scholarly journals Identification of female genital tract infectious agents in patients treated for cytopathological diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
J. S. Borges ◽  
V. M. Giudice ◽  
R. N. Leandro ◽  
K. V. Martinez ◽  
L. P. R. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Vaginal Sample

Vaginal candidiasis, fungal infection caused by species of Candida spp. that affects women of all ages, cultures, habits, social and economic conditions. The present study had as its main objective to determine the identification of Candida spp. isolated in a vaginal sample, collected together with the collection for the cytopathological exam, in women treated in a university extension project, aiming at allowing a suitable therapeutics afterwards. The extension project began in January 2014 to June 2019 at the UFRGS. The patients who sought the Laboratory of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis (LACT) of the Faculty of Pharmacy of UFRGS first answered a questionnaire to obtain epidemiological data. Cytopathological diagnosis, Papanicolao smear, and presence of Candida spp. yeast, culture and identification and Trichomonas vaginalis, light microscopy. During the study period, 227 patients, 25.11%, aged 15 to 82 years, presented positive culture for Candida spp. Six species were identified, C. albicans (40.35%), C. glabrata (28.07%) and C. parapsilosis, 15.79%. C. krusei, C. guilliermondii and C. tropicalis totaled (15.79%). Regarding the inflammatory process, present in 49.12%, in C. krusei (75%) and C. guilliermondii (100%), and absence in C. tropicalis. The correct diagnosis and treatment of patients with vaginal candidiasis, even if not considered sexually transmitted, enables to prevent contamination through direct contact, sexual or otherwise, with other individuals and the improvement of self-esteem and quality of life. The prevalence of Candida albicans is still the main cause of vaginal candidiasis, but not neglecting the increase in the number of cases associated with non-albicans species, as well as other infectious agents such as Trichomonas vaginalis, and bacteria. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of Candida albicans and non-albicans isolates from vaginal secretions: comparative evaluation of colonization, vaginal candidiasis and recurrent vaginal candidiasis in diabetic and non-diabetic women

2014 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciene Setsuko Akimoto Gunther ◽  
Helen Priscila Rodrigues Martins ◽  
Fabrícia Gimenes ◽  
André Luelsdorf Pimenta de Abreu ◽  
Marcia Edilaine Lopes Consolaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Dm Type 2

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is caused by abnormal growth of yeast-like fungi on the female genital tract mucosa. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to fungal infections, including those caused by species of Candida. The present study investigated the frequency of total isolation of vaginal Candida spp., and its different clinical profiles - colonization, VVC and recurrent VVC (RVVC) - in women with DM type 2, compared with non-diabetic women. The cure rate using fluconazole treatment was also evaluated. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted in the public healthcare system of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. METHODS: The study involved 717 women aged 17-74 years, of whom 48 (6.7%) had DM type 2 (mean age: 53.7 years), regardless of signs and symptoms of VVC. The yeasts were isolated and identified using classical phenotypic methods. RESULTS: In the non-diabetic group (controls), total vaginal yeast isolation occurred in 79 (11.8%) women, and in the diabetic group in 9 (18.8%) (P = 0.000). The diabetic group showed more symptomatic (VVC + RVVC = 66.66%) than colonized (33.33%) women, and showed significantly more colonization, VVC and RVVC than seen among the controls. The mean cure rate using fluconazole was 75.0% in the diabetic group and 86.7% in the control group (P = 0.51). CONCLUSION: We found that DM type 2 in Brazilian women was associated with yeast colonization, VVC and RVVC, and similar isolation rates for C. albicans and non-albicans species. Good cure rates were obtained using fluconazole in both groups.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical care in the context of an Extension Project to care for patients with vaginal candidiasis with the strategy of carrying out antifungal resistance testing and community health prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
M. L. Menz ◽  
L. N. Calil ◽  
F. M. Bittencourt ◽  
A. Mezzari
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Antifungal Resistance ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Vaginal candidiasis, fungal infection caused by species of Candida spp. that affects women of all ages, cultures, habits, social and economic conditions. Its frequency and epidemiology is already reported, but resistance and therapeutic failures have been recorded. Methodology: In the Laboratory of Clinical and Toxicological Analyzes of the Faculty of Pharmacy of UFRGS (LACT), cervicovaginal collections of women were performed for Candida research and determination of species, after which susceptibility tests were performed to fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and nystatin. With the results obtained complement with the Pharmaceutical Care Project. Results: C. albicans was identified in 37% and in non-albicans species, C. glabrata in 27%. C. albicans was more sensitive to antifungals than C. glabrata, which presented a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) higher than C. albicans. Conclusion: Antifungal resistance has increased due to the use in prophylaxis and treatments without the correct diagnosis, requiring a more careful look at these patients. Thus, it is necessary to follow up the diagnosis and treatment by the health professional, the pharmacist, who has knowledge of the drug therapy used and this is obtained by the Pharmaceutical Care acting in the Project.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF NIFURATEL USAGE IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF CHRONIC SPECIFIC BACTERIAL FIBROUSE AND CALCULOUS PROSTATITIS ASSOCIATED WITH TRICHOMONIASIS AND CANDIDOSIS

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Юрий Заседа
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Total Dosage ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Sonographic Examination ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Therapeutic Model

The aim of the study was to analyze the effi cacy of the drug “Macmiror” (active substance – nifuratel) in the treatment of chronic specifi c bacterial fi brous and calculous prostatitis associated with trichomoniasis and candidiasis.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 50 patients of the “Clinic “Men’s Health”, suff ering from chronic specifi c bacterial fi brous and calculous prostatitis (mixed infection: trichomonadial-bacterial-candidiasis associates of various structure). As methods of research, in addition to the standard complex, the following were chosen: IN POUCH TV-test; PCR method; sonographic examination ofthe prostate and spermogram.Results of the study. Patients who completed the study were treated with chronic specifi c bacterial fi brous and calculous prostatitis (N41.1) for 14 days, according to the following therapeutic model: oral administration of nifuratel as part of the “Macmiror” preparation at a total dosage of 1200 mg per day (6 tablets of 200 mg) divided into 3 doses and physiotherapy.Conclusions. A general (in relation to diff erent types and combinations of infectious agents) of the therapeutic model has been established at a level of 71% to 100%. Treatment had absolute (clinical and laboratory) effi cacy against isolated Candida spp.; absolute clinical effi cacy and 71-85% laboratory effi cacy against isolated Trichomonas vaginalis; 92% clinical and 76-84% laboratory effi cacy against the combination of these infectious agents; 92% clinical and 80% laboratory effi cacy against the combination of these infectious agents and non-specifi c bacterial fl ora, as the etiological factors of chronic specifi c bacterial prostatitis.

Vaginitis: Review on Drug Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 1672-1686
Author(s):  
Graziela Vargas Rigo ◽  
Tiana Tasca
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Female genital tract infections have a high incidence among different age groups and represent an important impact on public health. Among them, vaginitis refers to inflammation of the vulva and/or vagina due to the presence of pathogens that cause trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Several discomforts are associated with these infections, as well as pregnancy complications and the facilitation of HIV transmission and acquisition. The increasing resistance of microorganisms to drugs used in therapy is remarkable, since women report the recurrence of these infections and associated comorbidities. Different resistant mechanisms already described for the drugs used in the therapy against Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida spp., and Gardnerella vaginalis, as well as aspects related to pathogenesis and treatment, are discussed in this review. This study aims to contribute to drug design, avoiding therapy ineffectiveness due to drug resistance. Effective alternative therapies to treat vaginitis will reduce the recurrence of infections and, consequently, the high costs generated in the health system, improving women’s well-being.

scholarly journals The CONFINE (Comorbidities and Outcome iN patients with chronic heart Failure: a study in INternal mEdicine units) study: a new epidemiologic observational study on heart failure in the internal medicine departments in Italy

2013 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
P. Biagi
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Quality Life

BACKGROUND The burden of heart failure (HF) is enormous and its prevalence increases sharply with age. It has been estimated that heart failure affects up to 3% of the general population and 10% of the elderly. It contributes to hospital admission for most of them, mainly elder adults (admitted in internal medicine units) with more than one comorbidity, cognitive disorders, impairment and so on. Despite the increasing prevalence of heart failure, its exact incidence and prevalence remain largely unknown and probably underestimated due to a lack of accurate epidemiological data and difficulties associated with comorbidities and correct diagnosis: over 40% of recurrent hospitalization causes, either cardiac or extracardiac, cannot be determined due to the lack of data. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study estimated the prevalence and the primary care burden associated with comorbidities in internal medicine units. METHOD The design: a longitudinal multicentric observational study using spot analysis three data sheets were filled in during the hospital stay according to three crucial moments: enrolment (“the index day”), admission and discharge. Will be analyzed the following primary outcomes: total and cardiovascular mortality, intensive unit care admission, recurrent cardiovascular disorders, length of stay, hospital readmission, changes in activities of daily living, need for care. Second outcomes: clinical, therapeutic, instrumental and laboratory changes during the admission process. Deep analysis of the following comorbidities will be also taken into account: acute and chronic kidney failure, anaemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, muscle loss, nutritional status, cirrhosis of the liver, neoplasms, blood cell disorders, chronic inflammatory diseases. Further evalutation items: cognitive impairment, self-sufficiency and perception of quality life.

scholarly journals Detection of Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp. and Trichomonas vaginalis DNA in symptomatic women

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Focarelli ◽  
Vincenzo Rondinelli ◽  
Maria Gabriella Lepore ◽  
Pasquale Minchella ◽  
Raffaele Saraceno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Candida Spp

scholarly journals Use of flexible bronchoscopy for rapid diagnosis of suspected tubercular cases in rural India

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 860-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Singhal ◽  
Abhay M. Gaidhane ◽  
Nazli Khatib ◽  
Tripti Hrivastava ◽  
Sanjay Diwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Flexible Bronchoscopy ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Negative Sputum ◽  
Tuberculosis Therapy

Background: Reaching a correct diagnosis is a challenge for physicians treating any of the 30% to 50% of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who have negative sputum cultures or who present with no sputum.  Flexible bronchoscopy acquires special importance for these cases for whom empirical anti-tuberculosis therapy is the only option left. In our study we aimed to assess the diagnostic yield of flexible bronchoscopy in patients, suspected to have tuberculosis, whose sputum smears were negative. Methodology: In our hospital-based cross-sectional study, 42 patients were enrolled by consecutive sampling. Flexible bronchoscopy and selective bronchial washings were done in all patients.  Results: Bronchoscopy lavage smears were positive for M. tuberculosis in 10 (23.8%) patients. Fifteen (35.7%) patients had positive culture. Conclusion: Flexible bronchoscopy has an important role in the diagnosis of patients suspected to have tuberculosis, whose sputum smears are negative or who can not produce sputum.

Proanthocyanidin polymeric tannins from Stryphnodendron adstringens are effective against Candida spp. isolates and for vaginal candidiasis treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Luiza Duarte de Freitas ◽  
Vanessa Kaplum ◽  
Diego Conrado Pereira Rossi ◽  
Leandro Buffoni Roque da Silva ◽  
Márcia de Souza Carvalho Melhem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Candidiasis Treatment

scholarly journals Systematic review on infection and disease caused by Thelazia callipaeda in Europe: 2001–2020

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Beatriz do Vale ◽  
Ana Patrícia Lopes ◽  
Maria da Conceição Fontes ◽  
Mário Silvestre ◽  
Luís Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Thelazia Callipaeda ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Available Information

Cases of thelaziosis by Thelazia callipaeda have been increasing considerably in Europe throughout the 21st century, with recent emphasis on Eastern Europe. A systematic review was conducted using defined search terms across three major databases and, additionally, with the examination of the references of the 56 articles selected. Available information about epidemiological and clinical features of all cases of thelaziosis by T. callipaeda in companion animals, wildlife and humans was extracted, evaluated and subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis. In all cross-sectional studies about dogs, cats and red foxes, males were more frequently infected than females (dogs: p = 0.0365; cats: p = 0.0164; red foxes: p = 0.0082). Adult dogs seem to be more prone to infection (p < 0.0001), as well as large-sized dogs (p < 0.0001), and companion animals that live exclusively outdoors (p < 0.0001). Dogs and red foxes involved in these cross-sectional studies harboured significantly more female than male nematodes (p < 0.0001). Thelaziosis by T. callipaeda is far from controlled in Europe. Only through updated epidemiological data, knowledge improvement and awareness can correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment and prevention be ensured to tackle this zoonosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Infectious Organisms Observed in Cervical Smears Between 1997–2014 at Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Al-Awadhi ◽  
Azza Al-Shaheen ◽  
Ahlam Al-Juwaiser ◽  
Sara S. George ◽  
Prem Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cervical Smears ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simplex Virus

Objectives: This study aimed to examine gynaecological infectious agents observed in conventional and modified Papanicolaou cervical smears (CS) at a tertiary care hospital in Kuwait. Methods: This retrospective study analysed 121,443 satisfactory CS samples collected between 1997–2014 at the Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait. Conventional CS samples were obtained between 1997–2005, while modified CS were obtained between 2006–2014 following the introduction of ThinPrep® testing (Hologic Corp., Bedford, Massachusetts, USA). All samples were initially screened by cytoscreeners before being analysed by cytopathologists to determine the presence of specific infectious agents. Results: Overall, 8,836 (7.28%) of the cervical samples had infectious agents; of these, 62.48% were conventional and 37.52% were modified CS samples. The most frequently observed infectious agents were Candida species (76.05%), Trichomonas vaginalis (9.72%), human papillomavirus (HPV; 9.3%), Actinomyces-like organisms (3.23%), Chlamydia trachomatis (1.27%) and the herpes simplex virus (HSV; 0.43%). There were significantly more cases of Candida species, HPV-associated changes, C. trachomatis, T. vaginalis and Actinomyces-like organisms detected in conventional compared to modified CS samples (P <0.050 each). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of HSV-associated changes (P = 0.938). The presence of two infectious agents in the same sample was identified in 0.87% of samples. Conclusion: Among CS samples collected during an 18-year period, Candida species were most frequently detected, followed by T. vaginalis and HPV. The identification of potential infectious agents is a valuable additional benefit of Papanicolaou smear testing.Keywords: Cervical Smears; Papanicolaou Test; Infection; Candida; Trichomonas vaginalis; Human Papilloma Virus; Cytology; Kuwait.

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