Preliminary examinations aiming at confirming presence of human blood in biological traces by means of mRNA analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Marta Gorzkiewicz ◽  
◽  
Małgorzata Grabowska ◽  
Tomasz Grzybowski ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Mrna Analysis ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Additional Reference ◽  
Mrna Markers ◽  
Optimal Quantity ◽  
Validation Experiments ◽  
Gene Mrna

The aim of the project was to develop a specific and at the same time economical method for detecting human blood in biological traces based on analysis of haemoglobin mRNA with use of PCR reaction in real time and non-specific SYBR Green detector. The test, which has eventually been developed enabled simultaneous analysis of melting curves for three fragments of various lengths: HBB61, HBA197 and HBB503, as well as an additional reference gene: mRNA β-actin. A definite identification was possible already for 0,1 μl of blood. The method is tissue and species specific. The analysed mRNA markers are characterized by high stability, as compared to haemoglobin detected by standard methods. The result of mRNA profiling shows the predictive value as regards quality of genetic material and occurrence of mixture of liquids. Results of analyses performed during the project indicate potential usefulness of HBB and HBA1 markers in routine forensic genetic examinations. However, it is necessary to carry out a broader spectrum of validation experiments, and particularly to analyse a larger number of actual biological casework and precisely determining an optimal quantity of RNA and identifying ontogenetic differences in the levels of expression.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Quality of Two Species of Baby Leaves Sprayed with Moringa Leaf Extract as Biostimulant

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1399
Author(s):  
Stefania Toscano ◽  
Antonio Ferrante ◽  
Ferdinando Branca ◽  
Daniela Romano
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Natural biostimulants obtained by plants are intensively used nowadays to improve crop yield and quality. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of leaf extract of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) (MLE) in modifying baby leaf characteristics of two genotypes of Brassica. The trial was started in October 2020 in a greenhouse; a cultivar of kale ‘Cavolo Laciniato Nero di Toscana’ (CL) and a Sicilian landrace of sprouting broccoli ‘Broccoli Nero’ (BN) were used. The plants, after 15, 30 and 40 days from sowing, were treated with MLE, while the control plants (C) with distilled water. Treatment with MLE modified morphological and nutritional value, but with different behavior in the two genotypes. In fact, in BN the treatment reduced the antioxidant activity (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)) by 54%, while in CL the treatment increased this parameter by 40%. For the phenolic concentration and the sugar content the values recorded were significantly increased by MLE compared to control plants in CL, where in BN a significant reduction was registered. The CL plants treated with MLE showed a significant reduction (−70%) in nitrate content compared to the control plants; a negative effect was, instead, observed in BN, where the plants treated with moringa showed an increase of 60%. Results of this study showed how the foliar application of MLE was effective in improving various nutraceutical parameters, in particular in kale, because it appears to be a species-specific response.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICALLY BASED DISEASE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN BARLEY CULTIVATION IN THE CENTRAL BLACK SOIL REGION

AGROFOR ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Lukin ◽  
Alexander Yeprintsev ◽  
Dmitry Fedorin ◽  
Olga Maraeva ◽  
Sergey Selyavkin
Keyword(s):  
Local Environment ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Species Specific

At present, there are microbiological Bacillus-based products used to preservevaluable micro biota and improving the level of biological soil productivity as wellas sustaining the local environment. The research focuses on discovering how someparticular biological products and autochthonous microorganisms influence theyield capacity of barley grown in the Black-Earth region of Russia. The researchobjectives included a search for autochthonous strains of microorganisms thatimprove resistance to diseases, estimation of how biological products contribute tothe quality of barley seeds, biological products effect on the spread and diseaseresistance and estimation of how biological products enhance the yield capacity ofbarley. The paper describes the results of identification of an autochthonousBacillus strains. PCR diagnostic methods were used to confirm the strain specificorigin of two sample cells extracted from soil (S1 and S2). The study involved theanalysis of micro biota of leached chernozem, which revealed the autochthonousstrain of Bacillus S1 having a germicidal effect. The S1 strain revealed Bacillussubtilis and Bacillus сеreus, while S2 revealed only Bacillus subtilis, as detected bythe method of molecular diagnostics based on using species-specific primers.Biological treatment of the seeds improved their sowing qualities, namely,germination readiness and germination capacity. In addition, it was found out thatsuch treatment improves the resistance to disease affection and spread. Bacillus S1,in particular, reduces the disease affection by 16,5 % and the disease spread 3,5 asmuch. Finally, the experiment demonstrated that biological treatment cancontribute to sustaining healthy environment for the plants and thus increase theiryield capacity.

scholarly journals Testing for viral material in water of public bathing areas of the Danube during summer, Vojvodina, Serbia, 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Jovanović Galović ◽  
Sanja Bijelović ◽  
Vesna Milošević ◽  
Ivana Hrnjaković Cvjetkovic ◽  
Milka Popović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Viral Indicators ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Recreational Use

From August to September 2014 a water quality study was conducted on five popular public Danube beaches in Vojvodina, Serbia. To assess the safety of Danube water for bathing, physical, chemical, bacteriological tests were performed. While many parameters for monitoring the quality of water are regulated by law, there are neither national nor international legislations addressing the presence of viruses in recreational waters. In this study, we performed analyses that surpassed national requirements, and investigated if adenovirus, enterovirus or rotavirus genetic material was present in samples of recreational water collected for quality monitoring. Of 90 water samples obtained during the study, enterovirus material was not found in any sample, but adenovirus and rotavirus genetic materials were respectively detected in 60 and 31 samples. Statistical analyses showed a significant correlation between adenovirus DNA and total coliforms in the water. Even when water samples were adequate for recreational use, adenoviruses were detected in 75% (57/76) of such samples. Our results indicate that implementation of viral indicators in recreational water might be helpful to better assess public health safety. This might be particularly relevant in areas where urban wastewater treatment is insufficient and surface waters affected by wastewater are used for recreation.

Comparative analysis of the skin decellularization methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Olga Macagonova ◽  
◽  
Doina Risnic ◽  
Adrian Cociug ◽  
Viorel Nacu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Freeze And Thaw ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Google Search

Background: The extracellular matrix plays an important role in the promoting the tissue regeneration and repair. Decellularization or removal of the cells from the complex mixture of the structural and functional proteins that constitute the extracellular matrix (ECM) can be done by the physical (agitation, sonication, freeze and thaw), chemical (alkaline orchids, ionic detergents, nonionic, tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), hypotonic or hypertonic treatments, chelating agents), and enzymatic methods (trypsin or protease inhibitors). However, complications associated with the use of the decellularized skin have been reported, which are widespread and poorly understood. In this synthesis have been included publications, identified by the Google Search engine, National Bibliometric Tool (NBT), Pub Med databases, Web of Science, Springer, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct and Biosience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry. The results of the decellularization were reported in terms of the number of cells remaining in the collagen fibers depending on the duration of exposure to chemical agents. Conclusions: The natural matrix is more widely used than synthetic material, because it has the natural structure and composition of the ECM, it naturally stimulates cell development and allows the incorporation of the growth factors and other proteins increasing cell proliferation.The assessment of the quality of decellularization techniques is done by evaluating the necrosis of the extracellulare matrix, the depletion of the collagen fibers and the remaining amount of genetic material.

Interconversion and comparison of the results of three methods for cholinesterase in serum.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Newman ◽  
S S Que Hee
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Blank Correction

Abstract We investigated three methods for determination of cholinesterase (ChE) in human blood sera, using reference sera, sera of known ChE content, and serum variously diluted with deactivated sera. The methods were the Du Pont aca analyzer, the Pfizer "ChE-tel" method, and the Michel method with and without direct reagent-blank correction. With respect to precision and reproducibility the methods ranked: aca greater than Michel method corrected directly for reagent pH changes (Michel) greater than ChE-tel method greater than Michel method corrected indirectly for reagent pH changes. The interrelationships derived, in terms of each method's individual units were: Michel = (0.054 +/- 0.001) aca - (0.043 +/- 0.086), r2 = 0.947 ChE-tel = (4.44 +/- 0.30) aca - (5.11 +/- 0.99), r2 = 0.959 ChE-tel = (80.2 +/- 5.8) Michel + (0.028 +/- 0.240), r2 = 0.947 The ChE-tel method was subject to variations due to the quality of different kits. The aca results were validated by a collaborative laboratory study. Sera of known activity can be used effectively for accurate calibration.

scholarly journals Species-Specific Variations in the Nutritional Quality of Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in Response to Elevated pCO2

Water ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1840-1859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathryn Wynn-Edwards ◽  
Rob King ◽  
Andrew Davidson ◽  
Simon Wright ◽  
Peter Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Elevated Pco2 ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals Raw Sewage Harbors Diverse Viral Populations

mBio ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Cantalupo ◽  
Byron Calgua ◽  
Guoyan Zhao ◽  
Ayalkibet Hundesa ◽  
Adam D. Wier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Viral Diversity ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Virus Diversity ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Ideal System ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACTAt this time, about 3,000 different viruses are recognized, but metagenomic studies suggest that these viruses are a small fraction of the viruses that exist in nature. We have explored viral diversity by deep sequencing nucleic acids obtained from virion populations enriched from raw sewage. We identified 234 known viruses, including 17 that infect humans. Plant, insect, and algal viruses as well as bacteriophages were also present. These viruses represented 26 taxonomic families and included viruses with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), positive-sense ssRNA [ssRNA(+)], and dsRNA genomes. Novel viruses that could be placed in specific taxa represented 51 different families, making untreated wastewater the most diverse viral metagenome (genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples) examined thus far. However, the vast majority of sequence reads bore little or no sequence relation to known viruses and thus could not be placed into specific taxa. These results show that the vast majority of the viruses on Earth have not yet been characterized. Untreated wastewater provides a rich matrix for identifying novel viruses and for studying virus diversity.IMPORTANCEAt this time, virology is focused on the study of a relatively small number of viral species. Specific viruses are studied either because they are easily propagated in the laboratory or because they are associated with disease. The lack of knowledge of the size and characteristics of the viral universe and the diversity of viral genomes is a roadblock to understanding important issues, such as the origin of emerging pathogens and the extent of gene exchange among viruses. Untreated wastewater is an ideal system for assessing viral diversity because virion populations from large numbers of individuals are deposited and because raw sewage itself provides a rich environment for the growth of diverse host species and thus their viruses. These studies suggest that the viral universe is far more vast and diverse than previously suspected.

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