scholarly journals Nutritional value of cottonseed meal for swine in the finishing phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
J. R. Silva ◽  
N. T. Pereira ◽  
R. V. Andrade ◽  
M. V. A. Cabral ◽  
A. Corassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Nutritional Components ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The aim of this study was to determine the digestibility coefficients of the nutritional components of cottonseed meal for pigs in the finishing phase. Fourteen castrated male commercial pigs with average initial weight of 56.29 ± 2.49 kg were used. The animals were housed individually in cages for metabolic study (experimental unit) in a randomized complete block design (defined by initial weight) with two treatments and seven replications per treatment. The treatments consisted of a reference diet, formulated to meet the minimum nutritional requirements of pigs in the finishing phase, and a test diet, consisting of 75% of the reference diet and 25% of cottonseed meal. The total feces collection method was used. The values of chemical and digestible composition of cottonseed meal were 88.78; 93.82; 6.18; 21.11; 19.26; 4.29 and 44.09%; and 57.78; 48.62; 0.48; 2.82; 5.83; 2.58 and 28.86% for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), mineral matter (MM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ether extract (EE) and protein (CP) respectively. The values are close to those found in the literature, exception for the protein that presented higher value, however the digestibility was relatively low. Cottonseed meal has high nutritional value, but with low digestible values.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF CANARANA ERECTA LISA (Echinocloa piramidalis Lam.) IN RESPONSE TO HARVEST INTERVALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Maria de Vasconcelos ◽  
Mauricio Cesio Araujo Dutra ◽  
Robson Mateus Freitas Silveira ◽  
Valdson José da Silva ◽  
Luís Alfredo Pinheiro Leal Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Forage Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Harvest Intervals

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare and explain the variations in the production and nutritive value of canarana erecta lisa grass (Echinocloa pyramidalis Lam.) at different harvest intervals. The treatments corresponded to the cut intervals of 20, 27, 34, 41, 48, 55, 62, and 69 days. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each experimental unit had 6m2 (3m ×2m). The variables studied included forage production, canopy height, and nutritive value o harvested forage. Forage production varied from 11517 to 12324 kg ha-1; Plant heights from 48.8 to 234 cm; Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 68.8% to 71.13%; Acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 36.20% to 44.15%; Crude protein (CP) from 11.43% to 5.85% and in “in vitro” dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) from 63.30% to 47.42%. These values indicated that the nutritive value of canarana erecta lisa was reduced at longer harvest intervals. It is recommended to harvest the grass at 35 days of regrowth favoring productivity, nutritive value and forage digestibility.

scholarly journals Dry matter yield and nutritional value of Marandu grass under nitrogen fertilization and irrigation in cerrado in São Paulo

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2598-2603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisângela Dupas ◽  
Salatiér Buzetti ◽  
André Luis Sarto ◽  
Fernando Braz Tangerino Hernandez ◽  
Antonio Fernando Bergamaschine
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber

The aim of this study was to evaluate dry matter yield and nutritional value of palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) using nitrogen doses and sprinkler irrigation in two periods of the year, aiming at reducing seasonality of forage production. It was used a randomized block design in a split-plot scheme, with five doses of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg/ha/cut), and the sub-plots were defined by the seasons of the year (wet and dry season), with and without irrigation. During the wet season, in the plots with and without irrigation, doses of 175 and 161 kg/ha/cut promoted the highest dry matter yields. During the dry season, 171 kg ha-1N with irrigation resulted in the highest dry matter yield. During the same season, there was no response to N fertilization in the lack of irrigation. Average contents of CP were 10% with and without irrigation. Contents of neutral detergent fiber decreased with nitrogen doses, while acid detergent fiber was not affected by fertilization. Plots under irrigation reached the maximal acid detergent fiber content at N dose of 60 kg ha-1. Irrigation promotes increase of 15% increase in dry matter yield and it increases contents of neutral detergent fiber.

scholarly journals 158 Effect of fumonisin-contaminated corn on growth performance of 9- to 28-kg nursery pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
Zhong-Xing Rao ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
R Program ◽  
Blocking Factor ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Factor Data ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract A total of 350 pigs (241×600; DNA, Columbus, NE; initially 8.9 kg) were used in a 28-d study to determine the effect of fumonisin-contaminated corn on growth performance of nursery pigs. Dietary treatments consisted of fumonisin-contaminated corn blended with low fumonisin corn to provide analyzed toxin (FB1 + FB2) levels in the final diet of 7.2, 14.7, 21.9, 32.7, and 35.1 ppm. There were 5 pigs per pen and 14 pens per treatment. Pens were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with initial weight as the blocking factor. Data were analyzed using lme package in R program with pen as the experimental unit. From d 0 to 28, increasing fumonisin decreased (linear, P< 0.05) ADG, ADFI, G:F, and final BW. Although responses tested linear, the greatest reduction in ADG and G:F was observed in pigs fed 32.7 and 35.1 ppm of fumonisin. Increasing fumonisin increased serum sphinganine to sphingosine (Sa:So) ratios (linear, P< 0.001) on day 14 and 28. Serum Sa:So ratio appears to be a useful biomarker indicating fumonisin intoxication. These results suggest that for 9- to 28-kg nursery pigs, diets containing 32 ppm of fumonisin or greater decreased growth performance and increased serum Sa:So ratio. Further research is warranted to determine the effects of fumonisin concentrations between 22 and 32 ppm.

Agronomic and Bromatological Traits of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã as Affected by Nitrogen Rates and Cutting Heights

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Anne Caroline Dallabrida Avelino ◽  
Dayana Aparecida De Faria ◽  
Sarah Penso ◽  
Daniel de Oliveira Souza Lima ◽  
Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

This study aimed to evaluate the bromatological traits of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã submitted to different cutting heights and nitrogen (N) rates. A randomized complete block design with sixteen treatments and four replications was used. The treatments arranged in 4x4 factorial arrangement, comprised four cutting heights (8, 16, 24 and 32 cm) and nitrogen rates (0, 100, 200, 300 kg N ha-1). N rates were applied after a standardization cutting. Agronomic traits comprised number of tillers, dry mass, leaf blade pseudocolus ratio and amount of senescent material. Bromatological traits of morphological components leaf blade and pseudostem comprised crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and mineral matter (MM). In the first and second cuttings, maximum yields were obtained at 16 and 32 cm cutting heights combined with N rates of 180.5 and 230.5 kg ha-1, respectively. No interaction was observed between N rates and cutting heights. It was concluded that 16 and 24 cm cutting heights combined with N rates of 200 and 300 kg ha-1 improved agronomic and bromatological traits of Brachiaria with a better efficiency in pasture system.

scholarly journals Forage potential of S3 corn progenies in topcrosses and selection of testers of different genetic bases

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocimar Costa Rosa ◽  
Marcos Ventura Faria ◽  
Welton Luiz Zaluski ◽  
Emanuel Gava ◽  
Pedro Henrique Willemann Andreoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Nonadditive Effects ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract: The objective of this work was to identify corn (Zea mays) genotypes with forage potential and to evaluate the efficiency of testers to discriminate forage traits in topcrosses, considering the contribution of additive and nonadditive genes. The experiment was carried out in the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 crop seasons, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Thirty S3 corn progenies were evaluated in topcrosses with the AG8025, P30B39, MLP102, 60.H23.1, and 70.H26.1 testers. The following traits were assessed: forage dry mass yield, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and forage dry mass degradability. Progenies 205.2, 159.6, and 199.2, in this order, presented the best performance for forage potential. Testers 60.H23.1 and 70.H26.1 better expressed the genetic variability between progenies. For all traits in both crop seasons, there is a predominance of the action of genes of nonadditive effects.

scholarly journals Production and nutritional value of the wheat silage managed with different cutting systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Carletto ◽  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Danúbia Nogueira Figueira ◽  
Guilherme Fernando Mattos Leão ◽  
Egon Henrique Horst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
Significant Difference

Winter cereals are mainly used for human and animal nutrition and several studies are now exploring their potential as conserved forage (hay and silage). Among the winter cereal species available for cultivation in the south of Brazil, which is major winter cereals producer in the country, the wheat cv. BRS Umbu has attracted special attention. However, few studies have investigated the potential of this cultivar for silage production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production and quality of silage from the dual-purpose wheat, BRS Umbu, subjected to different cut managements treatments: T1 - without cut (control), T2 - one cut and T3 - two cuts. Each plot represented an experimental unit in a randomized block design, with 5 replicates per treatment. Two representative samples were collected from each plot to determine morphological segmentation (stem, leaf and ear) and dry matter (DM) content of the whole plant and its morphological components. At the time of opening of the silos, food chemical analysis and pH determination were performed. Forage mass production decreased by 26.88% and 67.82%, respectively, with one and two cuts, compared to control. The DM content of the ensiled plant was 49.9 g kg-1 for the control, 54.7 g kg-1 with one cut and 63.2 g kg-1 with two cuts, at the time of ensiling. Management cuts changed the morphological components of the plants, with a lower proportion of stem (28%) in plants subjected to two cuts. The control treatment showed fewer leaves in ensiled plant (9.6%) and intermediate amount of stalk (52.8%), and was significantly different (p < 0.05) to treatment of a cut. Regarding feed chemistry evaluations, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed for mineral matter (MM), crude protein (CP) and hemicellulose (HEM) between the different cutting regimens. However, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) decreased (p < 0.05) as the number of cuts increased. The control treatment showed higher NDF and ADF content (563.2 and 357.9 g kg-1 DM, respectively) and lower amount of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and net energy of lactation (NEL). However, the estimated milk production (EMP) was superior for this treatment (22,447 l ha-1), demonstrating the high impact of reduced forage mass production with increased number of cuts.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different corn textures in dry grain or silage forms for piglets from 7 to 15 kg

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1757-1761
Author(s):  
José Vieira Neto ◽  
Vinícius de Souza Cantarelli ◽  
Elias Tadeu Fialho ◽  
Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo ◽  
Nikolas de Oliveira Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Independent Form ◽  
Ensilage Corn

The objective of this study was to evaluate different textures and storage forms of corn in piglet diets. Two experiments were conducted, one of which tested digestibility of nutrients and the other diet performance. In the digestibility trial, 24 crossbred (Landrace X Large White) barrows with an initial weight of 18.7 ± 1.5 kg were used. They were kept in metabolic cages in a randomized block design using the factorial arrangement 2 X 2 (type of corn - dent and flint X type of storage - moist grain silage and dry grain) and six replicates, with one animal as the experimental unit. The values of metabolizable energy (ME) obtained were 3841 kcal of ME/kg of dry matter (DM) from dry corn, 3912 kcal of ME/kg of DM from moist corn, 4022 kcal of DM from ensiled dry corn and 3928 kcal of ME/kg of DM from ensiled humidity corn. The ensilage process increases the digestibility coefficient of dry matter and crude protein and increases the digestible energy of the diets, independent of the process form. The type of corn did not influence these variables. In the performance trial, 60 barrows (initial weight of 6.5 ± 1.5 kg) of the same stock were used during 28 days of post-weaning distributed in the same experimental design, with five replicates and three animals as the experimental unit. The treatments did not influence the daily weigh gain or the daily feed intake. The dentate corn and the ensilage process decreased the feed conversion of the independent form (no significant interaction). The substitution of dry for ensilage corn increased the digestibility of the nutrients in the diets and the feed conversion of the piglets from 7 to 15 kg. Dentate corn promotes best feed conversion in this phase.

scholarly journals Glycerol inclusion levels in corn and sunflower silages

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana de Souza Martins ◽  
Juliane Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Marili Lopes Lederer ◽  
José Luís Moletta ◽  
Shivelly Los Galetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Four Levels

Due to the seasonal cycle of forage, the use of silage to feed animals provides nutrients throughout the year. However, its quality can be improved with the inclusion of additives and other products. Glycerol is a rich source of energy and present a high efficiency of utilization by animals. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of glycerol inclusion on the chemical and fermentation characteristics of corn and sunflower silages. Two silage sources (maize and sunflower) were used and four levels of glycerol inclusion (0, 15, 30 and 45%) based on dry matter were carried out. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement with five replications. The pH values and chemical composition of corn and sunflower silages were determined. In both silages there was increment of dry matter, non-fiber carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients (TDN) added to a reduction of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber due to the glycerol inclusion. The corn silage required 45% glycerol to achieve the TDN level of the sunflower silage. The glycerol addition contributed to the increase in the nutritional value, offsetting loss of quality in the ensiling process.

scholarly journals Effect of farrowing pen size on pre-weaning performance of piglets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine D Vande Pol ◽  
Austin L Laudwig ◽  
Aaron M Gaines ◽  
Beau A Peterson ◽  
Caleb M Shull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross Fostering ◽  
Size At Birth

Abstract Litter sizes in commercial pig production have increased substantially over recent years; however, farrowing pen sizes have generally not changed over the same time period. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of farrowing pen size on piglet pre-weaning growth and mortality. Differences in pen size were created by varying the width of pens of the same length, increasing the creep area available to the piglets. The study used a total of 1,786 litters in a randomized complete block design to compare two Farrowing Pen Size treatments (FPS): Standard (pen width 1.52 m) and Increased (pen width 1.68 m). Litter sizes were equalized across treatments (12.9 ± 1.95 piglets) at 24 h after birth using cross-fostering. Litter weights were collected at birth and weaning (21.3 ± 2.08 d); pre-weaning mortality was recorded. The experimental unit was the litter; models included FPS and replicate. Farrowing Pen Size had no effect (P &gt; 0.05) on litter size at birth (12.8 and 13.0 for the Standard and Increased FPS, respectively), after cross-fostering (12.9 for both treatments), or at weaning (11.2 and 11.3, respectively). There was no effect (P &gt; 0.05) of FPS on total litter or average piglet weight at birth, after cross-fostering, and at weaning. These results suggest no benefit in piglet performance from increasing the width of farrowing pens. As litter sizes continue to increase in commercial production, further research is warranted to re-evaluate the impact of farrowing pen size on pre-weaning mortality.

scholarly journals Nutritive value of sugarcane silages with different bacterial additives and fermentation periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Francirose Shigaki ◽  
Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Paula Ribeiro Jesus ◽  
Clésio dos Santos Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
B Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fermentation Period

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of sugarcane silage with or without inoculation with P. acidipropionici or L. buchneri, over three fermentation periods. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 inoculant by fermentation period factorial arrangement (without inoculant, inoculant 1, inoculant 2; x three fermentation periods, 10, 60, 90 days). Values of pH, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose (HEM) and lignin were determined and in situ DM degradability profiles were modelled for parameters a, b and c, potential degradation (A) and effective degradability (ED). The 90 day fermentation yielded a lower pH for both inoculants. There was an interaction between inoculant and fermentation period (P < 0.05) for DM content, with a reduction in silage DM without the additive at 90 days. The CP, HEM, ADF and lignin contents of sugarcane were not influenced by the treatments. The addition of P. acidipropionici provided the lowest NDF content at 10 days and presented a higher fraction a, potential degradation and ED. At 60 days, there was no variation in soluble fraction, the control silage showed a higher fraction b, higher potential degradation and ED. At 90 days of fermentation, L. buchneri silages presented a higher fraction a, degradation rate and DE and a higher b value was obtained in the silage without inoculant. Inoculants are effective in maintaining the silage DM content and nutritional value during prolonged fermentation periods.

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