Distributional characteristic and property of passive suffix ‘-i-’, ‘-hi-’, ‘-ki-’, ‘li-’ in middle Korean.

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
Seung-Yong Shin
Keyword(s):  
Middle Korean

On the etymology of the Japanese plural suffix and its possible connection to Korean

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
Alexander Francis-Ratte
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Form ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Middle Korean

Abstract This paper presents an etymological analysis of the Japanese plural suffix tachi, Old Japanese tati. I propose that tati originates from a grammaticalization of an earlier Pre-Old Japanese phonological form *totwi, the non-bound reflex of which is the Old Japanese quasi-collective marker dwoti ‘fellow (person), everyone, together’. The reconstruction of a Pre-Old Japanese stem *totwi (Pre-Proto-Japanese /*tətəj/) with quasi-collective and plural function clarifies the possible connection of the Japanese plural suffix to the Korean plural suffix tul (Middle Korean tólh), which Whitman (1985, p. 217) proposed to be cognates but which has since been criticized on phonological and distributional grounds. I show that reconstructing the earliest form of the Japanese plural suffix as /*tətəj/ resolves each of the three phonological issues with the Japano-Koreanic comparison, creates a better morphosyntactic match between the two languages, and rules out a loanword relationship of the Japanese and Korean forms.

Numerals in the Transeurasian languages

2020 ◽  
pp. 660-690
Author(s):  
Václav Blažek
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Accuracy ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Semantic Typology ◽  
Middle Korean

This chapter presents all relevant forms of the cardinal numerals 1‒10, 20‒90, 100, and sometimes also teens and ordinals, in all described Transeurasian languages. Besides all modern languages, where maximum accuracy in transcription is preferred, the old literary and epigraphic languages (Orkhon Runic, Old Uyghur, Karakhanid, Old Oghuz, Chaghatai; Middle Mongol, Written Mongol; Jurchen, Manchu; Middle Korean; Old and Classic Japanese), are also analyzed, including some relic languages known only fragmentarily (Kuman, Old Bulgar; Kitan; Baekje, Silla; Koguryo). On the basis of regular phonetic correspondences the related forms are projected into the partial daughter protolanguages: Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, and Korean. Instead of Proto-Japonic, the Old Japanese forms serve for this purpose. Applying the comparative etymological method to the final comparison between these partial protolanguages should lead to identification of inherited cognates from borrowings in agreement with phonetic rules, semantic typology, and in the perspective of possible influences of hypothetical substrata, adstrata, and superstrata.

The Phonetic History of Korean Numerals

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Karl A. Krippes
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western Scholarship ◽  
Middle Korean

The purpose of this paper is, first, to survey the history of the linguistic study of Korean numerals. Secondly, drawing from dialectal information, Old and Middle Korean, and employing the facts of Korean historical linguistics, the proto-Silla (not proto Korean) numerals will be reconstructed. If some Korean Altaic etymologies conflict with the facts from Korean historical linguistics, the Altaic etymologies rather than the facts from Korean historical linguistics will be abandoned. This is a necessary procedure because the tendency in Korean and Western scholarship is that, no matter how much Korean historical linguistics advances, its findings are often ignored as soon as the discussion turns to Korean-Altaic linguistic comparisons.

Early Middle Korean

2012 ◽  
pp. 77-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Moon Lee ◽  
S. Robert Ramsey
Keyword(s):  
Middle Korean
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