scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK METANOL KETEPENG CINA (Cassia alata L.) TERHADAP JAMUR Candida albicans

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Ricky C. Rumayar ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean ◽  
Jainer P. Siampa
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Tree Leaves ◽  
Adhesion Test ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Physical Evaluation

ABSTRACTCandle tree is widely used traditionally as an antiparasitic and antifungal. Candle tree leaves have important ingredients such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, anthraquinones, flavonoids. This study aims to formulate, evaluate, and test the antifungal effectiveness of cream preparations with M / A cream types of methanol extract of Candle tree (cassia alata L.) leaves at a concentration of 3.5%; 5.5% and 7.5%. Antifungal effectiveness tests were performed using the diffusion method for creams with the largest antifungal activity. Then the results of testing the effectiveness of the largest antifungal cream was obtained at a concentration of 7.5% with a 9.5 mm diameter of inhibition zone. Physical evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, dispersion test, adhesion test, and cycling test. All tests are carried out before and after cyling test. The results of the cream preparation study met the physical evaluation requirements before the cycling test and after the cyling test. Antifungal cream showed organoleptic, homogeneity, pH 8, spreadability test 6.67 cm and adhesion test 27.41 seconds after storage did not change. In conclusions from the study of 3.5% concentration cream; 5.5% and 7.5% methanol extract of Candle tree leaves can be formulated as a cream preparation because it is physically stable and has strong antifungal activity. Keywords: Candle tree (cassia alata L.), Cream, Candida albicans, Antifungal  ABSTRAK Ketepeng cina banyak dimanfaatkan secara tradisional, antara lain adalah sebagai antiparasit dan antijamur Daun ketepeng cina memiliki kandungan penting seperti alkaloid, saponin, tannin, steroid, antrakuinon, flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi, mengevaluasi, serta menguji efektivitas antijamur sediaan krim dengan tipe krim M/A daun ekstrak metanol ketepeng cina (cassia alata L.) pada konsentrasi 3,5%; 5,5% dan 7,5%. Uji efektivitas antijamur dilakukan dengan metode difusi untuk krim dengan aktivitas antijamur terbesar. Kemudian dilakukan hasil pengujian efektivitas krim antijamur terbesar diperoleh pada konsentrasi 7,5% dengan diameter zona hambat 9,5 mm. evaluasi fisik sediaan meliputi uji organoleptic, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, dan uji cycling test semua pengujian dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah cyling test. Hasil  penelitian sediaan krim memenuhi persyaratan evaluasi fisik sebelum uji cycling test dan setelah cyling test. Krim antijamur memperlihatkan organoleptic, homogenitas, pH 8, uji daya sebar 6,67 cm dan uji daya lekat 27,41 detik setelah penyimpanan tidak terjadi perubahan. Kesimpulan dari penelitan pada krim konsentrasi 3,5%; 5,5% dan 7,5% ekstrak metanol daun ketepeng cina dapat diformulasi sebagai sediaan krim karena stabil secara fisik dan memiliki aktivitas antijamur yang kuat. Kata kunci : Ketepeng cina (cassia alata L.), Krim, Candida albicans, Antijamur

scholarly journals FORMULASI SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KALIANDRA (Calliandra surinamensis Benth) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Yulita Ni Nyoman Tri Sukartiningsih ◽  
Hosea Jaya Edi ◽  
Jainer P. Siampa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Adhesion Test ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Physical Evaluation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

ABSTRACT Kaliandra Leaf (Calliandra surinamensis Benth) contains flavonoid compounds, saponins and tannins which are able to inhibit the antibacterial activity. This study aims to test the antibacterial effectiveness of gel preparation of ethanol extracts of kaliandra leaf to obtain the greatest formula, and prove the Kaliandra leaf gel preparation has good physical stability. This study uses a laboratory experimental method. Gel formula is made as many as 5 formulas with variations in the concentration of 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6% of w : v. Kaliandra leaf extraction was carried out by maceration method using 96% ethanol. The antibacterial test of the ethanol extracts of Kaliandra leaf gel using the method of welling against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria produced a moderate inhibition of 7.0 ± 0.63 mm at a concentration of 6%. The physical evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic test, homogeneity test, syneresis test, scatter power test, adhesion test, pH test, cycling test, and sterility test. All tests are carried out before and after the cycling test. The results of the study on the preparation fulfilled the physical evaluation requirements before and after the cycling test. It can be concluded that the concentration of 6% of ethanol extracts of Kaliandra leaves could be formulated as a gel preparation that is physically stable and has moderate antibacterial activity. Keywords: Kaliandra (Calliandra surinamensis Benth), Gel preparations, Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial.  ABSTRAK Daun Kaliandra (Calliandra surinamensus Benth) mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan tannin yang mampu menghambat aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas antibakteri sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun Kaliandra untuk mendapatkan formula terbesar, serta membuktikan sediaan gel daun Kaliandra mempunyai stabilitas fisik yang baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental laboratorium. Formula sediaan gel dibuat sebanyak 5 formula dengan variasi konsentrasi 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, dan 6% b/v. Ekstraksi daun Kaliandra dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%.  Penelitian uji antibakteri sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun Kaliandra menggunakan metode sumuran pada bakteri staphylococcus aureus menghasilkan daya hambat yang sedang yaitu 7,0±0,63 mm pada konsentrasi 6%. Evaluasi fisik sediaan meliputi uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji sineresis, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, uji pH, uji cycling test, dan uji sterilitas. Semua pengujian dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah cycling test. Hasil penelitian sediaan memenuhi persyaratan eveluasi fisik sebelum uji cycling test dan sesudah cycling test. Dapat disimpulkan pada kosentrasi 6% ekstrak etanol daun Kaliandra dapat diformulasi sebagai sediaan gel yang stabil secara fisik dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang sedang. Kata kunci : Kaliandra (Calliandra surinamensis Benth), Sediaan Gel, Antibakteri Staphlococcous  aureus.

scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI KRIM EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polianthum (Wight) Walp.) TERHADAP JAMUR Candida albicans

PHARMACON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Sheren N. Lolowang ◽  
Paulina V.Y. Yamlean ◽  
Karlah L.R. Mansauda
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Adhesion Test ◽  
Physical Evaluation ◽  
Dispersion Test

ABSTRACT Bay leaf (Syzygium polianthum (Wight) Walp.) are used as natural medicinal ingredients because contain compounds such as flavonoid, saponin and tannin that can inhibit the growth of fungal. The purpose of this study was to test the antifungal effectiveness of bay leaf ethanol extract cream and evaluate the preparation of physical stability. The research that was carried out was laboratory experimental. Bay leaf extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. The cream preparation was made with variations in the concentration of Bay leaf ethanol extract formula 1%; 3%; 6% and 9%. The method used to test the antifungal effectiveness is the well method. The result of the antifungal test showed an average diameter value for formula I (1%) 6.67 mm; formula II (3%) 9.5 mm; formula III (6%) 10.83 mm and formula IV (9%) 15 mm. Statistical test of ethanol extract cream of Bay leaf produced the largest inhibiton zone of 15 mm at a concentration of 9%. Physical evaluation showed that the cream preparations met organoleptic requirements, homogeneity, pH 4.83, dispersion  test 5.30 cm, adhesion test 7.01 seconds. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of bay leaf can be formulated into a cream preparation that is physically stable and has strong antifungal activity.  Keywords: Bay Leaf, Antifungal Cream, Candida albicans  ABSTRAK Daun Salam (Syzygium polianthum (Wight) Walp.) dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan obat alami karena memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan tannin yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas antijamur sediaan krim ekstrak etanol daun salam dan mengevaluasi kestabilan fisik sediaan. Penelitian yang dilakukan bersifat eksperimental laboratorium. Ekstrak daun Salam diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Sediaan krim dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi formula ekstrak daun Salam  1%; 3%; 6% dan 9%. Metode yang digunakan untuk uji efektivitas antijamur yaitu metode sumuran. Hasil pengujian antijamur menunjukkan nilai diameter rata-rata pada formula I (1%) 6.67 mm; formula II (3%) 9.5 mm; formula III (6%) 10.83 mm dan formula IV (9%) 15 mm. Uji statistika krim ekstrak etanol daun salam menghasilkan zona hambat terbesar yaitu 15 mm pada formula IV konsentrasi 9%. Evaluasi fisik menunjukkan bahwa sediaan krim memenuhi persyaratan organoleptik, homogenitas, pH 4.83, daya sebar 5.30 cm, dan daya lekat 7.01 detik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun salam dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim yang stabil secara fisik dan memiliki aktivitas antijamur yang kuat. Kata kunci: Daun Salam, Krim Antijamur, Candida albicans

scholarly journals UJI POTENSI ANTIJAMUR CANDIDA ALBICANS EKSTRAK DAUN GELINGGANG (CASSIA ALATA L.) DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN SEDIAAN DAUN SIRIH YANG BEREDAR DI PASARAN SECARA IN VITRO

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Yustini Alioes ◽  
Amalia Kartika
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRAK           Candida albicansmerupakan salah satu contoh mikroorganisme patogenik penyebab infeksi pada bagianlumenorgan tubuh manusia yang berbentuk saluran. Candida albicanspada saluran reproduksi dan saluran urinaria wanita sering dikenal dengan “penyakit keputihan”. Salah satu cara mengatasi munculnya keputihan adalah dengan membersihkan daerah kewanitaan menggunakan larutan antiseptik seperti povidone iodine. Masyarakat pada umumnya juga menggunakan sediaan daun sirih yang telah beredar di pasaran. Sediaan ini juga dikenal sebagai antiseptik sehingga dapat menghambat pertumbuhan C. Albicans,selain daun sirih (Piper bitleL.), ternyata daun gelinggang atau ketepeng cina (Cassia alataL.) juga memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan antijamur.           Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan isolat jamur C.albicans. Proses ekstraksi daun gelinggang dilakukan dengan teknik maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, alkohol 96%, dietil eter, dan infusa. Ekstrak dan SDS diuji aktivitas antijamurnya dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar menggunakan kertas cakram. Analisis uji ini dilakukan dengan mengukur zona hambatan ekstrak dan sediaan daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan jamur.          Analisis nilai persentase aktivitas zona hambat ekstrak metanol daun C.alata menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan dengan SDS 1 (asymp. Sig.= 0,245) dan dengan SDS 2 (asymp. Sig. = 0,882) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamurC.albicans.Ekstrak metanol daun gelinggang memiliki efektifitas yang hampir sama dengan dua kelompok perlakuan SDS yang beredar di pasaran(SDS 1 dan SDS 2).Kata kunci: Antijamur, Candida albicans, sediaan daun sirih (SDS), ekstrak daun Gelinggang (Cassia alata L.). ABSTRACT Candida albicans is one of pathogenic microorganisms that cause infections in the lumen of the organs of human body in the shape of the channel. Candida albicans in the reproductive tract and women urunaria tract is often known as "diseases of vaginal discharge". One way of overcoming the appearance of vaginal discharge is to clean the area using an antiseptic solution of femininity such as povidone iodine. Society in General also use material of betel leaf that has been circulating in the market. This material is also known as an antiseptic so that it can inhibit the growth of C. albicans. In addition to the betel leaf (Piper bitle l.), turns the leaves gelinggang or Chinese ketepeng (Cassia alata L.) also has antibacterial and antifungal activity.             The objective of this study was to compare the test potential antifungal Candida albicans gelinggang leaves (Cassia alata L.) with material of betel leaf that already circulating in the market(SDS).This research is experimental research using fungal isolates of C. albicans. The extraction process of leaf gelinggang done with the technique of maceration using methanol solvent, 96% alcohol, diethyl ether, and infusa. Extract and SDS tested of antifungal activity by using diffusion method using paper discs. The analysis of the test is done by measuring the resistance zone extracts and preparations betel leaf against mold growth.         The analysis of the value of the percentage of the activity of the methanol extracts of the leaves of the inhibitory zones c. alata indicates the absence of a significant difference with the SDS 1 (asymp. Sig. = 0.245) and with SDS 2 (asymp. Sig. = 0.882) in inhibiting the growth of c. albicans yeast.The methanol extract of gelinggang leaves treatment has effectiveness similar to the treatment of the two groups of SDS (SDS 1 and SDS 2) that is circulating in the market.Keywords: Antifungal preparations, Candida albicans, Betel leaf (SDS), Gelinggang leaf extract (Cassia alata L.).

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE AND CANDIDA ALBICANS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Titik Taufikurohmah ◽  
Tasha Anandya Tantyani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Fungal Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Response ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

This Research on the antibacterial and antifungal activity of nanosilver against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Candida albincas fungi has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine antibacterial activity of nanosilver against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and antifungal activity against Candida albincas. Synthesis Nanosilver uses bottom up method and characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Nanosliver concentrations used were 30, 40, 50, and 60 ppm. Antibacterial and antifungal activity tests using disk diffusion method. Observations obtained in form of the presence or absence of clear zones formed around paper discs indicate the inhibition of nanosilver on microbial growth. The results of testing the antifungal activity of Candida albicans on nanosilver with concentrations of 30, 40, 50 and 60 ppm resulted in clear zones of 9.73 nm, 11.46 nm, 11.93 nm, and 13 nm with fungal inhibition response categories is medium and strong. The results antibacterial activity test of Neisseria gonorrhoeae on nanosilver with concentrations of 30, 40, 50 and 60 ppm did not show any clear zone around the disc, it showed that nanosilver in this study did not have antibacterial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil of Echinops kebericho Mesfin: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tamirat Bekele Beressa ◽  
Serawit Deyno ◽  
Paul E. Alele
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Standard Drug

Background. Echinops kebericho is an endemic medicinal plant in Ethiopia widely used in the treatment of infectious and noninfectious diseases. Essential oils are known for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, and antioxidant properties. This study evaluated the antifungal activity of essential oil from E. kebericho against four common pathogenic fungi and two standard strains. Methods. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. The antifungal screening was done by agar well diffusion method. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by broth microdilution. Minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) were determined by subculturing fungal strains with no visible growth onto a Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) plate. Results. Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans were highly sensitive while Aspergillus flavus did not show sensitivity up to 1 mg/ml of essential oil; MICs ranged from 0.083 mg/ml to 0.208 mg/ml. Concentration and fungal species showed significant dose-dependent associations ( p < 0.0001 ) with antifungal activity. The MICs of essential oil were comparable to those of the standard drug (fluconazole) against C. glabrata and C. krusei. The lowest MFC of the essential oil was observed against Candida parapsilosis (0.145 mg/ml) while the highest MFC was against Candida krusei (0.667 mg/ml). Conclusion. Echinops kebericho essential oil showed noteworthy antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata and could be a potential candidate for further antifungal drug development.

scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN CENDANA (Santalum album L.) SEBAGAI SENYAWA PENGHAMBAT JAMUR Candida albicans

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
K. Swandiyasa ◽  
N. M. Puspawati ◽  
I. A. R. A. Asih
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Web Database ◽  
Nail Diseases ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Santalum Album L ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Diseases caused by C. albicans (C. albicans) such as mouth, skin and nail  diseases are still commonly found in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine antifungal activity of n-hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol extracts of Santalum album (S.album) leaves in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of the most active extract as well as to identify their active compounds. Antifungal activity testing was carried out using disc diffusion method and identification of active compound was performed using LC-MS /MS. Extraction of 1 kg sandalwood leaf powder with methanol yielded 86.80 gram of crude methanol extract. Partiiton 40 gram of the crude methanol extract with n-hexane, chloroform, and n-buthanol gave 12.60, 6.20 and 1.20 g of extracts respectively. The antifungal activity test results revealed that n-hexane extract was the most active in inhibiting the growth of C.albicans with inhibitory diameter of 13 mm as compared to chloroform 9 mm and n-buthanol 8 mm. The active n-hexane extract which is active as an antifungal is then made various variations to obtain a minimum inhibitory. The n-hexane extract, at concentrations of 95, 90 and 85% inhibited the growth of C.albican with inhibitory diameter of 12.04, 15.8, and 13 mm respectively. While at the concentarion of 80 % showed minimum inhibitory diameter of 9.32 mm. Based on analysis mass spectra of two peaks of LC-MS / MS chromatogram with MassLynx V4.1 programe and Chemspider web database suggested the presence of benzofurazan and picolylamine compounds which may contribute to the antifungal activityof n-hexane extract of S.album. Keywords: Sandalwood (Santalum album L.), antifungal, C. albicans, n-Hexane, LC-MS/MS

scholarly journals An evaluation of the antifungal activity of some local medicinal plants against growth of Candida albicans in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
J.S. Al-Hussaini, and A. M. G. Al-Mohana
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Elettaria Cardamomum ◽  
Local Plants

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of three local plants ( Elettaria cardamomum, Aloe vera, Thyme Vulgaris) against the growth of pathogenic Candida albicans in culture media. The antifungal activity was carried out by using agar well diffusion method. Ethanolic extracts of Elettaria cardamomum and Aloe vera inhibited the growth of Candida albicans isolates at all concentrations which tested in the present study (25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 400) mg/ml, while the extract of Thymus vulgaris showed no activity against tested Candida albicans

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Cyperus rotundus Leaf Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
EO Agbo ◽  
JO Ogenyi ◽  
CA Adah ◽  
CT Agber
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Study Results

Cyperus rotundus, a member of family Cyperaceae is a perennial, stoloniferous herb. The study investigated the secondary metabolites present in the leaf of Cyperus rotundus and antimicrobial activities of the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and terpenoids. The qualitative test of the extracts show the presence of steroid only in the hexane extract; flavonoid, cardiac glycoside in both the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts; saponin and tannin and phenolics in just the methanol extract. While alkaloid was present in all the extracts, terpenoid was absent in all. Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts were monitored using the agar disk-diffusion method against strains gram-positive bacterial: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Salmonela typhi, and strains of fungi: Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was monitored at different concentrations of 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 mg/mL prepared from the stock concentration (100mg/mL) by serial dilution; with standard drugs: ciprofloxacin and fluconazole. The inhibition of the test organisms were concentration dependent. The methanol extract showed significantly higher Inhibition Zone (IZ) and Activity Index (AI) against the microbes at all concentrations compared to the ethyl acetate and hexane extracts due to the much phytochemicals (saponins, tanins, phenols, flavonoids, cardiac glycocides and alkaloids) found present in its extract. The overall study results signify the potential of Cyperus rotundus as a source of therapeutic agents. The methanol extract showed the best activity against both bacterial and fungal pathogens at the highest concentration of 100 mg/mL, especially the most susceptible bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (IZ of 25.0±1.5; AI of 0.96) and Candida albicans (IZ of 25.5±0.5; AI of 0.91). At MIC, MBC and MFC of 6.25 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL, the plant extracts showed effective bactericidal and fungicidal effect against the test microbes.

scholarly journals The Effects of Tormentic Acid and Extracts from Callistemon citrinus on Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis Growth and Inhibition of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Candida albicans

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Chido Bvumbi ◽  
Godloves Fru Chi ◽  
Marc Y. Stevens ◽  
Molly Mombeshora ◽  
Stanley Mukanganyama
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Ergosterol Content ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Tormentic Acid

Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis are the leading causes of human fungal infections worldwide. There is an increase in resistance of Candida pathogens to existing antifungal drugs leading to a need to find new sources of antifungal agents. Tormentic acid has been isolated from different plants including Callistemon citrinus and has been found to possess antimicrobial properties, including antifungal activity. The study aimed to determine the effects of tormentic and extracts from C. citrinus on C. albicans and C. tropicalis and a possible mode of action. The extracts and tormentic acid were screened for antifungal activity using the broth microdilution method. The growth of both species was inhibited by the extracts, and C. albicans was more susceptible to the extract compared to C. tropicalis. The growth of C. albicans was inhibited by 80% at 100 μg/ml of both the DCM: methanol extract and the ethanol: water extract. Tormentic acid reduced the growth of C. albicans by 72% at 100 μg/ml. The effects of the extracts and tormentic acid on ergosterol content in C. albicans were determined using a UV/Vis scanning spectrophotometer. At concentrations of tormentic acid of 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, and 200 μg/ml, the content of ergosterol was decreased by 22%, 36%, 48%, and 78%, respectively. Similarly, the DCM: methanol extract at 100 μg/ml and 200 μg/ml decreased the content by 78% and 88%, respectively. A dose-dependent decrease in ergosterol content was observed in cells exposed to miconazole with a 25 μg/ml concentration causing a 100% decrease in ergosterol content. Therefore, tormentic acid inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol in C. albicans. Modifications of the structure of tormentic acid to increase its antifungal potency may be explored in further studies.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Senna alata, Senna bicapsularis and Pityrogramma calomelanos

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Florencia Guerra ◽  
Abdullah Adil Ansari ◽  
Rajini Kurup ◽  
Gomathinayagam Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Phytochemical Extraction ◽  
Pityrogramma Calomelanos ◽  
Senna Alata

Aims: Senna alata (Carrion crow bush), Senna bicapsularis (Money bush) and Pityrogramma calomelanos (Wild maran) are known for their value in traditional medicine. The study was an effort to identify, environment friendly antifungal compounds from these locally available plants against fungal pathogen Curvularia lunata. Study Design: An experiment based study done to identify antifungal property and phytochemical identification of C. lunata. Place and Duration of Study: Plants were collected from the coastal areas of Guyana and identified at the Biodiversity Center, University of Guyana, Guyana between January 2017- May 2017. Methodology: Phytochemical extraction was conducted using soxhlet and rotovap apparatus. Hexane, methanol and aqueous extracts of plants were analyzed for antifungal properties. Antifungal activity was tested using the poisoned food and well diffusion technique. Data analysis of the study was done using R-Studio Program for statistical computing and graphics. A Tukey test was done along with ANOVA and Boxplots. Results: Methanol extract of P. calomelanos showed maximum antifungal activity with an inhibition percentage of 60.3% at 400 µl, with poison food technique. With well diffusion method, P. calomelanos showed an inhibition zone of 54 mm at 500 µl. Saponins, steroids and glycosides were identified with methanol extract of P. calomelanos. Conclusion: The finding of this study indicates, the possible use of P. calomelanos extract as an antifungal agent against C. lunata and its potential to control fungal plant diseases.

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