Mismatch-Arbeitslosigkeit auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Franck
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Employment Service ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
German Regions

Regional spread of mismatch unemployment on the German labour market and conclusions for policies of the Federal Employment Service. A lot of labour market researchers argue that the main problem behind the high unemployment rate in Germany is the mismatch between labour demand and supply. This article, however, shows that such a thesis ignores the spatial dimension and can only be verified for some of the German regions. Labour demand deficiency is at least of equal importance in many other regions. The article identifies which problem is dominant in which region and explains what kind of labour market policies should be therefore preferred respectively.

scholarly journals Policy of the labour market and employment strategy

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jova Radic
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Labour Legislation

In terms of economy, it is practically impossible to tackle separately the issues of unemployment and labor market, Only in the non-market economy environment that existed till the very end of the past century the issue of human resources employment was treated as a dominant ideological and political issue. That resulted in inherited high rate of hidden unemployment, low labour productivity, technological gap in relation to the countries with the developed market economy, imbalanced regional development, and the like. People's psychological fear from unemployment resisted the reestablishment of the labour market. Many of them have experienced stressful job losses. Regretfully, in the first years of the market reestablish men t, due to well-known circumstances, new jobs have been created much slower than the surplus jobs have been eliminated in the rationalization process. That additionally increased the fear from unemployment and resistance to necessary transformation of labour legislation which should free the labour market from inflexible administrative restrictions. High unemployment rate does not characterize only the less developed countries. We have highlighted the problem in the EU member states, as well. Although we have not conducted a detailed empirical analysis, we have concluded that the issue of labour market functioning and unemployment have been the major internal problem for EU for many years now. EU plans to reach full employment in the foreseeable future. To reach the set goal, the labour legislation is being changed in terms of further labour market liberalization and achievement of flexible employment; establishment of European institutions with the task to tackle unemployment problems; and allocation of significant resources to finance employment programmes through structuring funds, first of all the European Social Fund. The general conclusion and the message to be drawn out of this paper are in that that the government and its social partners should, each in their domain of responsibility, do their best to free still hidden potentials of the labour market. In order to keep his job or to return to the work environment, a worker should master new competences and skills, and his employer should feel free to make decisions regarding his employees as much as he is free to choose work technology or the product he is going to produce. Of course, the labour market, particularly in high unemployment rate environment, does not imply employer's unlimited self-will toward his employees. Humane attitude and the heritage of the democratic world, which include equality among people without any kind of discrimination, gender equality, free movement, health care, right to social welfare, education, and the like, should be the leading principles. After all, EU has in its Social Welfare Charter clearly expressed its attitude toward man and his rights.

scholarly journals Implementing the Resource Sharing Innovation Model to Sustainably Address the High Unemployment Rate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Dwi Suseno ◽  
Furtasan Ali Yusuf ◽  
Syamsul Hidayat ◽  
Dewi Surani
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Development Center ◽  
The Relationship

There is a paradoxical condition in which Banten Province is an area with an abundance of manufacturing companies, but has a high unemployment rate. So it is important to carry out research to provide innovative and sustainable policy mix recommendations for local governments. This study aims to analyze (1) the relationship between training revolving funds and the competence of vocational school graduates, (2) the relationship between training revolving funds and the skill development center, (3) the relationship between the competence of vocational school graduates and the skill development center, (4) the relationship between the competence of vocational education graduates and resource sharing innovation, (5) the relationship between resource sharing innovation and skill development centers, (6) resource sharing innovation with industrial human competitiveness, and (7) the effect of development center skills on industrial human competitiveness. This study used Research and Development (R&D) methods with participants from selected companies who were willing to accept vocational graduates as apprentices. After the data were collected, they were processed using the IBM AMOS 2.2 application. The findings were confirmed through triangulation with the person in charge of apprenticeships at the seven participating companies. The willingness to do resource sharing innovation (RSI) had an effect on the competitiveness of industrial people. Based on these results, it can be concluded that RSI, offered as a novelty, can increase the competitiveness of industrial people. These results can be used to overcome the high unemployment rate through RSI from companies in the region providing business convenience incentives. Keywords: resource sharing innovation, unemployment, sustainability

scholarly journals The high unemployment rate in Britain during the interwar period

2021 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Yifei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
World War ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unemployment Problem

World War I (WWI) causes irreversible consequences on the British economy, and Britain has experienced the most severe economic crisis in the 1920s. This paper aims to explain the causes of unemployment in Britain in the years between the wars and why that problem persisted for much of that period. This paper will describe the causes of unemployment by analyzing how World War I affected the British exports market. Then this essay will move on by exploring how the economic policy of Britain after World War II(WWII) damages the exports market and creates high unemployment. In addition, this paper will also discuss the relationship between the change in the labour market in World War I and the unemployment problem. Finally, this paper will illustrate why the unemployment problem persists by exploring regional and industrial unemployment issues.

scholarly journals On the factors affecting start-up intention of Millennials in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AISDL
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years, the problem in high unemployment rate after graduating was an alarming and hot issue in Vietnam. In this scene, the significant appearing of entrepreneurial activities is considered as a measure which can be implemented to address the serious problem and the research which is relative to start-up behaviors in Vietnam is necessary to conduct. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the effect of intrinsic capital and to figure out exactly percentages influence of each variable (Hope, Resilience, Optimism, and Self-efficacy) on entrepreneurial intention among Millennial. To analyze hypotheses, 321 questionnaires were collected randomly through online and offline surveys to test the relationship between inside psycho and thinking through using of SPSS Multiple Regression. The outcome of analysis has already covered that three of four sub-components i.e., hope, resilience, and self-efficacy contained the positive correlation on the intention of entrepreneurship. From a different angle, the optimism did not have a meaningful impact on dependent factors. However, due to the fact that optimism contributed essentially to the prediction of resilient behaviors, optimism can impact intention indirectly through resilience.

scholarly journals THE ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF SOCIAL-LABOR RELATIONS IN THE REGION

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Nataliia Slivinska
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Collective Agreement ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Specific Factors

In the article the features of functioning of sociallabour relations are investigational in an agrarian region, the important problems of their development that results in regional differences in quality of life of population are educed. A labour-market to the Ternopil area depends on changes in an economy, demographic and social tendencies, and also from the row of other specific factors (level of remuneration of labour, seasonal character of production, disbalance at the market of labour, labour migration, "shadow employment" and other) that became reasons of origin of disproportions in development of sociallabour relations in a region. By basic factors that predetermined the origin of sociallabour divergences (conflicts) in a region were : debt from payment of salary; non-fulfillment of conditions of the collective agreement; non-fulfillment of requirements of legislation is about labour. For today in a region the different models of relations are widespread between workers and employers, but their basic maintenance is prevailing of side of employers. In the article the issues of the day of functioning of sociallabour relations are certain in a region, namely: socially unfair salary and excessive differentiation in the acuestss of population; transformation of institute of employment; a force underemployment (of work is in the conditions of incomplete workday (of week), of vacation without maintenance of salary; existence of shadow employment; high unemployment rate; violation and ignoring of terms of collective labour agreements (of agreements) by employers, violation of labour rights and ignoring of necessities of the hired workers; total increase of mistrust to the employers, leaders of enterprises, leaders of trade unions, dependence of trade unions on will of employers. In the article events offer in relation to the improvement of adjusting of sociallabour relations under act of changes in the field of employment.

scholarly journals Transitions and Threats to Family from the Standpoint of People in Their Thirties

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Marzec
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Basic Family ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Quality Of Living ◽  
Plan Birth

Abstract The aim of this study is to present certain aspects connected with transformation of contemporary Polish families and to indicate threats to performing their functions. Systematic, economic, social and cultural transformations have influenced lives of people and families and new opportunities emerged to improve standards of living, change attitudes and lifestyles. Contemporary families are characterized by varied structure and dominance of non-productive families formed primarily on non-economic grounds, which control and plan birth of children. However, families are facing a number of challenges and threats that affect performing the basic family functions. High unemployment rate, poverty, violence and addictions are only part of the phenomena that negatively affect quality of living of Polish families. This study presents opinions of young people about transitions and threats concerning family functions.

scholarly journals Employee engagement in Nigeria: The role of leaders and boundary variables

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okechukwu E. Amah
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Organisational Support ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Favourable Environment

Orientation: Engaged employees make a valuable contribution to organisational agility and productivity in challenging business environments. Hence, identifying factors that enhance employee engagement is important in the Nigerian context.Research purpose: The objectives of this study were to show that various leadership styles have different effects on employee engagement, and that the employee voice and the perception of organisational support are boundary variables through which leadership style affects employee engagement.Motivation for the study: High unemployment rate and job insecurity in Nigeria make it necessary to determine leadership styles and other factors that enhance employee engagement.Research design, approach and method: Cross-sectional survey design was used with samples taken from organisations located in Lagos, Nigeria (n = 300). Existing measures of study variables that have been validated were used for the study. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and structural equation modelling techniques were used for data analysis.Main findings: The relationship between leadership style and employee engagement is not direct but mediated through boundary variables, employee voice and perception of organisational support. Servant leadership style has the highest total effect on employee engagement. Autocratic style is detrimental to the engagement of employees. Encouraging employee voice enhances the employee’s perception of the organisation as supportive.Practical/managerial implications: Though leadership is known to be the main driver of employee engagement, not all leadership styles enhance employee engagement. The effect of leadership on employee engagement is influenced by the favourable environment created by the leader’s behaviour. Organisations must use the determination of potential leadership style as recruitment tool for new managers and those to be promoted. The performance evaluation of leaders must include behavioural factors that capture leaders’ ability to create a favourable environment that encourages the employee voice and perception of organisation as supportive.Contribution/value-add: Leadership styles are not equally effective in enhancing employee engagement. There are boundary variables arising from the environment created by leadership behaviour that enhance the effect of leadership style on employee engagement. The study was performed in Nigeria where high unemployment rate and job insecurity created a unique challenge in getting employees engaged.

scholarly journals Better understanding of the labour market using Big Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-692
Author(s):  
Alena Vankevich ◽  
Iryna Kalinouskaya
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
New Information ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Making

Motivation: As the result of digitalisation of the economy, the number of Internet users is increasing, which leads to an increase in the number of vacancies posted on online platforms and services. The description of vacancies includes information about skills and competencies, which is the source of additional data for the labour market analysis. This information cannot be received through the analysis of statistical and administrative data. Therefore, it is important: — to learn how to evaluate new information sources, and use the data they generate; — to develop tools that people and organizations will use for finding an employee or a vacant post. The study focuses on the analysis and forecast of labour demand in the context of skills and competencies, which significantly enriches and adds to the information about the labour market and facilitates effective decision-making. Aim: The main goals of this article are the following: (1) identification of the methodological approaches in the labour market analyses using Big Data; (2) assessment of the labour demand and labour supply in the context of skills and competencies listed in the vacancy description posted on job portals; and (3) determination of the matches (mismatches) between skills and competencies in order to help the companies and individuals get better employment and education. Empirical data used in the research were collected from the description of job vacancies (16 401 vacancies) and CVs (227 215 CVs) from the most popular open job portals in Belarus through the scraping approach and classified according to the ESCO and ISCO codes. Quantitative analysis by the means of artificial intelligence was used in the research. Results: The study results revealed that the information about the volume and structure of skills and competencies obtained by scraping data from vacancy descriptions and Cvs, which are posted on online portals, allows for more precise diagnostics of labour demand and supply and overcoming of bilateral information asymmetry in the labour market. Based on the analysis, the parameters of scarcity and excess in competencies for individual occupations in the labour market are determined (the level of the correlation ratio between applicants’ competencies and those requested by employers in the context of occupations (four digits according to the ISCO classification) is less 0.8; the deviation of the ranks of competencies listed in CVs and vacancy descriptions according to the ESCO groups of skills/competencies and a sign of revealed deviations). The methodology is developed to set areas for necessary knowledge acquisition (by the analysis of competencies listed in CVs and vacancy descriptions at the 3rd and 4th digit level of ISCED classification) and skills (by the analysis of competencies at the 2nd digit level in ESCO groups). The paper illustrates limitations in using Big Data as an empirical database and explains the measures to eliminate those limitations.

scholarly journals The influence of employment and occupation on a household's net equity

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 730-748
Author(s):  
Hermanus Combrink ◽  
Jan Venter
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Equity Values ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Net Equity ◽  
Using Data

Many South Africans are faced with the reality of poverty. Studies have shown that one of the best ways to alleviate poverty is through employment. Considering South Africa’s high unemployment rate, it is clear that unemployment contributes to poverty and low household net wealth. Using data obtained from a representative omnibus sample, this paper analysed the effect of employment status on a household’s net equity (assets minus liabilities). Whilst being employed did statistically significantly influence the household’s net equity, there was an almost equal distribution of households over the net equity quintiles, indicating that employment status alone is not a guarantee of economic emancipation. In order to determine the cause of the equal distribution, the paper investigated whether the occupation in which a person is employed might assist in explaining the differences in the net equity values. It was found that being employed in certain occupations did to a statistically significant degree explain the differences in the net equity of households, with the households of persons employed in scarce skills occupations, on average, having a significantly higher net equity than the households of persons employed in a non-scarce skills occupation.

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