scholarly journals A Multi Polarization Square Patch Antenna with a Reconfigurable Feeding Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roozbeh Rezaeipour
Keyword(s):  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Linear Polarization ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Reconfigurable Antenna ◽  
Polarization Rotation ◽  
Power Dividers ◽  
Switching Circuits ◽  
Specific Frequency ◽  
The One

<p>Rotation of polarization is the one of problem in communication with linear polarization. In fact, it can reduce the received signal strength down to -20 dB in some cases. Circular polarization is one the accessible approaches for sorting this problem due to it can be immune against polarization rotation. In this paper, proposed antenna can perform in linear and circular polarization which can be switched according to the condition of signal which is being transmitted. Consequently, environmental disruptions could not decline the quality of communication. 1) The proposed antenna is categorized in reconfigurable antennas which have different methods for implementation. First of all, the proposed antenna is a multi-polarization reconfigurable antenna that can radiate circular polarization and linear polarization on the same structure at a specific frequency. Moreover, a simple feeding network for this antenna is implemented. This antenna utilizes common power dividers for feeding the square patch. Finally, switching circuits which are used for changing polarization in this antenna are by far simple than that of existing works.</p>

scholarly journals A Multi Polarization Square Patch Antenna with a Reconfigurable Feeding Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roozbeh Rezaeipour
Keyword(s):  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Linear Polarization ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Reconfigurable Antenna ◽  
Polarization Rotation ◽  
Power Dividers ◽  
Switching Circuits ◽  
Specific Frequency ◽  
The One

<p>Rotation of polarization is the one of problem in communication with linear polarization. In fact, it can reduce the received signal strength down to -20 dB in some cases. Circular polarization is one the accessible approaches for sorting this problem due to it can be immune against polarization rotation. In this paper, proposed antenna can perform in linear and circular polarization which can be switched according to the condition of signal which is being transmitted. Consequently, environmental disruptions could not decline the quality of communication. 1) The proposed antenna is categorized in reconfigurable antennas which have different methods for implementation. First of all, the proposed antenna is a multi-polarization reconfigurable antenna that can radiate circular polarization and linear polarization on the same structure at a specific frequency. Moreover, a simple feeding network for this antenna is implemented. This antenna utilizes common power dividers for feeding the square patch. Finally, switching circuits which are used for changing polarization in this antenna are by far simple than that of existing works.</p>

scholarly journals The Rise of (Chiral) 3D Mechanical Metamaterials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Reinbold ◽  
Tobias Frenzel ◽  
Alexander Münchinger ◽  
Martin Wegener
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Lattice Constant ◽  
Linear Polarization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Polarization Rotation ◽  
Mechanical Metamaterials ◽  
The One ◽  
Crystal Lattice Constant

On the occasion of this special issue, we start by briefly outlining some of the history and future perspectives of the field of 3D metamaterials in general and 3D mechanical metamaterials in particular. Next, in the spirit of a specific example, we present our original numerical as well as experimental results on the phenomenon of acoustical activity, the mechanical counterpart of optical activity. We consider a three-dimensional chiral cubic mechanical metamaterial architecture that is different from the one that we have investigated in recent early experiments. We find even larger linear-polarization rotation angles per metamaterial crystal lattice constant than previously and a slower decrease of the effects towards the bulk limit.

scholarly journals Polarization Reconfigurable Square Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Saravanan ◽  
M. J. S. Rangachar
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Linear Polarization ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Axial Ratio ◽  
Reconfigurable Antenna ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Peak Gain

In this paper, a single fed polarization reconfigurable antenna is proposed. The antenna consists of a radiating patch incorporated with a diagonal-shaped slot at its center. Four p-i-n diodes are used for polarization reconfiguration. The p-i-n diodes are placed in diagonal slot region. The proposed antenna is designed to operate in three states – linear polarization (LP), left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) by biasing corresponding p-i-n diodes. The antenna gives measured peak gain of 6.2 dBi for LP state and 5.82 dBic for both RHCP and LHCP states. It also achieves 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 5.95% for both RHCP and LHCP configurations. The antenna finds application in areas of modern wireless communication.

A Wideband Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna Array Based on Mode Combination Method

Frequenz ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Zhuo Mu ◽  
Shen-Yun Wang ◽  
Wen-Ying Meng
Keyword(s):  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Antenna Array ◽  
Linear Polarization ◽  
Axial Ratio ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Reconfigurable Antenna ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Measurement Results

Abstract This paper reports a novel polarization-reconfigurable antenna array based on the theory of mode combination (MC), which can electronically alter its polarization states between left-hand circular polarization (LCP) mode, right-hand circular polarization (RCP) mode, and two combined linear polarization (LP) modes. The array element is adopted as the L-probes fed circularly-polarized antenna reported by Luk et al. [1]. To verify the concept, a prototype of 2×2 antenna array is manufactured and tested. By properly exciting the feeding probes, four polarization modes can be switchable. Measurement results show that the proposed antenna has an overlapped −10 dB impedance bandwidth around 34 % for both CP modes and LP(2) mode, and an overlapped 3 dB axial-ratio bandwidth around 22.0 % of the CP modes. The average realized gains are around 12.4 dB for CP modes and LP(1) mode, which remain stable in the axial-ratio bandwidth.

Evaluation of the Properties of Humus Liquid of Earthworm Eisenia Foetida Obtained from Different Rachis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro Remigio Gaibor Fernández ◽  
Abraham Adalberto Bayas Zamora ◽  
Galo Israel Muñoz Sánchez ◽  
Cristhian Adrián Rivas Santacruz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
A Value ◽  
The One ◽  
Liquid Slurry

The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the physical characteristics of the vermicompost and the quality of the purine of the red Californian (Eisenia foetida) using different substrates of feed for these worms. For this purpose, nine treatments were studied: 75% African palm rachis + 25% cattle manure, 50% African palm rachis + 50% cattle manure, 25% African palm rachis + 75% livestock manure, 50% manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 25% of manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 50% of manure of cattle, 50% of rach of coconut + 50% of manure of Livestock, 25% coccus rachis + 75% livestock manure. The substrate made up of 50% of rachis of coconut and 50% of livestock manure can be used in nurseries or nurseries for being the one that registered a value of pH 7.3 plus the closest to the neutral compared to the others, besides this (75% of oil palm rachis and 25% of cattle manure) showed a higher content of humic and fulvic acids (0.87 and 0.45 p / p, respectively), compounds that are important for agriculture by stimulating plant growth, in addition to this reflection 0.06% sulfur content, 4.0 ppm boron, 7.0 ppm copper, 47.5 ppm iron, 6.0 ppm manganese, with a presence of microorganisms of the species Trichoderma, Penicillium, Cladosporium sp. in amounts of 1.91x105 UFC / ml, however in this substrate was obtained between 13.3 and 43.5% less liquid slurry in Comparison with other treatments.

Contribution to a Magnetite Consumption in the Karviná Mine's Preparation Plant of the Lazy Plant / Příspěvek Ke Spotřebě Magnetitu Na Úpravně Dolu Karviná, Závodu Lazy

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Radim Pavlík ◽  
Vlastimil Řepka
Keyword(s):  
The One ◽  
Preparation Plant

Abstract In its introduction, this contribution deals with the usage of magnetite during the process of coal separation in the Karviná Mine's preparation plant of the Lazy Plant. Next it deals with the evaluation of quality of magnetite used in the preparation plant, losses of magnetite adhering to the products leaving the preparation plant, the recovery of a diluted suspension with focus on the efficiency of magnetite separation of the diluted suspension and the comparison of the magnetite consumption with the one in the ČSM preparation plant. In conclusions, the article presents options leading to the reduction of the magnetite consumption in the Karviná Mine's preparation plant of the Lazy plant. For comparison, the data of the ČSM Mine is stated here.

The concept of motivation for effective credit risk management

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2567-2593
Author(s):  
M.V. Pomazanov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Type I ◽  
Credit Risk Management ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Business Functions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lending Decisions ◽  
The One

Subject. The study addresses the improvement of risk management efficiency and the quality of lending decisions made by banks. Objectives. The aim is to present the bank management with a fair algorithm for risk management motivation on the one hand, and the credit management (business) on the other hand. Within the framework of the common goal to maximize risk-adjusted income from loans, this algorithm will provide guidelines for ‘risk management’ and ‘business’ functions on how to improve individual and overall efficiency. Methods. The study employs the discriminant analysis, type I and II errors, Lorentz curve modeling, statistical analysis, economic modeling. Results. The paper offers a mechanism for assessing the quality of risk management decisions as opposed to (or in support of) decisions of the lending business when approving transactions. The mechanism rests on the approach of stating type I and II errors and the corresponding classical metric of the Gini coefficient. On the ‘business’ side, the mechanism monitors the improvement or deterioration of the indicator of changes in losses in comparison with the market average. Conclusions. The study substantiates the stimulating ‘rules of the game’ between the ‘business’ and ‘risk management’ to improve the efficiency of the entire business, to optimize interactions within the framework of internal competition. It presents mathematical tools to calculate corresponding indicators of the efficiency of internally competing entities.

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