scholarly journals DYEING OF SILK YARN WITH EXTRACT FROM OLD LEAVES OF ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Nurul Ain Ali ◽  
Basitah Taif
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Aluminium Sulfate ◽  
Brown Colour ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
And Control ◽  
Silk Yarn

Jackfruit leaves are a renewable resource where there are frequently removed from the tree. However, its ability in utilising for natural coloration is beyond potential. In this research, old leaves from Jackfruits (Artocarpus Heterophyllus) was studied to uncover the dyeing capabilities on silk yarn. The modern extraction method through micro-wave oven was applied in three procedures pre mordanting and dyeing, simultaneous mordanting, and post mordanting. The established natural colours have been studies on its dyeing ability on silk yarn by using aluminium sulfate and tannin as the mordant. Through visual observation, it was discovered that the shade of colour from Pre-mordanting and dyeing showed excellent results in the range of dark-brown colour. The lightest shade appeared through Post mordanting and dyeing where Simultaneous mordanting and control samples showed a similar range of mid-brown colour. Therefore, the application of renewable resources such as the Jackfruit leaves will become a matter of significant importance for the establishment of safe and eco local textile products.

scholarly journals Administration of GnRH at Onset of Estrus, Determined by Automatic Activity Monitoring, to Improve Dairy Cow Fertility during the Summer and Autumn

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2194
Author(s):  
Zvi Roth ◽  
Yaron Z. Kressel ◽  
Yaniv Lavon ◽  
Dorit Kalo ◽  
David Wolfenson
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Activity Monitoring ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
Automatic Activity ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Uterine Diseases ◽  
And Control

We examined gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration at onset of estrus (OE), determined by automatic activity monitoring (AAM), to improve fertility of dairy cows during the summer and autumn. The study was performed on two dairy farms in Israel. The OE was determined by AAM recorded every 2 h, and a single im dose of GnRH analogue was administered shortly after OE. Pregnancy was determined by transrectal palpation, 40 to 45 d after artificial insemination (AI). Conception risk was analyzed by the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Brief visual observation of behavioral estrus indicated that about three-quarters of the events (n = 40) of visually detected OE occurred within 6 h of AAM-detected OE. Accordingly, the GnRH analogue was administered within 5 h of AAM-detected OE, to overlap with the expected endogenous preovulatory LH surge. Overall, pregnancy per AI (P/AI) was monitored over the entire experimental period (summer and autumn) in 233 first, second or third AI (116 and 117 AI for treated and control groups, respectively). Least square means of P/AI for treated (45.8%) and control (39.4%) groups did not differ, but group-by-season interaction tended to differ (p = 0.07), indicating no effect of treatment in the summer and a marked effect of GnRH treatment (n = 58 AI) compared to controls (n = 59 AI) on P/AI in the autumn (56.6% vs. 28.5%, p < 0.03). During the autumn, GnRH-treated mature cows (second or more lactations), and postpartum cows exhibiting metabolic and uterine diseases, tended to have much larger P/AI than their control counterparts (p = 0.07–0.08). No effect of treatment was recorded in the autumn in first parity cows or in uninfected, healthy cows. In conclusion, administration of GnRH within 5 h of AAM-determined OE improved conception risk in cows during the autumn, particularly in those exhibiting uterine or metabolic diseases postpartum and in mature cows. Incorporation of the proposed GnRH treatment shortly after AAM-detected OE into a synchronization program is suggested, to improve fertility of positively responding subpopulations of cows.

The prioritization of renewable energy technologies in Pakistan: An urgent need

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-103
Author(s):  
Leezna Saleem ◽  
Imran Ahmad Siddiqui ◽  
Intikhab Ulfat
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Populous Country ◽  
Selection Of

Pakistan is the world's sixth most populous country, currently facing the worst energy crisis. Although rich in renewable resources, Pakistan's energy system relies mainly on fossil fuels and imported energy for its energy needs. This study aims to use an analytical hierarchy pro-cess to prioritize six renewable technologies for Pakistan, with four criteria and thirteen subcriteria. The results indicate that solar power is particularly well suited for Pakistan, as it gained 42% priority weightage in the final aggregation. Wind energy is ranked second with a priority weight of 24%, followed by hydro 13%, biomass 9%, ocean 8% and geothermal en-ergy 3%. Solar and wind energies accounted for nearly 66% of the total weightage. This result highlighted the significance of economic criteria for the selection of renewable technologies in Pakistan, with around 43% priority weightage. Environmental criteria gained 19% whereas socio-political criteria registered 14% and technical criteria 23% priority weightage. During the potential assessment of the research, it was concluded that although renewable resource development has not been allocated sufficient attention in Pakistan in the past, if the correct decisions are taken regarding the exploitation of these resources, this can remedy the country's hazardous dependence on fossil fuel and imported energy.

scholarly journals Physico-sensory and Textural Properties of Composite Millet Palm Jaggery Muffins

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Snehal Jadhav ◽  
V. Kavinya ◽  
R. Vijay Nirmal ◽  
H. Mohammed Shameem ◽  
K. Ramalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Textural Properties ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Brown Colour ◽  
Sensory Score ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mold Count

Composite millet palm jaggery (CMPJ) muffins were prepared by replacing all-purpose flour with composite millet flour at different level (0:100, 50:50, 30:70) and replacing cane sugar completely with palm jaggery. CMPJ muffins and control muffins with cane sugar (APFS) were analyzed for Physico-sensory and textural properties (TPA). Incorporation of millet flour and wheat flour at the ratio 70:30 resulted in an acceptable product with good sponginess which is one of the desirable properties of muffins. The moisture content of muffins prepared with palm jaggery was found to be higher (21.84±0.01%) than muffins prepared with sugar (19.58 ±0.01%). The lightness of the crumb and crust (37.58±0.08, 28.89±0.11) of CMPJ muffins were found to be lesser than control muffins (58.34±0.20, 35.30±0.99), whereas redness of crumb and crust was found more in CMPJ muffins (9.18±0.07, 12.12±0.22) than APFS muffins (6.56±0.15, 10.61 ±0.15) which is due to the brown colour of palm jaggery. The muffins with jaggery had lower pH and sensory score and higher water activity (aw) than muffins with sugar. TPA results showed that CMPJ (6270±7.2 g) were slightly harder than APFS (4729±4.7). Microbial analysis (Total plate count, Yeast and mold count) for CMPJ muffins was found to be safe for consumption upto 12 days without added preservative. It is concluded that CMPJ muffins (without preservative) can be an alternative to APFS without affecting the quality parameters of the product.

Production of Biodegradable Board Using Corn Straw and its Mechanical Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 1190-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ting Wu ◽  
Xiu Lun Wang ◽  
Koji Kito
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Heat Insulation ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Food Container ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Technical Evaluation

In order to keep the sustainable developement of human life, renewable resources must be developed because of the limitation of fossil resources. Biomass as a renewable resource has been watched by all the world with interest. The purpose of this study is to utilize the biomass to produce biodegradable board. Corn straw was used to produce Bio-board with the process of refining, defibrating, forming and drying. The mechanical properties of the Bio-board were measured. Technical evaluation of the result shows that corn straw can be processed to produce Bio-board. The test for mechanical properties indicates that the rupture stress of Bio-board produced with the experimental conditions were 6.23MPa~16.95MPa and 8.6~23.5 times greater as compared with the polystyrene plastic used in food container. Therefore, the use of Bio-board as food packing container, heat insulation in architecture, mulch film in agriculture as a substitute for the chemical plastic materials is technically possible.

Present Situation of Research on Microgrid and the Necessity of Developing DC Microgrid

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 1744-1748
Author(s):  
Gao Fei Ge ◽  
Ming Sun ◽  
Yuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Distributed Generations ◽  
Key Technology ◽  
Hybrid Microgrid ◽  
The World ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
And Control

As the most efficient way of connecting distributed generations which are mainly based on renewable resources to the power grid, the microgrid has been in fast development in recent years. The paper is based on the summary of the present situation of research on microgrid all over the world and the key technology urgently to be solved, and then the advantage and the necessity of developing DC microgrid is analysed in terms of components as well as operation and control of microgrid. At last, an AC/DC hybrid microgrid structure is proposed according to the present circumstances in the distribution network.

Recycling Lanolin from Tannery Wastewater by Mixed Flocculation and Extraction Processing

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1113-1116
Author(s):  
Jian Mei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Process Research ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Industry Level ◽  
Aluminium Sulfate ◽  
Wastewater Recycling

Using mixed flocculation and extraction method to recover the lanolin from Tannery Wastewater, and studied the process research. The result indicated that the recovery rate of lanolin can reached 92% by using aluminium sulfate (AS) and the polyacrylamide (PAM) mixed flocculation, hexane and cyclohexane mixed extraction. Comparing the main indexes and the infrared spectra of recycling lanolin with the industry level lanolin, the results indicated the main indexes of the recycling lanolin achieved the industry level standard, and both similar spectrogram showed the component and the structure of recycling lanolin are almost similar with industry level lanolin. Therefore the method used to deal with tannery wastewater recycling lanolin is practicable and effective.

scholarly journals Challenges for Future Flexible Electric Power Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ali Feliachi
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Storage

This paper describes some of the challenges that face the operation of future electric power systems. These systems are becoming more flexible and agile. Their physical structures and connections are continuously changing as microgrids, electric vehicles, and other generation and storage devices are connected/disconnected from the grid, which result in new challenges for the operation, management, and control of the systems of the future that incorporate active participation of the consumers, and high penetration of intermittent nature renewable resources such as wind and solar.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Larvasida Granul Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pisang Nangka (Musa x paradisiaca L.) terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Anna Yuliana ◽  
Rusdi Aris Rinaldi ◽  
Nur Rahayuningsih ◽  
Firman Gustaman
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
P Value ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Granule Formulation ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Control ◽  
Test Result

Musa x paradisiaca L. leaves are known to contain phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and other compounds that can be used as larvicides. This study aims to determine the effect of Musa x paradisiaca L leaves’ ethanol extract granules on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. The Research was experimental in two stages of effectiveness testing, that are extract and granule formula effectiveness test. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. The extraction method used was maceration using 96% ethanol. The concentration of the extract dosage used were 0.2; 0.5; 1; 2; and 4%, with control (+) temephos and control (-). Repetitions were carried out 3 times with a sample total of 675 larvae. Observations were made for 12 and 24 hours. Preparation of granules using 2 formulas, formula 1 granules without extract and formula 2 granules with the extract. To fulfill the granule formulation criteria, the preparation was evaluated. The results showed that the concentration of 4% extract was the most effective at 98.7%, as stated by the Kruskal-Wallis test result,p-value <0.05, which means that there was an effect on the effectiveness of larvicide. The percentage of mortality of larvae given formula 2 is 100% and based on the Mann-Whitney test with value p<0.05, there is a difference between granule 1 and 2 formula. Criteria of granule including moisture content (1.72 %), angle of rest 240, flow velocity (50 gr/sec), and dispersion time (2.25 minutes). The granular formula of Musa x paradisiaca L leaves can make the application easier and hopefully can be used as effectively as synthetic larvicide in the community.

scholarly journals Policy Endogeneity and the Effects of Trade on the Environment

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Trade And Environment ◽  
Future Work

This paper reviews recent work on the implications of endogenous policy for the effects of trade on the environment and the sustainability of renewable resource stocks. A recognition that pollution policy is endogenous has had a major impact on the trade and environment literature and has reversed some of the previously established empirical findings. Work on pollution has proceeded faster than work on renewable resources. I suggest some directions for future work in this area.

scholarly journals Optimal costless extraction rate changes from a non-renewable resource

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. EVATT ◽  
P. V. JOHNSON ◽  
P. W. DUCK ◽  
S. D. HOWELL
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Analytic Solutions ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Critical Resource

This paper considers the role of costless decisions relating to the extraction of a non-renewable resource in the presence of uncertainty. We begin by deriving a size scale of the extractable resource, above which the solution to the valuation and optimal control strategy can be described by analytic solutions; we produce solutions for a general form of operating cost function. Below this critical resource size level the valuation and optimal control strategy must be solved by numerical means; we present a robust numerical algorithm that can solve such a class of problem. We also allow for the embedding of an irreversible investment decision (abandonment) into the optimisation. Finally, we conduct experimentation for each of these two approaches (analytical and numerical), and show how they are consistent with one another when used appropriately. The extensions of this paper's techniques to renewable resources are explored.

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