western Europe

1949 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
Bernard Wall
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common People ◽  
Western Nation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Will ◽  
East And West

The following pages are based on the last six months of 1948 which the writer spent in England, France and Italy. During this period Marshall aid had begun to bear certain fruit. On the other hand the international situation, already bad at the opening of the period, had deteriorated cumulatively as time passed. The Berlin deadlock, a symbol of the will of East and West, continued as before; and not even the beginning of a solution was reached at the United Nations assembly in Paris in die autumn. All over Europe people were preoccupied widi the economic crisis; but also by the direat of a new war. A military committee composed of Great Britain, France and Benelux was formed in the autumn under the chairmanship of Marshal Montgomery. There remained problems about this committee's effectiveness as well as about the extent to which other proposals for Western union were practicable at present. While in each country in Western Europe common people and politicians are talking more about union than ever before, in practice separatist tendencies in each shrunken western nation are still at work and travel to, or independent contact with, neighboring countries is a far more difficult business today than it was in 1939.

scholarly journals Microbiostratigraphy of the Berriasian–Valanginian boundary in eastern Crimea: foraminifers, ostracods, organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya N. Savelieva ◽  
Olga V. Shurekova ◽  
Anna A. Feodorova ◽  
Vladimir A. Grishchenko ◽  
Andrei Yu. Guzhikov
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dinoflagellate Cysts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
North Western ◽  
Ostracod Species ◽  
Ammonite Zones

AbstractThorough study of foraminifers, ostracods and dinoflagellate remnants from the Zavodskaya Balka and Koklyuk sections helps to characterize the detailed biostratigraphic division of the Berriasian / Valanginian boundary sequence in the Feodosiya district of eastern Crimea. The foraminifer and dinocyst associations from the lower part of the sequence are clearly comparable with common Berriasian associations throughout all Mountain Crimea. On the other hand, foraminifer, ostracod and dinocyst associations from its upper part have been recorded only in eastern Crimea. The upper foraminifer level corresponds to the boreal ammonite zones from the Tauricum-Verrucosum (Upper Berriasian-Valanginian). Most of the ostracod species are endemic. The base of the uppermost dinocyst level correlates with the Lower Valanginian Paratollia zone from north-western Europe.

Notation and identity in contemporary popular music

Popular Music ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 215-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Stith Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Western European ◽  
Rock N Roll

Popular music, like all manifestations of popular culture, lives on in spite of recurring criticisms that cast it as somehow inauthentic. In fact, defences against this discounting are built into popular music (for example, the Rolling Stones' classic: ‘It's only rock 'n' roll but I like it’) and built in, as well, to the identities of those who make the music a part of their lives, be they players, producers, consumers or critics. On the other hand, so-called classical music, not unlike other manifestations of Western European art culture, lives on in spite of popular music and provides the touchstone of authenticity that creates the defensive popular response. The ideas I am advancing here are intended to allow the players in this authenticity contest to be recognised as evidence of unique historical circumstances: recognised, that is, not only as stock dramatists of ethnocentrism, but as indicators of long-term changes in music cultures in all parts of the world.

Intra-Regional Management: The Western Europe Strategy of Japanese Firms

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Akira Kudo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Investment ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regional Management ◽  
Japanese Firms ◽  
Other Hand

This paper raises the following questions: 1) How have Japanese firms that have entered Western Europe via direct investment understood the region's business environment? 2) With that understanding, what strategies have Japanese firms built and what projects have they developed? 3) Conversely, how have the projects developed by Japanese firms affected the business environment in Western Europe? To explore the questions outlined above, it is desirable or even necessary to observe a relatively large number of cases over as long a period as possible. This paper clearly faces limits on this score. On the other hand, by observing a small number of cases in relative detail, this paper may have the advantage of providing a basis for formulating general propositions.

scholarly journals Hög generell tillit och låg tolerans mot främlingar?

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-85
Author(s):  
Karl Loxbo
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
Minority Report

In light of Sweden’s exceptionally high levels of generalised trust, a widely argued view is that this country is well equipped to counterbalance contemporary challenges of xenophobia and build trust between diverse groups. However, while trust remains at high levels in Sweden, the same, somewhat paradoxically, goes for xenophobic attitudes. Therefore, the main question addressed in this article is why many Swedes report that they trust ‘most people in general’ while simultaneously displaying high levels of xenophobia. Drawing on unique survey-data, the article presents three main answers. First, the article shows that Swedish respondents place much more trust in their cultural in-group – which they tend to equate with ‘most people’ – than in their cultural out-group. Second, when relating these different measures of trust to respondents’ degree of xenophobia, on the one hand, and their party preferences, on the other hand, the article shows that an overwhelming majority of the electorate report that they trust people from Western Europe, while only a minority report that they tolerate and trust non-Europeans. Third, and most crucially, the article finds that high trust in the cultural out-group is associated with tolerance, whereas high trust in the in-group instead appears to breed xenophobia.   

scholarly journals Representation in Western Europe: Connecting party-voter congruence and party goals

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-142
Author(s):  
Annika Werner
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Voter Information ◽  
General Goals ◽  
The Many ◽  
Ideological Congruence

One of the most common critiques of political parties is that they no longer represent the interests of their voters. On one hand, representation literature tasks all parties equally to ensure high ideological congruence with their voters. On the other hand, party behaviour literature acknowledges that parties have legitimately different primary goals, in particular vote-maximisation or policy-seeking. Thus, this article analyses whether ideological congruence depends on the general goals that parties pursue. Furthermore, this article proposes a novel, distribution-based measure of party-voter ideological congruence that reduces the loss of voter information stemming from the many-to-one data relationship. This measure is applied to 470 data points from parties in 10 Western European countries from 1970 to 2009. The article finds that vote-maximising parties create higher levels of congruence than policy-seeking parties. On this basis, the article calls for evaluations of party behaviour considering party-type specificity.

Pertinence de la théorie de la dualisation de la religion en Suisse, en France et en Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Bréchon ◽  
Roland J. Campiche
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Societal Impact ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Proper Comparison ◽  
Western European ◽  
The One

The principal explanations of contemporary religious change face two main difficulties. On the one hand, they often fail to express the complexity of the ongoing evolution, because they are too focused on institutional religion, e.g. secularization. On the other hand, some of them favour fashionable themes (the growth of individualism, the privatization of religion) and skirt the societal impact of religion. The idea of dualism allows a combined approach to the process of religious de-institutionalization and the new patterns of its regulation. The authors discuss this theory on the basis of data relating to Switzerland, France and other Western European countries (EVS, ISSP). In spite of the difficulty of finding relevant indicators that allow proper comparison, the results are promising. They invite further critical analysis of current definitions. The theory of dualism allows us to reopen the debate on religious change.

The Collapse of the European Political System, 1914–45

1949 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajo Holborn
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Political System ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Historical Pattern ◽  
American Policy ◽  
Political Actions

Any attempt at the formulation or critical review of American policies in Europe is conditioned by our historical conceptions. Whether we try to define American policy with regard to Germany, the economic recovery of Europe, or the protection of western Europe against further Russian inroads, we are consciously or unconsciously influenced by what we consider to be the “normal” organization of Europe, and are thereby led to direct our political actions as much as possible toward the restoration of the traditional order. There exists, on the other hand, a general awareness of radical changes in world politics and especially European affairs, and our practical political experiences demonstrate that we are constantly driven to adopt unprecedented measures which run counter to what we still envisage as the historical pattern of Europe.

Nationality-Based Prejudice in Sports: Fan Demand for Foreign Athletes in the Czech

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Kotrba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Fantasy Sports ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Western European ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Sports Fan

This paper aims to answer the question of whether fans discriminate against foreign athletes. It uses data from the fantasy sports environment. The sample consists of 11 rounds in the football competition in Czechia during the 2015–2016 season. A total of 8,036 people participated in the game, and they completed a total of 53,951 squads. The final dataset consists of 3,741 observations of a specific footballer in a single round. The results show that Czech fantasy sports users prefer domestic players. The influence of the players’ origin varies depending on the region they are from. The results show that Asian and Eastern European countries, namely Croatia, Serbia, and Slovakia, present a negative influence. On the other hand, Czechs prefer players from South America and Russia. In the case of African and Western European countries, the influence is insignificant in the models. Performance, however, influences the demand for athletes the most.

Impact of Globalization on Small Countries' Higher Education Systems: The Case of the Netherlands

2015 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
A. Nevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Small Countries ◽  
Western European

The article deals with the current performance and the latest developments of higher education in small and medium Western European countries. It uncovers the core trends on the international higher education market, defines small countries’ place and role in it. It is argued that there is no direct correlation between the size of economy, country’s geography, language spoken, on the one hand, and the share of international enrolments and higher education system’s general performance, on the other hand. However, there are some special moments about the way small developed countries build in their higher education in the global market. The article deals with the Dutch higher education system as a typical case for Western European small countries. It is concluded that the most beneficial category of students for this country are those from non-EEA countries, focusing in several specific areas of the country’s international specialization. A system of measures is being taken to attract such students and to prevent huge number of enrolments from the rest of developing world. This is the way the Netherlands preserve and improve the excellent quality of domestic educational services (which is right for the rest of small Western European countries as well). The group of countries under consideration is also known for their high level of involvement in all kinds of international cooperation in tertiary education. This allows them, on one hand, to further improve the quality of services, and, on the other hand, to minimize the costs of stuff needed for research and innovation. This paper’s findings might be used for further research in this area and taken into consideration by the local authorities dealing with Russian educational system improvement and including it in the global market of education, research and innovation.

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