scholarly journals Validation of STR typing method using the GlobalFiler kit for forensic purposes

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Fujii ◽  
Haruhiko Watahiki ◽  
Yusuke Mita ◽  
Tetsushi Kitayama ◽  
Hiroaki Nakahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Str Typing ◽  
Typing Method

scholarly journals Validation of STR typing method using a PowerPlex Fusion System for forensic purposes

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Fujii ◽  
Yasuki Iwashima ◽  
Tetsushi Kitayama ◽  
Hiroaki Nakahara ◽  
Natsuko Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion System ◽  
Str Typing ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Powerplex Fusion

Bone sampling criteria for DNA genotyping: macroscopic sample categorization and STR typing results

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 760-762
Author(s):  
Carlos Vullo ◽  
Andrea Rocha ◽  
Carola Romanini ◽  
Magdalena Romero ◽  
Laura Catelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Str Typing ◽  
Dna Genotyping

Intra-bone nuclear DNA variability and STR typing success in Second World War first ribs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Božič ◽  
Tajda Benedik Bevc ◽  
Eva Podovšovnik ◽  
Tomaž Zupanc ◽  
Irena Zupanič Pajnič
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Str Typing ◽  
Second World

scholarly journals Nothing but hot air?—On the molecular ballistic analysis of backspatter generated by and the hazard potential of blank guns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Euteneuer ◽  
Annica Gosch ◽  
Cornelius Courts
Keyword(s):  
Correct Identification ◽  
Str Typing ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Biological Investigation ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Hazard Potential ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Blank Cartridge ◽  
Blank Cartridges

AbstractBlank cartridge guns are prevalent especially in countries with laws restricting access to conventional firearms, and it is a common misconception that these weapons are harmless and only used as toys or for intimidation. However, although their harming potential is well-documented by numerous reports of accidents, suicides, and homicides, a systematic molecular biological investigation of traces generated by shots from blank cartridges at biological targets has not been done so far. Herein, we investigate the occurrence and analyzability of backspatter generated by shots of different types of blank cartridge guns firing different types of blank ammunition at ballistic gelatin model cubes doped with human blood and radiological contrast agent soaked into a spongious matrix and covered with three different variants of skin simulants. All skin simulants were penetrated, and backspatter was created in 100% of the shots in amounts sufficient for forensic short tandem repeat (STR) typing that resulted in the correct identification of the respective blood donor. Visible backspatter was documented on the muzzle and/or inside the barrel in all cases, and in 75% of cases also on the outer surfaces and on the shooter’s hand(s). Wound cavities were measured and ranged between 1 and 4.5 cm in depth. Discussing our findings, we provide recommendations for finding, recovering, and analyzing trace material from blank guns, and we demonstrate the considerable hazard potential of these devices, which is further emphasized by the presentation of a comprehensive overview of the pertinent literature on injuries inflicted by blank guns.

scholarly journals Seewis hantavirus in common shrew (Sorex araneus) in Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Wesula Lwande ◽  
Nahla Mohamed ◽  
Göran Bucht ◽  
Clas Ahlm ◽  
Gert Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Shrew ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Genome Segment ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase I ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Molecular Method ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Common Shrew Sorex Araneus ◽  
Genetic Assay

Abstract Background Rodent borne hantaviruses are emerging viruses infecting humans through inhalation. They cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hemorrhagic cardiopulmonary syndrome. Recently, hantaviruses have been detected in other small mammals such as Soricomorpha (shrews, moles) and Chiroptera (bats), suggested as reservoirs for potential pandemic viruses and to play a role in the evolution of hantaviruses. It is important to study the global virome in different reservoirs, therefore our aim was to investigate whether shrews in Sweden carried any hantaviruses. Moreover, to accurately determine the host species, we developed a molecular method for identification of shrews. Method Shrews (n = 198), caught during 1998 in Sweden, were screened with a pan-hantavirus PCR using primers from a conserved region of the large genome segment. In addition to morphological typing of shrews, we developed a molecular based typing method using sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome B (CytB) genes. PCR amplified hantavirus and shrew fragments were sequenced and phylogenetically analysed. Results Hantavirus RNA was detected in three shrews. Sequencing identified the virus as Seewis hantavirus (SWSV), most closely related to previous isolates from Finland and Russia. All three SWSV sequences were retrieved from common shrews (Sorex araneus) sampled in Västerbotten County, Sweden. The genetic assay for shrew identification was able to identify native Swedish shrew species, and the genetic typing of the Swedish common shrews revealed that they were most similar to common shrews from Russia. Conclusion We detected SWSV RNA in Swedish common shrew samples and developed a genetic assay for shrew identification based on the COI and CytB genes. This was the first report of presence of hantavirus in Swedish shrews.

scholarly journals Assessment of QIAGEN™ Investigator® 24plex GO! kit workflow for autosomal STR profiling of forensic reference samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashom Mohd Hakim ◽  
Hussein Omar Khan ◽  
Siti Afifah Ismail ◽  
Nurul Hazirah Mat Lazim ◽  
Japareng Lalung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Dna Profiling ◽  
Buccal Swab ◽  
Forensic Dna ◽  
Str Typing ◽  
Str Analysis ◽  
Dna Database ◽  
Autosomal Str ◽  
Dna Template ◽  
Reference Samples

Abstract Background DNA profiling has proven to be a valuable technique for identification of individuals in crime. Currently, the technique targets several short tandem repeat (STR) regions in human genome. However, increasing number of samples submitted for STR analysis may lead to delays due to the limited number of experienced analysts who might be available at any given moment and the time taken to complete lengthy DNA profiling procedures. This study was conducted to test the specificity, repeatability, reproducibility and robustness of Investigator® 24plex GO! kit for genotyping of reference samples submitted to the Royal Malaysian Police Forensic DNA Laboratory for DNA database. Material and methods In this study, Investigator® 24plex GO! kit was used to directly amplify STR loci from buccal swab cell of reference samples that had previously been STR typed using GlobalFiler™ Express kit. Capillary electrophoresis was carried out on a 3500xL Genetic Analyser using POP-4® Polymer. Amplified products were assigned to particular STR alleles using the GeneMapper ID-X version 1.4 software. Results Our study shows that STR profiles generated using Investigator® 24plex GO! gave concordance results with those previously obtained using the GlobalFiler™ Express kit. In addition, quality sensors included in the kit are of particular importance for determining the effectiveness of the PCR reaction and help to indicate the nature and quantity of DNA template for PCR amplification. Conclusion The Investigator® 24plex GO! kit is reliable for STR typing of reference samples.

A novel 13‐plex STR typing system for individual identification and parentage testing of donkeys ( Equus asinus )

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Dang ◽  
S. Shang ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
Y. Yu ◽  
D. M. Irwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Identification ◽  
Str Typing ◽  
Parentage Testing ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
Typing System

Typing ofSalmonella entericaserovar Infantis isolates from 51 outbreaks in Germany between 1974 and 2009 by a novel phage-typing scheme

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MILLER ◽  
P. G. BRAUN ◽  
K. FEHLHABER ◽  
R. PRAGER ◽  
Y. PFEIFER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Phage Typing ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Typing Scheme ◽  
Strain Collection ◽  
Community Outbreaks

SUMMARYWe developed a new phage-typing method and evaluated its application in combination withXbaI macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as a useful tool for the long-term epidemiology ofSalmonella entericaserovar Infantis. In this study, we investigated 1008S.Infantis isolates recovered from humans, various animal species and food products from 1973 to 2009. The typing scheme is based on 17 typing phages, defining 61 different patterns within the strain collection. The experiments showed that phage typing is a reliable method for differentiation of outbreaks and sporadic clinical cases as well as for elucidation of chains of transmission. The combined analysis of phage typing and PFGE revealed the existence of epidemic clones with a high stability over time like PT29/XB27 which was identified in nosocomial salmonellosis, community outbreaks as well as in broiler chickens from 2002 to 2009.

An allelic typing method for 2DS4 variant used in study of haplotypes of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (6p2) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. BAO ◽  
L. HOU ◽  
A. SUN ◽  
M. CHEN ◽  
Z. CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Typing Method

scholarly journals Investigation of an outbreak of ciprofloxacin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae using a simplified opa-typing method

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. PALMER ◽  
J. P. LEEMING ◽  
A. TURNER
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Resistant Clone ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Pcr Rflp

Ciprofloxacin-resistant gonococci have been isolated from patients in the United Kingdom since 1993. Until recently, evidence has suggested that the majority of infections are not endemic but have been acquired abroad. In October 1999, increasing numbers of ciprofloxacin resistant isolates of the non-requiring auxotype were reported in Oldham and Rochdale (Northwest England). These and similar isolates from elsewhere in England and Wales were genetically characterized using a simplified opa-typing method (a non-radioactive PCR–RFLP method targeting the opa family of genes). Of 73 isolates studied, 24 had unique opa-types (10 from infections acquired abroad), whilst the remaining 49 were indistinguishable (none were known to be acquired abroad). This cluster included 31 isolates from Oldham and Rochdale, 16 from elsewhere in the north of England, and 2 from Southern England and South Wales with known epidemiological links to cases from Manchester and Rochdale respectively. This study illustrates the potential for spread of an antibiotic resistant clone of N. gonorrhoeae both locally and nationally and demonstrates that endemic acquisition of ciprofloxacin-resistant gonococci is now a significant problem in the United Kingdom.

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