scholarly journals IMPACT OF HYDROPOWER PLANT ON CLIMATE CHANGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-655
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
The World

Ocean waves are an immense, unused source of energy. Since for climate change, global attention is nowadays constantly being drawn to the fact that the level of CO2 is rising, creating the so called “greenhouse effect”, and influencing further climate changes, the focus on generating electricity from renewable sources forces itself as an important area of future research. The possibility to exploit the energy potential created by sea waves indisputably exists. Various researches conducted in the field of unused energy sources prove the necessity of seriously considering this potential of sea waves. The illustration of this point in noted in a recently performed estimation that up to 15 per cent of current UK electricity demand could be met by wave energy, and when this is combined with tidal stream generation, even up to 20 per cent of the UK demand for electrical power could be met. This paper introduces the readers to the topic of water power, as a natural source of renewable energy, investigating the possibility of using power of waves as one of the technically and ecologically appropriate solutions of exploiting this renewable natural source. It is a fact widely acknowledged that climate change and global warming are the number-one challenge of the contemporary world; practically every available research predicts that with the current rate of development the world is heading for at least 2, and even more likely 3-4, degrees warmer climate by the end of this century. As energy production and use account for two-thirds of global greenhouse-gas emissions, the energy industry is in a key role to cut emissions – while powering economic growth, boosting energy security and increasing energy access. In view of this, hydropower can make a major contribution to climate change mitigation. Not only is hydropower practically CO₂-free, thus eliminating its possible contribution to the greenhouse effect, but it is also both more efficient and flexible compared with existing fossil alternatives for base load and balancing power. Even though the world is aware of the potential of hydropower, and despite the fact that many wave energy devices are nowadays being investigated, most of these are currently at the research and development stage, with only a small range of devices having been tested at large scale, deployed in the oceans. Thus, one of the goals of this paper would be to present the technology used to turn the power of waves unto electric power, as well as the various types of turbines and devices which represent the latest technological achievements in this area. The goal of this paper is also to present the existing devices, their manner of functioning, and their efficiency and safety from the environmental aspect. It is also important to note that hydropower’s own overall environmental impact is limited, thus making hydropower more benevolent to the environment than other energy sources that have been exploited so far.

scholarly journals HYDROPOWER PLANT

2019 ◽  
pp. 581-585
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
The World

Ocean waves are an immense, unused source of energy. Since global attention is nowadays constantly being drawn to the fact that the level of CO2 is rising, creating the so called “greenhouse effect”, and influencing further climate changes, the focus on generating electricity from renewable sources forces itself as an important area of future research. The possibility to exploit the energy potential created by sea waves indisputably exists. Various researches conducted in the field of unused energy sources prove the necessity of seriously considering this potential of sea waves. The illustration of this point in noted in a recently performed estimation that up to 15 per cent of current UK electricity demand could be met by wave energy, and when this is combined with tidal stream generation, even up to 20 per cent of the UK demand for electrical power could be met. This paper introduces the readers to the topic of water power, as a natural source of renewable energy, investigating the possibility of using power of waves as one of the technically and ecologically appropriate solutions of exploiting this renewable natural source. It is a fact widely acknowledged that climate change and global warming are the number-one challenge of the contemporary world; practically every available research predicts that with the current rate of development the world is heading for at least 2, and even more likely 3-4, degrees warmer climate by the end of this century. As energy production and use account for two-thirds of global greenhouse-gas emissions, the energy industry is in a key role to cut emissions – while powering economic growth, boosting energy security and increasing energy access. In view of this, hydropower can make a major contribution to climate change mitigation. Not only is hydropower practically CO₂-free, thus eliminating its possible contribution to the greenhouse effect, but it is also both more efficient and flexible compared with existing fossil alternatives for base load and balancing power. Even though the world is aware of the potential of hydropower, and despite the fact that many wave energy devices are nowadays being investigated, most of these are currently at the research and development stage, with only a small range of devices having been tested at large scale, deployed in the oceans. Thus, one of the goals of this paper would be to present the technology used to turn the power of waves unto electric power, as well as the various types of turbines and devices which represent the latest technological achievements in this area. The goal of this paper is also to present the existing devices, their manner of functioning, and their efficiency and safety from the environmental aspect. It is also important to note that hydropower’s own overall environmental impact is limited, thus making hydropower more benevolent to the environment than other energy sources that have been exploited so far.

Rising Global Challenges in Energy Demand and the Politics of Climate Change in Government Operations

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-263
Author(s):  
Sharon Nanyongo Njie ◽  
Ikedinachi Ayodele Power Wogu ◽  
Uchenna Kingsley Ogbuehi ◽  
Sanjay Misra ◽  
Oluwakemi Deborah Udoh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
The World

While most governments subscribe to boosting global energy supplies since it paves the way for improved economies, which translates to better living conditions and gainful employments which in turn boost government operations, the rising global demand for energy from all human endeavors have activated unparalleled consequences on the environment, resulting to harmful repercussions for government operations and processes all over the world. Hence, scholars argue that the rising demand for global energy by industrialized nations have further increased the vulnerability of governments' operations and processes, especially in countries where these energy sources abound. Consequently, governments, multinationals, and various interest groups are divided on how best to address the quandaries resulting from rising global demand for energy and its effect on the environment and government operations. Recommendations that would enhance government operations were proposed.

National Policies to Promote Renewable Energy

Daedalus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed T. El-Ashry
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
The World ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

The world is entering a new energy era marked by concerns over energy security, climate change, and access by the poor to modern energy services. Yet the current energy path is not compatible with sustainable development objectives. Global demand for energy will continue to grow; so will CO2 emissions. Achieving a low-carbon energy world will require an unprecedented technological transformation in the way energy is produced and used. That transformation has begun, as renewables capacity continues to grow, prices continue to fall, and shares of global energy from renewables continue to increase. Government policies are the main driver behind renewable energy's meteoric growth. Still, the world is tapping only a small amount of the vast supply of renewable energy resources. There is broad consensus that the role of these resources should be expanded significantly in order to meaningfully address energy security, energy access, and climate change.

scholarly journals TENDENCY OF GLOBAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE WORLD IN THE LAST TEN YEARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isak Karabegović
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
The World

It is well-known that, in the past decades, the burning of fossil fuels was identified as the major cause of climate change. Climate change mitigation is becoming a central concern of global society. Limiting global warming to below 2 °C above the temperature of the pre-industrial period is the key to preserving global ecosystems and providing a secure basis for human activities, as well as reducing excessive environmental change. The ambitions increased at an accelerated pace with a dramatic expansion of net zero-emission targets. Increasing pressure from citizens and society has forced countries to intensify their climate plans, while the private sector has bought a record amount of renewable energy. An energy system based on fossil fuels must be replaced by renewable energy with low carbon emissions with improved energy efficiency. That applies to all consumers of fossil energy: cities, villages, building sectors, industry, transport, agriculture, and forestry. The paper explores and presents the strategy of energy development of renewable energy sources in the world. The application of new technologies that have led to developing renewable energy sources is presented in detail: wind energy, solar energy, small hydropower plants, biomass, and their increase in the total share of energy production, i.e., reduced fossil fuel use in energy production. Investments in new technologies used in renewable energy sources have led to increases in employment worldwide. Analysis of the trend of increased energy production from RES (Renewable Energy Sources) with investment plans, the employment rate for each energy source, and the development of renewable energy sources in the coming period are provided.

scholarly journals Technical & Regulatory Developments to Support Innovative Offshore Wind Vessel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Peno
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
Offshore Wind Industry

Over the last few years offshore wind industry has become a key contributor to the transformation of the world energy sources. This transformation is driven not only by the increased demand of energy coming from emerging countries but also by the increased awareness about climate change. To keep on developing this industry, offshore wind farms are now moving further from shore and into deeper water. In addition, to fight back against other energy sources, an outstanding effort is requested to the whole supply chain, including vessels serving this industry, to reduce costs. This paper will explain how the development of new technologies certainly helps to solve the complex equation that the offshore wind industry is facing today. In addition, this paper will describe how classification societies support these developments by providing a constructive regulatory scope to ensure that this innovative vessels can meet this challenge without compromising on safety and while reducing their environmental impact.

Rinnovabili e/o nucleare. Come l'energia puň combattere i cambiamenti climatici

2009 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Gianni Mattioli ◽  
Massimo Scalia
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
European Union ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Abrupt Climate Change ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Prompt Action

- The new point of view in climatology, that tells us of abrupt climate change (2002), has compelled the world scientific community to ask the G8 of Gleneagles (2005) for a "prompt action" in order to face the dramatic link energy/climate change properly. This request has already become a matter of policy decisions, see the "three 20%" stated by European Union as the objective at 2020 and the 150 billions of dollars program of Obama. What's the role, in this perspective, of renewable energy sources and nuclear one? The present paper shows the inconsistency of the "nuclear renaissance" and the incompatibility, specially for our country, between the nuclear choice launched by the Italian government and the 2020 EU objective, mainly but not only for economical reasons.

Rising Global Challenges in Energy Demand and the Politics of Climate Change in Government Operations

2022 ◽  
pp. 1832-1856
Author(s):  
Sharon Nanyongo Njie ◽  
Ikedinachi Ayodele Power Wogu ◽  
Uchenna Kingsley Ogbuehi ◽  
Sanjay Misra ◽  
Oluwakemi Deborah Udoh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
The World

While most governments subscribe to boosting global energy supplies since it paves the way for improved economies, which translates to better living conditions and gainful employments which in turn boost government operations, the rising global demand for energy from all human endeavors have activated unparalleled consequences on the environment, resulting to harmful repercussions for government operations and processes all over the world. Hence, scholars argue that the rising demand for global energy by industrialized nations have further increased the vulnerability of governments' operations and processes, especially in countries where these energy sources abound. Consequently, governments, multinationals, and various interest groups are divided on how best to address the quandaries resulting from rising global demand for energy and its effect on the environment and government operations. Recommendations that would enhance government operations were proposed.

scholarly journals Development of Renewable Energy in Lithuania: Experience, State and Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Giedrius Gecevičius ◽  
Žydrūnas Kavaliauskas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The World

In recent decades, the growing number of citizens and improving life quality have increased energy consumption in the world and Europe, as well as in Lithuania. Despite the fact that an increasing number of countries are focusing on the development of renewable energy, most of the energy is produced by using fossil fuels. As a result, climate change is being felt more than ever before. One of the ways to mitigate climate change is the development of renewable energy sources in the world, Europe and Lithuania. Last year, Lithuania produced 5,142 TWh of electricity, which accounted for 47% of the country’s total electricity consumption, and 22.2% of all electricity consumption was generated using renewable energy sources. According to the Lithuanian National Energy Independence Strategy, 70% of electricity will have to be produced in Lithuania by 2030, reaching 100% by 2050. However, electricity imports and resulting energy dependence are still a major challenge in Lithuania. To address the ambitious goals of eliminating energy dependence and developing climate-neutral technologies, the last decade has seen the focus on the development of renewable energy, and wind energy in particular. Forecasts for the future suggest that by the middle of the century, the country will be producing electricity mainly from renewable sources including onshore and offshore wind energy, large- and small-scale solar energy, and bioenergy systems.

scholarly journals Offshore and Onshore Wave Energy Converters: Engineering and Environmental Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265
Author(s):  
Luca Cavallaro ◽  
Diego Vicinanza
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Nonrenewable Resources ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change

In the last decade, extensive research has been carried out with the aim of designing new prototype devices that allow for the extraction of electricity from renewable energy sources, in order to contribute to a reduction in the use of nonrenewable resources, and thereby mitigate climate change impacts [...]

scholarly journals Discrete control of resonant wave energy devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1959) ◽  
pp. 288-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Clément ◽  
A. Babarit
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Irregular Waves ◽  
Discrete Control ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Resonant Wave ◽  
Marginal Improvement

Aiming at amplifying the energy productive motion of wave energy converters (WECs) in response to irregular sea waves, the strategies of discrete control presented here feature some major advantages over continuous control, which is known to require, for optimal operation, a bidirectional power take-off able to re-inject energy into the WEC system during parts of the oscillation cycles. Three different discrete control strategies are described: latching control, declutching control and the combination of both, which we term latched–operating–declutched control. It is shown that any of these methods can be applied with great benefit, not only to mono-resonant WEC oscillators, but also to bi-resonant and multi-resonant systems. For some of these applications, it is shown how these three discrete control strategies can be optimally defined, either by analytical solution for regular waves, or numerically, by applying the optimal command theory in irregular waves. Applied to a model of a seven degree-of-freedom system (the SEAREV WEC) to estimate its annual production on several production sites, the most efficient of these discrete control strategies was shown to double the energy production, regardless of the resource level of the site, which may be considered as a real breakthrough, rather than a marginal improvement.

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