scholarly journals Modelling of tension in yarn package unwinding

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (03) ◽  
pp. 256-260
Author(s):  
STANISLAV PRAČEK ◽  
MARIANNA HALÁSZ
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Ideal Form ◽  
Textile Fabric

Yarn unwinding from a package is an essential step in many textile processes. The quality of the yarn is numericallyexpressed mainly by values of mechanical quantities. In the unwinding process viscoelastic properties are the mostimportant ones. They depend on how the yarn is stressed. The quality of the yarn that is being unwound should not bereduced, unless this reduction doesn’t significantly lower the quality of the textile fabric. During unwind the yarn tensionis not constant, but it oscillates within some interval. Even when the yarn is not strongly stressed, the yarn still can breaksometimes. This is why we think that a cross-wound package is not an ideal form of a package and that such packagesaren’t always made without flaws. We strive to achieve as large warping and weaving speeds as possible, therefore ouraim is to improve the theory of cross-wound package unwinding and to find the necessary modifications of the yarnunwinding process.

Improvement of the Flavor and Quality of Watermelon Vinegar by High Ethanol Fermentation using Ethanol-Tolerant Acetic Acid Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Ye Bai ◽  
Dongsheng Li ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Ning Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Acetic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Acetic Acid Fermentation ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
High Ethanol ◽  
Acceptance Score

Abstract Acetic acid fermentation is an essential step in the production of high-quality fruit vinegar and typically involves the use of acetic acid bacteria (AAB). The present study showed that the high cell mass and acetic acid yields of ethanol-tolerant AAB under high ethanol conditions were related to the high activities and stability of both pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and PQQ-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase. Additionally, in acetic acid fermentation with watermelon wine (8 % ethanol), the main organic acids (acetic, tartaric and malic acids) produced by ethanol-tolerant Acetobacter pasteurianus AAB4 were higher than those by conventional A. pasteurianus AS1.41 (1.42-fold, 3.53-fold and 2.12-fold, respectively). Also, the main esters (ethyl acetate and phenylethyl acetate) produced by AAB4 were higher than those by AS1.41 (1.69-fold and 1.48-fold, respectively). In addition, the total sweet and umami free amino acids produced by AAB4 increased significantly. According to sensory analysis, the flavor, taste and overall acceptance score of watermelon vinegar produced by AAB4 were significantly higher than those by AS1.41. Therefore, high ethanol fermentation with ethanol-tolerant AAB improved the flavor and quality of watermelon vinegar, indicating that this technology can be applied to fruit vinegar production.

scholarly journals The ulcerative colitis associated gene FUT8 regulates the quantity and quality of secreted mucins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Cantero ◽  
Carla Burballa ◽  
Yuki Ohkawa ◽  
Tomohiko Fukuda ◽  
Yoichiro Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Normal Individuals

Fucosylation of mucins, the main macrocomponents of the mucus layer that protects the digestive tract from pathogens, increases their viscoelasticity and shear stress resistance. These properties are altered in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), which is marked by a chronic inflammation of the distal part of the colon. Here we show that the levels of Fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) and specific mucins are increased in the distal inflamed colon of UC patients compared to normal individuals. Overexpressing FUT8, as observed in UC, in mucin-producing HT29-18N2 colonic cell line increases trafficking of MUC1 to plasma membrane and secretion of MUC2/MUC5AC. FUT8 depletion (FUT8 KD), instead, causes intracellular accumulation of MUC1 and alters the ratio of secreted MUC2 to MUC5AC. Mucins secreted by FUT8 overexpressing cells are more resistant to shear stress compared to mucins secreted by FUT8 KD cells. These data fit well with the Fut8-/- mice phenotype, which are protected against UC. Fut8-/- mice exhibit a thinner proximal colon mucus layer with an altered ratio of neutral to acidic mucins compared to Fut8+/+ mice. Together, these data reveal that FUT8 optimizes the viscoelastic properties of the extracellular mucous by controlling the quantities of mucins secreted.

An intelligent detection and assessment method based on textile fabric image feature

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqing Zhao ◽  
Xin Shi ◽  
Kaixuan Liu ◽  
Yongmei Deng
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Image Feature ◽  
Textile Fiber ◽  
Textile Fibers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intelligent Detection ◽  
Textile Fabric

PurposeThe quality of produced textile fibers plays a very important role in the textile industry, and detection and assessment schemes are the key problems. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to propose a relatively simple and effective technique to detect and assess the quality of produced textile fibers.Design/methodology/approachIn order to achieve automatic visual inspection of fabric defects, first, images of the textile fabric are pre-processed by using Block-Matching and 3-D (BM3D) filtering. And then, features of textile fibers image are respectively extracted, including color, texture and frequency spectrum features. The color features are extracted by using hue–saturation–intensity model, which is more consistent with the human vision perception model; texture features are extracted by using scale-invariant feature transform scheme, which is a quite good method to detect and describe the local image features, and the obtained features are robust to local geometric distortion; frequency spectrum features of textiles are less sensitive to noise and intensity variations than spatial features. Finally, for evaluating the quality of the fabric in real time, two quantitatively metric parameters, peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity, are used to objectively assess the quality of textile fabric image.FindingsCompared to the quality between production and pre-processing of textile fiber images, the BM3D filtering method is a very efficient technology to improve the quality of textile fiber images. Compared to the different features of textile fibers, like color, texture and frequency spectrum, the proposed detection and assessment method based on textile fabric image feature can easily detect and assess the quality of textiles. Moreover, the objective metrics can further improve the intelligence and performance of detection and assessment schemes, and it is very simple to detect and assess the quality of textiles in the textile industry.Originality/valueAn intelligent detection and assessment method based on textile fabric image feature is proposed, which can efficiently detect and assess the quality of textiles, thereby improving the efficiency of textile production lines.

scholarly journals A Proposed Unified Conceptual Framework for Quality of Education in Schools

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401989944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Garira
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Education System ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Scientific Base

Quality of education in schools requires accurate descriptions of all its components to judge its realization and plan for its improvement. However, it can be difficult to obtain such descriptions in an effective manner. This article aims to propose a unified conceptual framework for quality of education in schools to facilitate an understanding of the quality of education. The conceptual framework proposed here is multi-dimensional in nature and based on operational experience by the authors with studying education systems’ performance in general, and particularly, quality of education in schools. The unified conceptual framework proposed here is informed by systems theory and acknowledges the interdependence among the components of quality of education and levels of the education system. In conclusion, we reiterate the importance of a conceptual framework for quality of education that explicates the relationships among the numerous education components (inputs, processes, and outputs) among the various education levels of the education system (national, tertiary, school, and pre-school) as a primary science for understanding the quality of education in schools as an essential step toward providing a scientific base for the study of education quality in schools.

Viscoelastic Properties of Pb(ZrTi)O3-Based Slurry for Tape Casting

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 763-766
Author(s):  
Xiang Ping Jiang ◽  
Yu Quan Chen ◽  
Helen L.H. Chan ◽  
Qing Rui Yin
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Thick Films ◽  
Tape Casting ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Green Tape ◽  
Newtonian Behavior

PZT-based slurry with Newtonian behavior was prepared for tape casting. The viscoelasti cproperties of the slurry were studied. High quality of green tape and well sintered of PZT-based thick films are obtained using the PZT-based slurry with Newtonian behavior.

Quality Appraisal: Part II

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 288-290
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Raines
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Quality Appraisal ◽  
Individual Study ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
The Individual

AbstractQuality appraisal is an essential step in the evidence-based practice process. This column focuses on evaluating the quality of the individual study and its applicability to practice.

Modelling the effect of storage temperature on the viscoelastic properties and quality of ice cream

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tsevdou ◽  
Eleni Gogou ◽  
Efimia Dermesonluoglu ◽  
Petros Taoukis
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Ice Cream

scholarly journals Viscoelastic properties of wheat gluten in a molecular dynamics study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. e1008840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Mioduszewski ◽  
Marek Cieplak
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Response Force ◽  
Coarse Grained Model ◽  
Triticum Spp ◽  
Residue Systems

Wheat (Triticum spp.) gluten consists mainly of intrinsincally disordered storage proteins (glutenins and gliadins) that can form megadalton-sized networks. These networks are responsible for the unique viscoelastic properties of wheat dough and affect the quality of bread. These properties have not yet been studied by molecular level simulations. Here, we use a newly developed α-C-based coarse-grained model to study ∼ 4000-residue systems. The corresponding time-dependent properties are studied through shear and axial deformations. We measure the response force to the deformation, the number of entanglements and cavities, the mobility of residues, the number of the inter-chain bonds, etc. Glutenins are shown to influence the mechanics of gluten much more than gliadins. Our simulations are consistent with the existing ideas about gluten elasticity and emphasize the role of entanglements and hydrogen bonding. We also demonstrate that the storage proteins in maize and rice lead to weaker elasticity which points to the unique properties of wheat gluten.

scholarly journals Changes in masa and tortillas obtained from maize irradiated and nixtamalized with nejayote

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-394
Author(s):  
C. Valderrama-Bravo ◽  
F.A. Domínguez-Pacheco ◽  
C. Hernández-Aguilar ◽  
G. Sánchez-Hernández ◽  
C. Pérez-Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Viscoelastic Modulus ◽  
Sensory Tests

Abstract Maize grains were treated with electromagnetic fields and nixtamalized with nejayote, in order to analyze the effect of such treatments on the microbiological and viscoelastic properties of masa, and on sensory tests of tortilla. A sample of maize grains was irradiated by electromagnetic fields for 7 and 12 min.Then, following the nixtamalization with nejayote, masa and tortillas were obtained. The application of electromagnetic fields did not decrease the growth of moulds in maize grains. However, a synergistic effect of irradiation (12 min) and nixtamalization with diluted nejayote (50 water/50 whole nejayote) improved the sanitary quality of masa. Elastic and viscous moduli showed significant differences in all treatments. The masa from maize grains irradiated for 12 min showed the highest values of elastic and viscous moduli, while the masa from grains irradiated for 7 min and nixtamalized with diluted nejayote (70 water/30 whole nejayote) presented the lowest values. These results seem to indicate that the application of electromagnetic fields modifies the viscoelastic modulus of masa. Sensory tests showed that tortillas obtained from irradiated (12 min) maize grains, nixtamalized with nejayote (70 water/30 whole nejayote), had the highest score of all the attributes, i.e. texture, chewiness and taste.

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