scholarly journals The effects of temperature and ultrasound on the migration of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from plastic packaging into dairy products

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
D. S. Bogdanović ◽  
D. H. Anđelković ◽  
I. S. Kostić ◽  
G. M. Kocić ◽  
T. D. Anđelković
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Whey Powder ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

The aim of this paper is to define migration of phthalates from plastic packaging into dairy products of different fat content caused by increasing temperature and application of ultrasound on dairy product. The most common used phthalate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was investigated for migration into following food-recipients with different fat content: infant formula, milk powder, whey powder and water. The results obtained by liquid-liquid extraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were compared. The base peak ion of DEHP (m/z 149) was selected for further research and recording was performed in the selected ion monitoring mode (SIM). For the considered range of phthalate concentrations, 0.25 – 2.50 μg mL–1, the response of the mass-selective detector (MSD) was linear. Results showed that the migration of DEHP from packaging material is higher in dairy products with higher percentage of fat. The mass of migrated DEHP was the highest in the sample of infant formula, followed by powdered milk, whey powder and water. Phthalates being just incorporated into plastics, and not chemically bound to plastics, show increased migration when ultrasound is applied in addition to increased temperature.

scholarly journals Volatile compounds of functional dairy products

2012 ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirela Ilicic ◽  
Spasenija Milanovic ◽  
Marijana Caric ◽  
Katarina Kanuric ◽  
Vladimir Vukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Decanoic Acid ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Simultaneous Distillation Extraction ◽  
Fresh Cheese

Volatile compounds, affecting flavour of traditional and probiotic fresh cheese, were determined. Functional dairy product-fresh cheese was produced from milk of 2.5% fat content and milk of 4.2% fat content, under the semi-industrial conditions. The traditional starter culture Flora Danica (FD) and a combination of probiotic starter ABT-1 and FD (ABT-1:FD=1:1) were applied as starters. The volatile fractions were isolated by employing the combined simultaneous distillation-extraction technique (SDE). The compounds were identified by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quantified by using standard procedure. Following 19 compounds have been identified: 8 hydrocarbons (decane, undecane, tridecane, tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, octadecane and 2, 6, 10, 14-tetramethyl hexadecane); 6 ketones (2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 2- undecanone, 2-pentadecanone, 2-heptadecanone and 2-tridecanone); 3 aldehydes (nonanal, tetradecanal and hexadecanal); 1 fatty acid (decanoic acid) and disulfide, bis (1-methylethyl). The highest levels were associated with hexadecanal, 2-pentadecanone, 2-tridecanone, and 2-undecanone in all examined samples, regardless to the starter culture and type of milk used.

Isolation and quantification of cholesterol oxides in dairy products by selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry

1995 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob H. Nielsen ◽  
Carl Erik Olsen ◽  
Christina Duedahl ◽  
Leif H. Skibsted
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cholesterol Oxidation ◽  
Preparative Hplc ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Limit Of Quantification

SUMMARYA method for isolation, detection and quantification of cholesterol oxidation products based on solid phase extraction in combination with preparative HPLC and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry selected ion monitoring has been developed for dairy products. The isolation procedure had a high recovery and artifact formation was minimal, as shown by isotope labelling. The limits of detection ranged from 0.3 to 35 pg/μl of the isomeric forms of 7-hydroxycholesterol, 20α-hydroxycholesterol, the isomeric forms of cholesterol-5,6-epoxides, cholestanetriol, 25-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol corresponding to a limit of quantification of 2–6 ng oxysterol/g lipid in the dairy product, depending on the nature of the cholesterol oxidation product.

scholarly journals Artificial neural networks in the prediction of fraud in integral milk powder by adding whey powder

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raissa Oliveira Rocha Alves ◽  
Otávio Chedid Tomé ◽  
Pollyanna Cardoso Pereira ◽  
Camila Nair Batista Couto Villanoeva ◽  
Vanelle Maria da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Whey Powder ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Hidden Layer

ABSTRACT: This research was performed to ascertain the most suitable Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to quantify the degree of fraud in powdered milk through the addition of powdered whey via regular standard physicochemical analyses. In this study, an evaluation was done on 103 samples with different quantities of added whey powder to whole milk powder. Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy the fat, cryoscopy, total solids, defatted dry extract, lactose, protein and casein were analyzed. The hyperbolic tangent transformation function was used with 45 topologies, and the Holdback and K-fold validation methods were tested. In the Holdback method, 75% of the database was employed for training, while 25% was used for validation. In the K-fold method, the database was categorized into five equal sized subsets, which alternated between training and validation. Of the two methods, the K-fold method was proven to have superior efficiency. Next, analysis was done on three models of multilayer perceptron networks with feedforward architecture. In Model 1, the input layer contained all the physicochemical analyses conducted, in model 2 the casein analysis was excluded, and in model 3 the routine analyses performed for dairy products was done (fat, defatted dry extract, cryoscopy and total solids). From Model 3 an ANN was derived which could satisfactorily predict fraud calculated from using the routine and standard analyses for dairy products, containing 64 nodes in the hidden layer, with R2 of 0.9935 and RMSE of 0.5779 for training, and R2 of 0.9964 and RMSE of 0.4358 for validation.

scholarly journals A Review of the Role of Milk and Dairy Products in the Development of Obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1629-1629
Author(s):  
Anestis Dougkas ◽  
Ditte Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Product Consumption ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Dairy Milk ◽  
Dairy Product Consumption ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Abstract Objectives The consumption of milk and dairy products makes an important contribution to children's nutrient intake, yet due to relatively high saturated fat content, the health benefits of dairy products have come under question and public health advice is often perceived as unclear. This review aimed to provide an overview of the current available evidence taken from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on dairy product consumption and risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in children, adolescents, and adults. Methods The literature of English-language systematic reviews and meta-analyses published up to September 2019 was reviewed by searching the following three databases: ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Search terms included ‘dairy’, ‘milk’, ‘yogurt’, ‘obesity’, ‘adiposity’, ‘bodyweight’, ‘type 2 diabetes’, ‘cardiovascular diseases’, ‘coronary heart disease’, ‘blood pressure’, ‘insulin resistance’, ‘glucose’, ‘children’, ‘adolescents’, ‘adults’ and combinations of these. Published work on calcium supplementation was excluded. Results Milk and certain dairy products were found to be not associated with or inversely associated with obesity in children and adolescents. In adults, consumption of milk and dairy products improves body composition and enhances weight loss during energy restriction diets, while it has a neutral effect on body weight in maintenance diets. Prospective cohort studies suggest that the consumption of dairy products, with regular or low-fat content, does not adversely affect the risk of T2D or CVD outcomes and may have a protective effect. The plausible mechanisms underlying the effect of dairy nutrients on obesity and cardiometabolic disease are incompletely understood but may include effects on lipolysis, lipogenesis and fatty acid absorption. Conclusions Dairy product consumption, as part of a balanced diet, may protect against the risk of obesity, T2D, and CVD. However, further research is needed to better understand the role of different types of dairy products and of different fat content in obesity, T2D, and CVD. The new and emerging range of products (including plant-based alternatives) being used as dairy milk substitutes has yet to be evaluated in scientific studies. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Evaluation of method for phthalate extraction from milk related to milk dilution ratio

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 983-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica Milojkovic ◽  
Darko Andjelkovic ◽  
Gordana Kocic ◽  
Tatjana Andjelkovic
Keyword(s):  
Salt Effect ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Benzyl Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Solvent Type ◽  
Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Liquid-liquid extraction techniques were compared coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), for the extraction and the determination of four phthalates: dimethyl phthalate (DMP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in six different kinds of milk-based samples. Extraction factors: sample preparation, organic solvent type and volume, salt effect, agitation and the extraction time were optimized. The ion of base peaks (m/z 149 for DBP, BBP and DEHP and m/z 163 for DMP) for investigated phthalates were selected for the screening studies. The acquisition was performed at the selected ion monitoring mode. The MSD response for GC-MS phthalate calibration standards was linear between 0.25 and 2.50 ?g mL-1 with calculated LODs between 0.01 ?g mL-1 to 0.04 ?g mL-1 and LOQs of 0.05 ?g mL-1 to 0.12 ?g mL-1, while repeatability was between 1.7 % to 4.9 % RSD. The study demonstrated an increase of the recovery of less polar phthalates in matrix milk standards by matrix dilution. Recovery for hydrophilic phthalates, like DMP, was not changed by matrix dilution and it was continuously low for the investigated method. Two spiking levels were tested for influence of matrix dilution on phthalate recovery, showed the same trend.

scholarly journals Determination of Organic Micropollutants in Water Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Marek Król ◽  
Mariusz Dudziak
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Detection Mode ◽  
Full Scan ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

In this study a determination method has been developed for seven different micropollutants, that were selected to represent different compound groups. The selected compounds were: 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), 4-octylphenol (4-OP), anthracene (Ant), alachlor (Ac), heptachlor (Hc), heptachlor epoxide (Hce), and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP). Chromatographic separation and mass spectrometer detection conditions were optimized to achieve the best micropollutants separation and the best detection sensitivity. A calibration curves were created at different calibration levels suited of each type of detection mode (Full Scan and Selected Ion Monitoring) and limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were calculated. Furthermore, recovery values were determined for each compound in spiked water samples at levels equal to 10%, 50%, and 90% of the calibration curve range and compared to other studies in which similar methods of determination were used.

scholarly journals What do users of reduced-fat dairy products know about the fat in their diets?

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Harper ◽  
Ingrid HE Rutishauser
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduced Fat ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the fat intake and knowledge about the fat content of foods consumed by a sample of self reported users of reduced-fat dairy products.DesignCross-sectional study of a population-based sample of women shoppers.SettingA small, rural town (population approximately 6000) in central Victoria, Australia.SubjectsSeventy-eight women aged 25–50 years, who regularly used at least one reduced-fat dairy product.ResultsMean reported intake of total fat was lower while intake of dairy fat was similar to that of a national sample of women of the same age both in the whole sample and when under-reporters were excluded. The ability to identify major sources of fat in the diet as reported appeared to be limited. Less than half of the subjects were able to correctly estimate the fat content of reduced-fat dairy products relative to regular products and about one quarter of subjects reported replacing one kind of oil or fat with another as a strategy to reduce fat intake. Subjects were generally aware of the need to ‘eat less fat’ but few could articulate specific recommendations. A number of subjects reported using low fat diets to control their weight but few subjects appeared to understand the connection between fat intake and energy intake.ConclusionsThe findings of this study raise important questions about how nutrition advice is understood and implemented by consumers, particularly the message to reduce fat intake and the role of energy balance in weight management. They also highlight the difficulty of interpreting information on food intake, in subjects who have modified their diet by reducing intake of specific foods.

scholarly journals Deltamethrin residues in imported and locally produced butter, cream and soft cheese in the south of Baghdad city

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Amel Hussein Ali
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits ◽  
Skimmed Milk ◽  
Contamination Levels

     A total of 40 imported cream, butter, cheese and yoghurt samples were collected randomly at weekly intervals (1samples/ product/ week) from various supermarkets inside the Baghdad province during the summer period. A total of 84 samples of locally produced cream, Butter, soft cheese and yoghurt that belonged to buffaloes, cows and ewes were collected randomly at weekly intervals (1 sample/ product/ week) from three different townships (Al-mahmudiyah, Al-Rasheed and Al-latifiyah) and were examined on two periods, the first was the period that extended from the beginning of September to the end of November 2015 while the second was the period that extended from the beginning of January to the end of march 2016. Besides that 12 Buffalos̓ raw whole and skimmed milk samples (6 samples each) and 6 samples of locally produced ewes̓ ghee (Samna) were examined during the summer period. Each dairy product sample was tested for the occurrence of Deltamethrin residues by using the High Performers liquid Chromotography and for fat content by using Gerber method. From the obtained results, data revealed that all of the imported cheese, cream and butter samples were 100% positive and yoghurt samples were 60% positive for the occurrence of Deltamethrin residues during the summer season. The results of this study established the statistically significant (P<0.05) influence of the season on the concentrations of the Deltamethrin residues in all of the examined locally produced dairy products where it was found that each of the 7 locally produced dairy products samples (6 samples/ each product) had significantly (P<0.05) higher concentrations of Deltamethrin residues in summer than in winter seasons. All the examined locally produced dairy products except yoghurt during the summer season presented high contamination levels with Deltamethrin residues and were 100% above the Maximum Residue Limits of 0.05 ppm that recommended by the WHO, FAO and European legislation. 

The Fate of Leached Di(2-Ethylhexyl)Phthalate in Patients Undergoing Capd Treatment

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Mettang ◽  
Stefan Thomas ◽  
Thomas Kiefer ◽  
Frank-Peter Fischer ◽  
Ulrich Kuhlmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dwell Time ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Objectives To evaluate the degree of exposure to and the fate of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DE HP) and its major derivatives mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (ME HP), 2-ethylhexanol (2-EH), and phthalic acid (PA) in patients undergoing regular continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) during a 4-hour dwell period. Design Prospective, controlled. Setting Teaching hospital, Department of Nephrology. Participants Seven elderly patients on stable CAPD using Fresenius instruments and dialysate and 6 agematched healthy controls. Interventions During a routinely performed peritoneal equilibration test (PET), blood and dialysate samples were drawn before and 120 and 240 min after the dwell was started. In addition, blood samples were taken from a group of volunteers participating in a pharmacological study. Measurements Quantitative analysis of DE HP and its hydrolysis products was performed by selected ion-monitoring gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, operating the mass spectrometer in a combined positive and negative ion chemical ionization mode. Results Serum concentrations of DE HP and PA were significantly higher in patients (median: 0.079 I1g/mL, range: 0.032 -0.210 I1g/mL; and 0.167 I1g/mL, range: 0.097 0.231 I1g/mL, respectively) than in controls [0.0195 I1g/mL, range: 0.016 -0.025I1g/mL (p = 0.0027) and 0.0120 I1g/mL, range: 0.006 -0.034I1g/mL (p = 0.0026), respectively]. Concentration of ME HP in the fluid of CAPD bags prior to use was four times higher than that of the parent compound. During the first 4 hours of dwell time, the concentrations of ME HP and 2-EH in dialysate consistently decreased from 0.177 (range: 0.137 -0.239119/ mL) to 0.022 I1g/mL (range: 0.005 -0.058 I1g/mL) (p = 0.017), and from 0.087 (range: 0.075 -0.097I1g/mL) to 0.05 I1g/mL (range: 0.023 0.064I1g/mL) (p = 0.017), respectively, while the concentration of DE HP remained stable. Remarkably high concentrations of PA (0.129 I1g/mL; range: 0.038 -0.466 I1g/mL) were found in CAPD bags prior to use, and these concentrations tended to increase during dwell time, without statistical significance, however (0.135I1g/mL; range: 0.073 -0.659I1g/mL, p = 0.062). Conclusions Patients on CAPD are regularly exposed to considerable amounts of phthalic ester derivatives, mainly to MEHPand PA. ME HP seems to bewellabsorbed by the peritoneal membrane. The long-term effects of this exposure remain to be elucidated.

scholarly journals CONSUMPTION TREND OF MODERN DAIRY PRODUCTS AND PROJECTIONS OF DAIRY CATTLE REQUIREMENTS IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
A. E. OGUNTADE ◽  
A. S. BAMIRE
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Cattle Herd ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Milk Processing ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Dry Milk ◽  
Liquid Milk

This study estimates the requirements for modern dairy products as Liquid Milk Equivalents (LME) and the size cattle herd that can produce the LME under the different scenarios of milk yield/offtake. Four dairy products viz: Condensed and Evaporated milk; Dry Milk Powder (skim and whole); Butter; Cheese and Curd were studied based on data obtained from secondary sources and analysed by trend projections based on regression analytical approach while standard conversion factors were used to convert each category of dairy product to its LME requirements were then used to estimate the National cattle population. Results showed that the LME requirements to meet the demand for Condensed and Evaporated Milk as well as Dry Powdered Milk vary from 13,480 tonnes in 1990 to 13,576 tonnes in year 2,000. Given the current consumption trend of these products, Nigeria has the required cattle herd potential to produce the LME. However, the establishment of appropriate milk collection logistics and adequate milk processing facilities are the demand necessary prerequisites. 

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