OCCUPATIONAL SHIFTS IN POLAND TILL 2022 -TOWARDS LABOUR MARKET POLARISATION?

2018 ◽  
Vol Vol 17 (Vol 17, No 1 (2018)) ◽  
pp. 3-18
Author(s):  
Lukasz Arendt ◽  
Artur Gajdos
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
New Challenges

The paper focuses on changes in the occupational and skills structure of the employment in Poland. It elaborates on the drivers of these changes - from technical change and educational upgrading to institutional reforms - putting much attention to the hypothesis oflabour market polarisation. The paper pre-sentsthe future developments in labour demand, based on the employment forecast by occupational groups and skills till 2022. It comments on new challenges and possible tensions that may have place within some segments of the Polish labour market, resulting from the mismatch between skills demand and supply.

scholarly journals Better understanding of the labour market using Big Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-692
Author(s):  
Alena Vankevich ◽  
Iryna Kalinouskaya
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
New Information ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Making

Motivation: As the result of digitalisation of the economy, the number of Internet users is increasing, which leads to an increase in the number of vacancies posted on online platforms and services. The description of vacancies includes information about skills and competencies, which is the source of additional data for the labour market analysis. This information cannot be received through the analysis of statistical and administrative data. Therefore, it is important: — to learn how to evaluate new information sources, and use the data they generate; — to develop tools that people and organizations will use for finding an employee or a vacant post. The study focuses on the analysis and forecast of labour demand in the context of skills and competencies, which significantly enriches and adds to the information about the labour market and facilitates effective decision-making. Aim: The main goals of this article are the following: (1) identification of the methodological approaches in the labour market analyses using Big Data; (2) assessment of the labour demand and labour supply in the context of skills and competencies listed in the vacancy description posted on job portals; and (3) determination of the matches (mismatches) between skills and competencies in order to help the companies and individuals get better employment and education. Empirical data used in the research were collected from the description of job vacancies (16 401 vacancies) and CVs (227 215 CVs) from the most popular open job portals in Belarus through the scraping approach and classified according to the ESCO and ISCO codes. Quantitative analysis by the means of artificial intelligence was used in the research. Results: The study results revealed that the information about the volume and structure of skills and competencies obtained by scraping data from vacancy descriptions and Cvs, which are posted on online portals, allows for more precise diagnostics of labour demand and supply and overcoming of bilateral information asymmetry in the labour market. Based on the analysis, the parameters of scarcity and excess in competencies for individual occupations in the labour market are determined (the level of the correlation ratio between applicants’ competencies and those requested by employers in the context of occupations (four digits according to the ISCO classification) is less 0.8; the deviation of the ranks of competencies listed in CVs and vacancy descriptions according to the ESCO groups of skills/competencies and a sign of revealed deviations). The methodology is developed to set areas for necessary knowledge acquisition (by the analysis of competencies listed in CVs and vacancy descriptions at the 3rd and 4th digit level of ISCED classification) and skills (by the analysis of competencies at the 2nd digit level in ESCO groups). The paper illustrates limitations in using Big Data as an empirical database and explains the measures to eliminate those limitations.

scholarly journals L’offre de travail dans le modèle CANDIDE : un commentaire

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Bernard Fortin ◽  
Jean-François Gautrin
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Labour Economics ◽  
Structure Problem ◽  
Lag Structure ◽  
Variable Problem

Abstract The paper is a brief critical evaluation of the treatment of the "supply of labour" in the CANDIDE model. The authors note that the "supply of labour block" does not occur to have retained much of the effort of the CANDIDE developing team. With regards to the specification of the equation of supply of labour, no attempts have been made to integrate new developments in labour economics (a better treatment of the secondary workers supply of labour, a Fisherian utility maximising approach). We note certain econometric difficulties which have not been overcome: The limited dependant variable problem, the lag structure problem… Finally, though it is encouraging to see attempts in macro-economic models to integrate explicitly a labour demand and supply block with a certain disagregation, important economic problems in the labour market can be dealt only with much more flexible and disagregated models than CANDIDE.

Mismatch-Arbeitslosigkeit auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Franck
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Employment Service ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
German Regions

Regional spread of mismatch unemployment on the German labour market and conclusions for policies of the Federal Employment Service. A lot of labour market researchers argue that the main problem behind the high unemployment rate in Germany is the mismatch between labour demand and supply. This article, however, shows that such a thesis ignores the spatial dimension and can only be verified for some of the German regions. Labour demand deficiency is at least of equal importance in many other regions. The article identifies which problem is dominant in which region and explains what kind of labour market policies should be therefore preferred respectively.

Integration of Al-Fill Processes for Contacts and VIAS

1996 ◽  
Vol 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Chip Design ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Pattern Density ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Damascene Interconnects ◽  
Low K ◽  
Electrical Data

AbstractToday different Al-fill techniques are used for the fill of submicron contacts and vias. The integration aspects of the most promising approaches, Al-reflow, cold/hot Al-planarization and high pressure Al-fill (Forcefill) are compared to the widely used W-plug technique. The filling properties are discussed with respect to future applications in ULSI devices. Special attention is given to the barrier stability in contacts and the influence on patterning. Various electrical data and reliability results are compared to metallizations with W-plugs. The implications of the Al-fill processes on chip design, especially on the size and shape of holes, the pattern density, the possibility of producing stacked contacts/vias and the metal to contact/via overlap are considered also. In an outlook for future developments, e.g. the introduction of low k dielectrics, the inverse metallization architecture with (dual) damascene interconnects and the emerging Cu metallizations, Alfill processes are facing new challenges which will be discussed.

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