GLOSS to the judgment of the Supreme Court of 7 October 2016, II KK 157/16, Lex/el

2016 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 57-58
Author(s):  
Kazimierz J. Pawelec ◽  

The glossed decision of the Supreme Court is particularly important for the practice, inasmuch as it addresses two extremely important issues. On one hand, the decision expresses a general principle that the mere fact of a driver approaching a pedestrian crosswalk does not impose on him the obligation to perform excessive defensive maneuvers. On the other hand, it recognizes the need for a timely response, depending on the road conditions and situations. Thus, the decision addresses an important issue of the relationship between a driver and a pedestrian occurring at a crosswalk. Importantly, the provisions in force impose different obligations on drivers and pedestrians, the only common liability being a requirement for a particular caution. However, the above comments do not solve the conflict, because the existing legislation often imposes the obligation to do the impossible on a stronger traffic participant, i.e. the driver, which was recognized by the Supreme Court, which expressed an opinion diverging from the previous jurisprudence, all the more valuable, as it is sound and realistically approaching the issue in question.

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Wook Hwang ◽  
Jin Hyuk Han ◽  
Ki Duck Sung ◽  
Sang Kwon Lee

Tire noise is classified by pattern noise and road noise in a vehicle. Especially pattern noise has impulsive characteristics since it is generated by impacting of tire’s block on the road. Therefore, a special signal process is needed other than traditional Fourier Transform, because the characteristic of signal is varying with time. On the other hand, the pattern noise is a kind of non-stationary signal and is related to the impulsive train of pitch sequence of a block. In this paper, Wavelet Transform is applied to verify the impulse signal caused by impact of block and groove and to verify the relationship between the pattern noise and the train of pitch sequence.


Author(s):  
Rosa María Fernández Riveira

Este trabajo estudia dos reformas concretas de la Ley orgánica del Poder Judicial que se producen en octubre de 2015: la Comisión Permanente, como órgano del Consejo que ve incrementado su número de vocales, sus competencias y que situado bajo la dirección del Presidente del Consejo ha ido creciendo en relevancia; y el Gabinete Técnico del Tribunal Supremo, que se regula también como órgano al servicio del Tribunal pero bajo la obediencia y dirección del Presidente. Un órgano que asume unas competencias muy importantes en un momento en el que se reforma la vieja casación pasando a ser un recurso determinado por el «interés casacional objetivo». Estos dos cambios, como puntas de iceberg, son el aviso de nuevos enfoques sobre planteamientos clásicos acerca de la independencia judicial tales como: las relaciones existentes entre el Consejo General del Poder judicial y el Tribunal Supremo, la presencia del elemento político en el corazón de la independencia judicial, la enorme relevancia de un proceso de selección de nuestros jueces justo, plural y confiable y la necesidad de articular mecanismos de responsabilidad judicial institucional e individual.This paper analyses two reforms about Organic Law of Judiciary which have been made in October 2015: the Permanent Commission as part of Council body that it has seen increasing its competences and it works under careful supervision of the President of the General Council of the Judiciary. It has suffered an augmentation of members on its composition and it has got more relevance as important voice in the General Council and, on the other hand, the Technical office of the Supreme Court, which has been redesigned with new competences working under Instructions of President. And all these changes are been implemented at the same time that it has been adopted the new cassation appeal. Both reforms as iceberg’s tips are performing important reflections about classical principles for example: different manners to understand the judicial independence, the political element within judicial independence, the relevance of appointment judicial processes and of course the accountability discourse as essential part within the judicial independence.


2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 619-648
Author(s):  
Nicole Duplé

On September the 28th 1981, the Supreme Court of Canada made public its opinion as to the constitutionaly of the Federal government's plan to repatriate and amend the B.N.A. Act. Modifications affecting provincial powers require, according to convention, the existance of which is recognized by six of the Judges, a certain degree of provincial consensus. The federal projet, contested by eight of the ten provinces, was therefore considered unconstitutional by a majority of the Judges. The Court mentioned furthermore that the federal plan, should it become law, would impinge upon the distribution of powers set forth in the B.N.A. Act. Seven of the nine Judges so deciding declared, on the other hand, that the Senat and House of Commons' resolution pertaining to the plan of repatriation and amendement was perfectly legal and that the British Parliament was, in law, the only authorized body to bring about the changes sought by said plan.


Author(s):  
Sara H. Lindheim
Keyword(s):  
The Road ◽  

The space of empire also plays a starring role in Tibullus’ elegies; his obsession emerges around the word via, the road. It is not a great leap to assert that the road and the space of empire are inextricably intertwined. On the one hand, for Tibullus, the road and by extension the geographic expanse of empire are the root of all evils. Mobility belongs to the male world of commerce, exploration, and war—all activities he sets up in direct opposition to love. On the other hand, however, much as Tibullus struggles to divorce amor from the road, in particular, a dark and unholy alliance emerges between the two. Although he wishes to establish empire and amor as separate and opposing categories, bounded, fixed, and distinct, the fines do not hold. Characteristics of the man of politics, the warrior, and the merchant, players in the game of empire, turn up with increasing frequency as characteristics of the lover. And in the end, the viae appear on the very body of the puella, emblazoned on her most elegiac Coan clothing. Tibullus offers up a vision of the fallibility of fines, where things spill over the boundaries into places they are least welcome.


Author(s):  
Anna Maria Barańska

The subject of this article is the resolution of the enlarged composition of the Supreme Court of June 5, 2018, which resolves the issue of acquiring by land easement with the content corresponding to transmission easement together with the acquisition by a state-owned company of transmission facilities developed on State Treasury properties. As a result of granting property rights to state-owned companies of state property in the early 1990s, the ownership of the transmission infrastructure and the property on which they were situated were separated.In the judicature, divergent concepts emerged regarding the solution of the issue of  further use of this land by transmission companies. According to the first one, the transfer of property rights was accompanied by the creation by law of a land easement with the content corresponding to a transmission easement. On the other hand, according to the second concept, obtaining a legal title for further use of the property was possible only through contractual acquisition or prescription of transmission easement. Powstanie z mocy prawa służebności gruntowej o treści odpowiadającej służebności przesyłu w świetle uchwały Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 5 czerwca 2018 roku, sygn. akt III CZP 50/17 Tematem artykułu jest uchwała powiększonego składu Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 5 czerwca 2018 roku, która rozstrzyga kwestię nabycia z mocy prawa służebności gruntowej o treści odpowiadającej służebności przesyłu wraz z nabyciem przez przedsiębiorstwo państwowe własności urządzeń przesyłowych posadowionych na nieruchomościach Skarbu Państwa. W wyniku uwłaszczenia mienia państwowego na początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych ubiegłego wieku doszło do rozdzielenia własności infrastruktury przesyłowej oraz nieruchomości, na której były one posadowione. W judykaturze pojawiły się rozbieżne koncepcje odnośnie do rozwiązania kwestii dalszego korzystania przez przedsiębiorstwa przesyłowe z tych gruntów. Zgodnie z pierwszą z nich przeniesieniu prawa własności towarzyszyło powstanie z mocy prawa służebności gruntowej o treści odpowiadającej służebności przesyłu. Na podstawie drugiej — uzyskanie tytułu prawnego do dalszego korzystania z nieruchomości było możliwe wyłącznie w drodze umownego nabycia albo zasiedzenia służebności przesyłu.


2014 ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Maria Valentinovna Kuglerova

“Ay, But Droma Pkhirdyom”: The Gypsy and the Road(Self-Identity in Soviet and Post-Soviet Gypsy Literature in the Russian Cultural and Political Context)The Gypsies have always been a peculiar minority in Russia. On one hand, the Russians admired Gypsies’ vagrancy and desire for freedom. The Gypsies were a kind of an alter-ego of the Russians’ – as they wished to be, but dared not. On the other hand, the Gypsies even in relatively liberal czarist times were treated as the second-rate people, not mentioning the soviet deportations. The Gypsy wandering was especially irritating, so the authorities always tried to settle them down. From the Gypsies’ side the attitude (the strict opposition Gadjo/Roma and at the same time the phenomenon of the “choral” settled Gypsies who connected Russian and Gypsy cultures) was ambiguous, too. It shows the main feature of Gypsy identity – the desire for wandering, the dependence – but only on the road, and the dual attitude to this feature from the side of the Russian majority. This feature and the ambiguous attitude towards it one can define as the crucial feature of the Soviet and Post-Soviet Gypsy literature. By 1938 (before the supporting of the national minorities stopped) in Soviet Gypsy literature existed two main directions in the narration: the narration about the evil capitalistic past (the exploitation of the “choral” Gypsies, who were devoid of the road by Russians – M.Iljinsko’s stories) and the depicting of the brave Soviet reality – when the Gypsies are happy to work and to be settled in the kolkhozes (M.Bezludzko’s poems). This image of the new Soviet Gypsy is rooted in the image of the vagrancy (through its’ denial for Soviet epoch and its’ glorification for czarist times), as the detailed analysis of the texts shows. „Ay, But Droma Pkhirdyom”: Cygan i droga (Tożsamość własna w radzieckiej i postradzieckiej literaturze cygańskiej w rosyjskim kontekście kulturowym i politycznym)Cyganie zawsze byli szczególną mniejszością w Rosji. Z jednej strony Rosjanie podziwiali bezdomność  Cyganów i ich pragnienie wolności. Cyganie stanowili swego rodzaju alter ego Rosjan: byli tacy, jakimi ci ostatni być chcieli, ale nie ośmielali się. Z drugiej zaś nawet w stosunkowo liberalnych czasach caratu traktowano ich jako ludzi drugiej kategorii, nie wspominając o sowieckich deportacjach. Wędrowny Cygan denerwował szczególnie, tak więc władze zawsze starały się ich osiedlać. Postawy Cyganów także były dwuznaczne (ścisła opozycja Gadziowie/Romi i jednocześnie zjawisko „chorału” osiadłych Cyganów, łączącego kultury rosyjską i cygańską). Ujawnia to główną cechę tożsamości cygańskiej: pragnienie ruchliwości, zależność – ale tylko w drodze, co zderzało się z dwoistą postawą rosyjskiej większości. Ową cechę jak też dwuznaczną postawę wobec niej można uznać za zasadniczy rys radzieckiej i postradzieckiej literatury cygańskiej. Około 1938 roku (zanim skończyło się wspieranie mniejszości narodowych) w radzieckiej literaturze cygańskiej występowały dwie główne linie narracyjne: narracja o złej kapitalistycznej przeszłości (wykorzystywanie „chorałowych” Cyganów, którzy zostali wyprowadzeni z drogi przez Rosjan: M. Iljinsko) oraz opisywanie wspaniałej rzeczywistości radzieckiej – kiedy to szczęśliwi Cyganie pracują i osiedlani są w kołchozach (M. Bezludzko). Taki obraz nowego radzieckiego Cygana ma źródła w obrazie bezdomności (ze względu na negowanie epoki radzieckiej i gloryfikację czasów carskich), co pokazuje szczegółowa analiza tekstów.


2019 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Con Chapman

This chapter collects, mosaic-style, a number of personality traits and quirks that Hodges was known to possess, and describes his various pastimes, so that the reader can get a sense of who the man was apart from his music. As others have noted, he was an avid gambler who claimed to have much success, but on the other hand he insisted on being paid with cash and carried money in a roll with a large-denomination bill on the outside, so it would have been easy for him to exaggerate his luck. He spent much of his life on the road and he grew tired of it, but he learned to accommodate himself to travel in various minor ways. Some of his arrangements for caring for his pet monkey are detailed.


1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Isedonmwen

Provocation is dead! It died at the Supreme Court of Nigeria. The funeral oration was read by Kazeem J.S.C., while the funeral dirge was chorused by four other judges of the same court. The case was Ganiyu Olatokunbo Oladiran v. State The facts of the case were as follows. The appellant was a secretary of Design Group Ltd., a firm of chartered architects based in Ibadan. His marriage with the deceased came to be as a result of a pregnancy presented to him by the deceased. Their matrimonial history was one of intermittent quarrels, accusations and counter-accusations of infidelity against the appellant and insubordination against the deceased. The deceased had always accused the appellant of showing interest in their maid, a girl of about 13 or 14 years of age. The appellant had on the other hand accused the deceased of smoking cigarettes which he disliked.The climax to their matrimonial squabble came, to a head on the 21 September, 1982. On that day, there was as usual a quarrel between the appellant and the deceased. There was an abortive attempt at settlement by the deceased's parents. Later that day the deceased refused to cook for the appellant and told him to ask his “second wife” (the house-maid) to cook for him. She also abused him. Thereafter the appellant got a knife and stabbed the deceased to death. The appellant subsequently made an abortive attempt at committing suicide.


2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Fraser

Discourse Markers are usually discussed as terms which signal the relationship between two contiguous sentences, S1—DM—S2 (“We started late. Yet, somehow, we arrived on time.”) In the present paper, I examine the class of English Contrastive Discourse Markers (CDMs) to determine what pairs of them occur acceptably in a sentence (“The health care system needs more primary care physicians. However, on the other hand, they are the doctors who are paid at the bottom of the scale.”), those which are unacceptable (“We could go to Jamaica for our vacation this year. On the other hand, nevertheless, we could stay home.”), and others for which the jury is out. Several tentative generalizations, including the role of spoken vs. written language are made but the complete solution is far down the road.


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