scholarly journals Dari Teodisi dan Antropodisi Menuju Teo-antropodisi: Mengasihi Allah dan Sesama di Tengah Pandemi COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Wiyaret Fangidae
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
New Name ◽  
God's Love ◽  
The World ◽  
Religious Aspect

Penderitaan merupakan realitas yang tak terelakkan. Kali ini, dunia berhadapan dengan pandemi COVID-19 yang menyebabkan penderitaan di beberapa aspek kehidupan manusia seperti kesehatan, sosial, ekonomi, psikologis, hingga religius. Polemik ini menghantar kita pada diskusi seputar teodisi. Teodisi merupakan paradigma yang digunakan Leibniz untuk membela kemahabaikan dan kemahakuasaan Allah di hadapan realitas penderitaan, tetapi teodisi cenderung berhenti pada ranah teori tanpa praktik. Sontag mengusung paradigma antropodisi dalam wujud solidaritas sosial yang mengedepankan praktik untuk mengkritik teodisi yang terlampau abstrak dalam membela Allah tanpa mempedulikan penderitaan manusia. Antropodisi tampaknya terlalu sosialis dan cenderung berpegang pada kemampuan manusia, sehingga mengeksklusi aspek religius dalam solidaritas sosial. Levinas merespons kegelisahan ini dengan mengusung teodisi etis. Paradigma teodisi etis digunakan Levinas untuk memperlihatkan kehadiran Allah melalui manusia yang bertanggung jawab terhadap penderitaan sesamanya. Artikel ini mengusulkan nama, pemaknaan, dan pengembangan baru terhadap teodisi etis, yaitu teo-antropodisi. Teo-antropodisi merupakan paradigma yang merangkul teodisi sekaligus antropodisi. Teo-antropodisi berusaha membuktikan kasih Allah bukan dengan pembelaan ala Leibniz yang melulu berteori atau bukan semata-mata solidaritas sosial ala Sontag yang mengedepankan praktik. Teo-antropodisi mengorelasikan teori dan praktik tersebut sama seperti iman (teodisi), tanpa perbuatan (antropodisi) adalah mati. Teo-antropodisi berfondasikan prinsip “mengasihi Allah dengan segenap hati, jiwa dan akal budi” serta “mengasihi sesama manusia seperti diri sendiri.” Suffering is an inevitable reality. This time, the world is dealing with a COVID-19 pandemic that causes suffering in several aspects of human life such as health, social, economic, psychological, and religious. This polemic leads us to a discussion around theodicy. Theodicy is a paradigm Leibniz used to defend God's benevolence and omnipotence in front of the reality of suffering, but the theories tend to stop in the realm of theory without practice. Sontag carries the paradigm of anthropodicy in the form of social solidarity that promotes the practice of criticizing the overly abstract theodicy in defense of God regardless of human suffering. Anthropodicy seems to be too socialist and tend to hold on to human abilities, thus excluding the religious aspect in social solidarity. Levinas responded to this anxiety by carrying an ethical theodicy. The ethical theodicy paradigm is used by Levinas to demonstrate God's presence through humans who took responsibility for alleviating the suffering of his neighbor. This article proposes a new name, meaning, and development of ethical theodicy, namely theo-anthropodicy. Theo-anthropodicy is a paradigm that embraces both theodicy as well as anthropodicy. Theo-anthropodicy seeks to prove God's love neither with Leibniz-style defenses that merely theorize nor with Sontag-style social solidarity that merely promotes practices. Theo-anthropodicy correlates these theories and practices in the same way that faith (theodicy), without action (anthropodicy) is dead. Theo-anthropodicy is  based on the principles of "loving God with all your heart, soul and mind" and "loving others as yourself."  

scholarly journals Building a multisystemic understanding of societal resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. e006794
Author(s):  
Didier Wernli ◽  
Mia Clausin ◽  
Nino Antulov-Fantulin ◽  
John Berezowski ◽  
Nikola Biller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
Societal Resilience ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Human Systems

The current global systemic crisis reveals how globalised societies are unprepared to face a pandemic. Beyond the dramatic loss of human life, the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered widespread disturbances in health, social, economic, environmental and governance systems in many countries across the world. Resilience describes the capacities of natural and human systems to prevent, react to and recover from shocks. Societal resilience to the current COVID-19 pandemic relates to the ability of societies in maintaining their core functions while minimising the impact of the pandemic and other societal effects. Drawing on the emerging evidence about resilience in health, social, economic, environmental and governance systems, this paper delineates a multisystemic understanding of societal resilience to COVID-19. Such an understanding provides the foundation for an integrated approach to build societal resilience to current and future pandemics.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic impact on the pharmaceutical sector in Bulgaria

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-720
Author(s):  
Veselina Ivanova ◽  
Deyan Pavlov ◽  
Tolya Assenova ◽  
Emily Terzieva ◽  
Petya Milushewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World

In December, 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, a new, unknown strain of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 was identified. The virus has spread rapidly to other countries around the world, among which the most affected were Italy, Spain and the United States. As a result, in March 2020 The WHO has declared the new coronavirus epidemic a global pandemic. Despite timely measures and efforts to reduce morbidity, up to date, confirmed cases are 119,452,269, while the number of deaths reached 2,647,662 people. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all areas of human life – health, social, economic. In each of them, a number of restrictions and obligations were imposed, including wearing of masks, use of disinfectants, education in an online environment, limited work in restaurants and shops. The health sector was particularly affected, and all actors in the pharmaceutical system had to reorganize and adapt their activities in the name of a common goal – ending the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Mujeres Creando. El cuidado como maniobra ecológica de re-existencia.

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 74-95
Author(s):  
Belén Romero Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
De Re ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Neoliberal Restructuring

El presente artículo toma cuerpo en el contexto socioambiental actual producido por el modelo civilizatorio hegemónico neoliberal, cuyo renovado extractivismo persevera en el despojo y la mercantilización de la vida humana y no humana, sometiendo las relaciones sociales, económicas, ecológicas y políticas a la lógica del capitalismo más voraz. En el reparto de las reestructuraciones neoliberales, las tareas de cuidado de las mujeres en todo el planeta han sido imprescindibles, puesto que, constituyen una de las dimensiones fundamentales de la sostenibilidad de la vida, es decir, de la reproducción social y ecosistémica. A pesar de ello, estas tareas han sido ignoradas y excluidas por el propio sistema patriarcal, colonial y capitalista mediante la invisibilización tanto de los sujetos que las realizan como de la interrelación e interdependencia ecológicas que caracterizan nuestra relación con el mundo. Desde este diagnóstico, el colectivo boliviano Mujeres Creando maniobra una visualidad descolonial, que proviene de una memoria ancestral siempre reactualizada, por medio de diferentes prácticas artísticas y culturales que reponen el cuidado en el centro. Tanto para enfrentarse al sistemaneoextractivista que se presenta como la panacea del desarrollo y la modernización en los países del Sur como para la reivindicación y consecución de una serie de derechos humanos y de ciudadanía. This paper takes shape in the current socio-environmental context produced by the neoliberal hegemonic civilizational model, whose renewed extractivism perseveres in the dispossession and commodification of human and non-human life, subjecting social, economic, ecological and political relations to the logic of the more voracious capitalism. In the distribution of neoliberal restructuring, the tasks of caring for women throughout the planet have been essential, since they constitute one of the fundamental dimensions of the sustainability of life, that is, of social and ecosystemic reproduction. In spite of this, these tasks have been ignored and excluded by the patriarchal, colonial and capitalist system through the invisibility of both the subjects that carry them out, and the ecological interrelationship and interdependence that characterize our relationship with the world. From this diagnosis, the Bolivian collective Mujeres Creando maneuvers a decolonial visuality, that comes from an always updated ancestral memory, through different artistic and cultural practices that restore care in the center. Both to face the neo-extractive system that is presented as the panacea of development and modernization in the countries of the South, and for the claim and achievement of a series ofhuman rights and citizenship.

scholarly journals Educational Security and Digital Transformation : Just a Look for Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
Mahmod Fawzy Ahmed Badawy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

The current paper aims to shed light on the issue of digital transformation, which has become a reality in large part consistent with the movement of change and the knowledge, information and digital revolution that the world is witnessing, and the great overlap that this transformation represents in all aspects and levels of interaction, whether political, social, economic, or educational. Or intellectual and ideological ... etc., and the extent of the impact of this digital transformation on human life in general, and on education, which is the direct method for societies to achieve the qualitative preparation of their members in a context of educational security, which is the guarantee for the proper formation of individuals and their formation on values ​​that drive presence and positive interaction Based on clear criteria in this context. The paper revealed the problems of digital transformation and its dangerous effects on educational security in its various dimensions, and it tries to establish a framework around which one can think to get out of this serious problem.

Marsilius von Inghen. Christliche Ethik für das Leben in der Welt

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (51) ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Schulze Manfred
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Christian Ethics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Knowledge Of God ◽  
Middle Way ◽  
God's Love ◽  
The World ◽  
Real Value ◽  
The Will ◽  
Love Of God

Marsilius of Inghen develops his concept of Christian ethics in his Commentary on the Sentences. He bases his teaching on the fundament of Aristotle’s philosophy: all human beings are able to act rationally, and therefore they are able to act morally. Against contemporary philosophical rationalisms Marsilius contends that criterion of what is good was settled by God in such an infallible way that any competitive concepts of the good and evil would be vane speculations of no real value for theology. God wants virtues so decisively that they are obligatory and natural for all humans. In accordance with the spirit of his times Marsilius distinguishes common virtues from the theological ones. Faith, hope and love differ from common virtues as they refer directly to God but they cooperate with them in that they direct man’s natural life. Marsilius focuses on the question of how love to God determines the true goodness of virtues as contrasted to the goodness of the natural virtues that can be seen in actions of Pagans; those were perceived by St Augustine as seeming virtues. Marsilius choses the middle way and he acknowledges that virtues of men who do not know and love God, are virtues with God’s aid. All that can be classified as moral depends on God. Nonetheless, those and only those natural actions that provide us with authentic knowledge of God and love to Him, can be called salutary. Marsilius was a disciple of John Buridan and knew his thesis that the will and reason, without God’s influence, can produce moral actions. Marsilius did not mention Buridan but he, though evaluating his thoughts as profound and acceptable, rejected his principal thesis: nature is not able to self-realization because sins have not left it untouched. True morality requires relation to God and it becomes actual by the love of God. The space, in which this realization takes place, is natural human life. Marsilius upholds St Augustine’s notion of ordo caritatis – its direct source is probably Peter Lombard. The love of God develops in society. Marsilius defends his concept of God’s love acting within the world against the variety of objections. Christian ethics realizes within particular social structures and necessary compromises. Ordo caritatis does not pass by the world, by contrast it establishes its order. Marsilius is not a monk like theologian, instead he is a secular theologian; and this can be perceived above all in his concept of Christian ethics that is worldly biased.

scholarly journals Evil and Meaningful Existence: A Humanistic Response through the Lens of Classical Theism

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Bonaventure B. Gubazire
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Theory ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Spiritual Guidance ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
Attitudinal Change ◽  
Classical Theism ◽  
God's Love ◽  
Meaningful Existence

This study modestly proposes a humanistic response as supplementary to classical theism in addressing concrete cases of gratuitous human suffering. Classical theism places evil in God’s divine plan of salvation for humanity. There is thus a good reason behind human suffering. However, there are times when suffering is so intense and dehumanising that any attempt to justify it in terms of God’s love for humanity fails to make sense in the lives of most people. It is at this point that a humanistic response, coupled with spiritual guidance, becomes relevant. A humanistic response expresses itself through an African ethical theory and practice known as Ubuntu. It pivots on key human values such as love, compassion, trust, consideration, dialogue, forgiveness, solidarity, justice as equity, etc. It is in a spirit of togetherness that most existential challenges can be squarely faced to make human life more meaningful. Ultimately, a humanistic response recommends a change of attitude towards human suffering. Suffering should be seen as part of what it means to Be in this finite world, and that it is in one’s struggle towards the heights that one finds a sense in living. Keywords: Evil, Classical Theism, Humanistic Response (Ubuntu), Attitudinal Change.

The Red Cross in the USSR and the World: History and Prospects

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (265) ◽  
pp. 379-383
Author(s):  
Dmitry D. Venedictov
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
World History ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
The Past ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The World ◽  
125Th Anniversary ◽  
Insight Into

Public attention is being focused worldwide on the 125th anniversary of the International Red Cross, a milestone in the evolution of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.When celebrating an anniversary, it is customary to look back into the past for a clearer understanding and appraisal of the present, and to gain insight into the future. This is particularly important as regards the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, which is one of the most significant manifestations of humanism, symbolizing the recognition that society must uphold human dignity as the supreme universal value, and the desire to avert or relieve human suffering and safeguard human life and health.

Penerapan Rinfo Sebagai Media Pendukung Untuk Proses Pembelajaran Pada Perguruan Tinggi Raharja

CCIT Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Untung Rahardja ◽  
Khanna Tiara ◽  
Ray Indra Taufik Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Civilizing Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Life Education ◽  
New Generation

Education is an important factor in human life. According to Ki Hajar Dewantara, education is a civilizing process that a business gives high values ??to the new generation in a society that is not only maintenance but also with a view to promote and develop the culture of the nobility toward human life. Education is a human investment that can be used now and in the future. One other important factor in supporting human life in addition to education, which is technology. In this globalization era, technology has touched every joint of human life. The combination of these two factors will be a new innovation in the world of education. The innovation has been implemented by Raharja College, namely the use of the method iLearning (Integrated Learning) in the learning process. Where such learning has been online based. ILearning method consists of TPI (Ten Pillars of IT iLearning). Rinfo is one of the ten pillars, where it became an official email used by the whole community’s in Raharja College to communicate with each other. Rinfo is Gmail, which is adapted from the Google platform with typical raharja.info as its domain. This Rinfo is a medium of communication, as well as a tool to support the learning process in Raharja College. Because in addition to integrated with TPi, this Rinfo was connected also support with other learning tools, such as Docs, Drive, Sites, and other supporting tools.

TO THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR TORTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.

Dakwah Melalui Pengajian Pasaran Kitab al-Hikam di Pondok Pesantren Azzainiyyah Sukabumi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-248
Author(s):  
Asep Saepul Malik
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Book Market ◽  
Interview Techniques ◽  
The World

Kegiatan dakwah ialah suatu aktivitas yang mendorong umat manusia untuk memperkuat keyakinannya kepada Allah SWT dan agar umat yang belum memeluk ajaran Islam juga dapat memeluk ajaran agama Islam dengan menggunakan cara yang bijaksana melalui materi ajaran syariat Islam, supaya mereka mendapatkan kebahagiaan di dunia dan di akhirat. Pengajian pasaran kitab al-Hikam ialah suatu kegiatan dakwah yang di pimpin langsung oleh sesepuh pondok pesantren azzayniyyah ialah KH. Aang Abdullah Zein. Pengajian kitab al-Hikam ini di dalamnya membahas tentang permasalahan kehidupan manusia seperti masalah hati (qolbu), akhlak, iman, dan Islam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui penyampayan dakwah melalui pengajian pasaran kitab al-Hikam di pondok pesantren azzayniyyah dan untuk mengetahui pesan-pesan dakwah yang ada di dalam kitab al-Hikam. Landasan teori yang digunakan ialah teori M. Munir tentang dakwah bil-Lisan al-Hal. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif, ialah dengan menggambarkan keadaan sebenarnya melalui pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, dokumentasi, dan kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dakwah melalui pengajian pasaran kitab al-Hikam yang di lakukan oleh KH. Aang Abdullah Zein di anggap cukup berhasil, karena jamaah memberikan respon yang baik atau positif dan jamaah yang hadir setiap bulan slalu meningkat atau lebih banyak.Da'wah activity is an activity that encourages mankind to strengthen his belief in Allah SWT and so that people who have not embraced the teachings of Islam can also embrace the teachings of Islam by using a wise way through Islamic teaching material, so that they get happiness in the world and the hereafter. Study of the market of the book al-Hikam is a missionary activity led directly by the azzayniyyah boarding school elders is KH. Aang Abdullah Zein. This study of al-Hikam in it discusses the problems of human life such as the problem of the heart (qolbu), morals, faith, and Islam.  Thep of this study is to determine the delivery of da'wah through the study of the market of the book al-Hikam in azzayniyyah boarding school and to find out the messages of da'wah in the book of al-Hikam. The cornerstone of the theory used is M. Munir's theory about the da'wah bil-Lisan al-Hal. This research method uses descriptive, is to describe the actual situation through data collection conducted using interview techniques, documentation, and literature. The results of this study indicate that preaching through the study of the book market al-Hikam conducted by KH. Aang Abdullah Zein was considered quite successful, because worshipers gave good or positive responses and worshipers who were present every month always increased or more.

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