scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIDANDRUFF LOTION SHAMPOO WITH EXTRACT FRUIT SKIN AND PRESS WATER LIME (Citrus hystrix DC.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Latirah Latirah
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Lime Juice ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Hair Care ◽  
The Stability

Kaffir lime has long been used by Indonesian people for hair care. The purpose of this research is to formulate anti-dandruff shampoo with active ingredients of kaffir lime extract, and physicochemical evaluation based on the Indonesian National Standard of shampoo products. The addition of ethyl acetate extract at concentrations of 20, 30, and 40% as the active ingredient of anti-dandruff shampoo formula. All shampoo formulas showed very strong anti-dandruff activity (inhibition zone 35.67 ± 0.58 mm), but still lower than the inhibition zone of chemical-commercial shampoo (p <0.05). The lime juice extraction shampoo formula is preferred by 34 panelists (p <0.05) in the hedonic test. The results also showed that all shampoo formulas met the pH and water content requirements according to the Indonesian National Standard. Further studies are needed to determine the stability and safety of shampoo preparations.

scholarly journals Biological and physicochemical stability of ceftazidime and aminophylline on glucose parenteral solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-698
Author(s):  
Carolina Alves dos Santos ◽  
Laura Oliveira-Nascimento ◽  
Marcos Camargo Knirsch ◽  
Marco Antônio Stephano ◽  
Adalberto Pessoa Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Physicochemical Stability ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability

Ceftazidime is a broad spectrum antibiotic administered mainly by the parenteral route, and it is especially effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The period of time in which serum levels exceed the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) is an important pharmacodynamic parameter for its efficacy. One of the forms to extend this period is to administer the antibiotic by continuous infusion, after prior dilution in a Parenteral Solution (PS). The present work assessed the stability of ceftazidime in 5% glucose PS for 24 hours, combined or not with aminophylline, through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The physicochemical evaluation was accompanied by in vitro antimicrobial activity compared MIC test in the 24-hour period. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the microorganisms chosen for the MIC comparison. The HPLC analysis confirmed ceftazidime and aminophylline individual stability on PS, while the MIC values were slightly higher than the mean described in the literature. When both drugs were associated in the same PS, the ceftazidime concentration by HPLC decreased 25% after 24 hours. Not only did the MIC values show high loss of antibiotic activity within the same period, but also altered MIC values immediately after the preparation, which was not detected by HPLC. Our results indicate that this drug combination is not compatible, even if used right away, and that PS might not be the best vehicle for ceftazidime, emphasizing the importance of the MIC evaluation for drug interactions.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES BRAKE CANVAS WITH BASIC INGREDIENTS OF THE DURIAN FRUIT SKIN AND TEAK LEAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masturi Masturi ◽  
Suhardi Effendy ◽  
Afrianus Gelu ◽  
Hammam Hammam ◽  
Fianti Fianti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
National Standard ◽  
A Value ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Automotive Parts

The growth of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia affects on the demand of automotive parts. This study aims see the mechanical properties of organic brake canvas made from durian fruit skin and teak leaves. Composite making was done by smoothing durian fruit and teak leaves to become powder. The resulting powder was filtered with mesh 60 so that the particle size is the same so as to facilitate mixing. After that, simple mixing with other ingredients such as magnesium oxide and polyester resin is carried out. The printing process was carried out with a hydraulic press with a load of 4 tons for 3 hours. The brake canvas produced were tested for hardness, wear resistance, and absorbency by varying the percentage composition of the powder of durian fruit fiber and teak leaves. There are five variations in the percentage of composite material composition tested. The results obtained the percentage of the most optimum composition that has a value of hardness, wear wear resistance, and absorption capacity close to the value of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 09-0143).

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Mentha cordifolia Leaves and Their Volatile Constituents

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Sakon Monggoot ◽  
Jariya Burawat ◽  
Patcharee Pripdeevech
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
First Time

A total of 17 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from the leaves of Mentha cordifolia Opiz (Lamiaceae). Seven isolates were identified to the level of genus by using taxonomically relevant morphological traits. Colletotrichum and Phomopsis species were dominant among these strains. All strains were separated from M. cordifolia leaf for the first time. The ethyl acetate extracts of all endophytic fungi were tested for antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium TISTR1166 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR781. Most endophytes exhibited antibacterial activity. Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 presented the highest inhibition zone diameter with a MIC of 31.25 μg/mL against the tested pathogens. The chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract of this strain was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty-one components were identified. 2-Phenylethanol (38.7%), E-ligustilide (12.4%), α-eudesmol (10.2%), β-vetivone (4.6%), β-ylangene (3.7%) and verbanol (3.4%) were the major components of the extract. The strong antibacterial activity of Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 ethyl acetate extract may be attributed to the presence of a high concentration of bioactive compounds including phenyl ethyl alcohol, E-ligustilide and α-eudesmol. The results indicate that there is high diversity of endophytic fungi in M. cordifolia leaf, and that Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 strain could be an excellent resource of natural antibacterial compounds.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Indonesian Epiphytic Plant of Sarang Semut and Their Antibacterial Activity against Pathogenic Oral Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dikdik Kurnia ◽  
Dadan Sumiarsa ◽  
Hendra D.A. Dharsono ◽  
Mieke H. Satari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Steroid Glycoside ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Epiphytic Plant

A new phenolic compound (1), a steroid (2), a new steroid glycoside (4), two triterpenoids (3 & 6) and a new phloroglucinol-sesquiterpene (5) have been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Sarang Semut ( Myrmecodia pendans) and their structures were determined on the basis of the spectral data. The bioactivity evaluation was conducted with the inhibition zone of compounds (mm) using Kirby-Bauer method at concentrations of 1000 and 5000 ppm for compound 1 against pathogenic oral bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, was 8.55 and 8.05 mm, respectively. Compounds 2–3 against Streptococcus mutans were 9.00 and 8.45 mm (2) and 10.24 and 9.35 mm (3), respectively. Compound 5 against Porphyromonas gingivalis was 11.5 and 10.8 mm, respectively.

Facile Preparation of Cu/TiO2 Nanocomposite via Photocatalysis and their Antibacterial Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 645-646 ◽  
pp. 1314-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xi She ◽  
Jun Biao Long ◽  
Yuan Ming Deng ◽  
Xue Juan Wan ◽  
Ke Jun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Processing Condition ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Elemental Copper

Cu/TiO2 nanocomposite was first prepared by photocatalytic reduction according to optimal processing condition selected via orthogonal test: 2.0% of glucose, 0.25% of TiO2, 0.3% of CuCl 2 and reaction time of 12 h. Multiple characterization methods were utilized to confirm the structure of Cu/TiO2 nanocomposite, and its antibacterial property against Escherichia coli (E.coli) was then investigated in detail. The obtained Cu/TiO2 (ca. 50 nm) was composed of elemental copper, TiO2 and a small amount of unreacted CuCl2. EDTA titration and XRF indicated that solid content of Cu was about 61.68%. Antibacterial test showed that the inhibition zone diameter of Cu/TiO2 with 1% solid content is 15.77 mm and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of which is 5 mg/mL. Furthermore, Cu/TiO2 (1.0 wt%) was added into a super-hydrophilic coating for the aluminum cooling fin of air conditioner. The antibacterial ability of the fin can be significantly improved without obvious changes of hydrophilicity, which can reach the national standard (grade I).

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of endosymbiotic fungi isolated from marine sponges collected from Kotok Kecil Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012069
Author(s):  
R Trifani ◽  
Noverita ◽  
T A Hadi ◽  
E Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Stylissa Carteri ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Endosymbiont fungi from marine sponges are a rich source of medicinally active compounds. Indonesia has a huge number of marine sponges. This research was conducted to determine the antibacterial potential of endosymbiont fungi isolated from marine sponges collected from Kotok Kecil Island, Seribu Islands. The screening was conducted with two methods, the modified GIBEX and disc diffusion. Species of marine sponges were isolated, namely Petrosia sp., Stylissa carteri, Cinachyrella australiensis, Callyspongia sp., Petrosia nigrians, and Stylissa massa, and obtained 9 isolates of endosymbiont fungi. The GIBEX test against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans showed that ethyl acetate extract had strongest antibacterial activity. Disc diffusion test of ethyl acetate extract, five isolates had antibacterial activity against S. mutans and four against E. coli. The isolate that showed the strongest antibacterial activity was from Petrosia sp. Which has an inhibition zone of 8.4 mm against E. coli and 7.45 mm against S. mutans. The main active compounds from the isolate of Petrosia sp. are butylhydroxytoluene and phthalic acid di-(2-propylpentyl) esters. Based on this study, we concluded that the endosymbiont fungi of marine sponges are potential to be developed for further development as source of antibacterial agents.

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAUN PANDAN WANGI (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOLIUS ROXB.) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP SALMONELLA TYPHI

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Priska Nancy Claudia Bali ◽  
Ahmad Raif ◽  
Setia Budi Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Pandanus Amaryllifolius ◽  
Positive Controls

Pandanus amaryllifolius roxb leaves commonly used as food dditives which contain various compound groups namely alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids and tannins that have a role in antibacterial activity. This research is indicated to support the success of antibacterial in fragrant pandanus leaf plants against Salmonella typhi, one of the pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effectiveness test of ethanol-ethyl acetate extract (1: 1) of pandanus leaves which evaluated by the Kirby-bauer method and making the extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. The results showed that pandanus leaves extract had antibacterial effectiveness against Salmonella typhi with an average inhibition zone diameter of 11.6 mm; 14 mm; 14.3 mm; 15.3 mm; positive controls (Ciprofloxacin) 27 mm; and negative controls (aquadest) didn’t produce the inhibition zone of Salmonella typhi.

scholarly journals The valorization of neem leaves infused coconut oil at various concentrations for the production of natural liquid shampoo

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Rini Nurul Fauziyah ◽  
Asri Widyasanti
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Infusion Method

The liquid shampoo is a product that is generally used to clean hair and scalp. The additional active ingredient used in the liquid shampoo is neem leaves which contain polyphenols that have antibacterial effects. Neem leaves extract was made by hot infusion method with coconut oil as a solvent. The purposes of this research were to find the best concentration of neem leaves infused oil for liquid shampoo material and compare the qualities of liquid shampoo with Indonesian National Standard (SNI) of Shampoo 06-2692-1992. The method of this research was a laboratory experiment with descriptive analysis. This research was conducted in five treatments. Concentration neem leaves infused oil for liquid shampoo materials were ratio between coconut oil and neem leaves in sample A = 720:0 (w/w); B = 720:22,5 (w/w); C = 720:30 (w/w); D = 720:45 (w/w); and E = 720:90 (w/w). The result showed that all of the shampoos met the SNI of Shampoo 06-2692-1992 according to organoleptic, moisture content, and pH. The best shampoo based on organoleptic observation was shampoo C (720:30 (w/w)) with a hedonic percentage of 40%, moisture content of 69.89%, pH 7.03, and specific gravity of 1.0223 g/g. The highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus was shampoo E (720:90 (w/w)) with an inhibition zone diameter was 9.5 mm. Shampoo with the highest antibacterial activity resulted from the highest addition of coconut oils infused Neem leaves. It proved that neem leaves were effective as an additive in making shampoo to boost its antimicrobial properties.

scholarly journals Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Traditional and Industrial Lime Juice Produced in Kashan, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayda Arian ◽  
Elahe Alizadeh ◽  
Navid Mazroii ◽  
Reza Sharafati Chaleshtori
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lime Juice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Acid Tolerant

Background: Lime juice is a nutritious drink, which is generally consumed for its' refreshing properties, nutritive value, vitamin content, and health benefits. Therefore, the chemical and microbiological quality of the traditional and industrial lime juice produced in Kashan city was assessed. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 106 samples were collected and screened for total soluble solid (TSS), pH, acidic value, protein content, mold, yeast, and count of acid-tolerant bacteria according to the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI). Results: Of the total samples, 66 samples (62.26%) were within the Iran’s national standard range. Most samples that did not meet the national standard requirements, were related to traditional samples (70.24%) compared to industrial samples (31.82%, P < 0.001). No significant difference was found between pH and protein of traditional and industrial lime juice samples (P > 0.05), while TSS and acidic values in traditional lime juices were less than those of the industrial lime juice (P < 0.05). Additionally, the mold and yeast contaminations in traditional lime juices were more than industrial lime juices (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In overall, traditional lime juice samples had the most microbial and chemical contaminations. It is necessary to increase the regular monitoring by relevant organizations over quality of the produced lime juices.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK MARSHALL QUOTIENT PADA HOT MIX ASPHALT MENGGUNAKAN AGREGAT ALAM SUNGAI OPAK

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Maris Setyo Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Asphalt Quality

 ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to determine the Marshall Quotient (MQ) value of hot mix asphalt (HMA), which uses natural aggregates from the Opak river. In addition to the MQ value in this study also examines the value of stability and flow in concrete asphalt mixtures with asphalt content of 6.5%. The research method used was an experimental method in the JPTSP FT UNY road construction laboratory. The testing standard used refers to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). In addition to testing Marshall values, preliminary testing is also carried out to determine the quality of the material used. Material testing includes aggregate quality testing and asphalt quality testing. Based on the test results, the stability, flow and MQ values were 1177.01 kg, 3.20 mm and 384.05 kg/mm respectively. When compared with the requirements in the RSNI 03-1737-1989, only the flow values do not meet the requirements.Keywords: hot mix asphalt (HMA), stability, flow, marshall quotient ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai Marshall/Marshall Quotient (MQ)dari campuran aspal panas/hot mix asphalt (HMA), yang menggunakan agregat alami dari kali Opak. Selain nilai MQ pada penelitian ini juga mengkaji nilai stabilitas dan kelelehan (flow) pada campuran aspal beton dengan kadar aspal 6,5%. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimental di laboratorium konstruksi jalan JPTSP FT UNY. Standar pengujian yang digunakan mengacu Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Selain pengujian nilai Marshall juga dilakukan pengujian pendahuluan untuk mengetahui mutu material yang digunakan. Pengujian material yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian mutu agregat dan pengujian mutu aspal yang digunakan untuk campuran aspal beton. Bersarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai stabilitas, kelelehan, dan nilai Marshall berturut-turut sebesar 1171,01 kg, 3,20 mm, dan 384,05 kg/mm. Jika dibandingkan dengan persyaratan nilai stabilitas, kelelehan, dan nilai marshal yang tercantum pada RSNI 03-1737-1989, hanya nilai kelehan saja yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan. Kata kunci: hot mix asphalt (HMA), stabilitas, kelelehan, nilai marshall

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document