scholarly journals What do users of reduced-fat dairy products know about the fat in their diets?

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Harper ◽  
Ingrid HE Rutishauser
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduced Fat ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the fat intake and knowledge about the fat content of foods consumed by a sample of self reported users of reduced-fat dairy products.DesignCross-sectional study of a population-based sample of women shoppers.SettingA small, rural town (population approximately 6000) in central Victoria, Australia.SubjectsSeventy-eight women aged 25–50 years, who regularly used at least one reduced-fat dairy product.ResultsMean reported intake of total fat was lower while intake of dairy fat was similar to that of a national sample of women of the same age both in the whole sample and when under-reporters were excluded. The ability to identify major sources of fat in the diet as reported appeared to be limited. Less than half of the subjects were able to correctly estimate the fat content of reduced-fat dairy products relative to regular products and about one quarter of subjects reported replacing one kind of oil or fat with another as a strategy to reduce fat intake. Subjects were generally aware of the need to ‘eat less fat’ but few could articulate specific recommendations. A number of subjects reported using low fat diets to control their weight but few subjects appeared to understand the connection between fat intake and energy intake.ConclusionsThe findings of this study raise important questions about how nutrition advice is understood and implemented by consumers, particularly the message to reduce fat intake and the role of energy balance in weight management. They also highlight the difficulty of interpreting information on food intake, in subjects who have modified their diet by reducing intake of specific foods.

scholarly journals Dietary and supplemental antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrient intakes and pulmonary function

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2081-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tze Pin Ng ◽  
Mathew Niti ◽  
Keng Bee Yap ◽  
Wan Cheng Tan
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Risk ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractObjectiveA limited but growing body of evidence supports a significant role of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory micronutrients in pulmonary health. We investigated the associations of dietary and supplemental intakes of vitamins A, C, E and D, Se and n-3 PUFA with pulmonary function in a population-based study.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional study and data analysis of fruits and vegetables, dairy products and fish, vitamins A, C, E and D, Se and n-3 PUFA supplemental intakes, pulmonary risk factors and spirometry.SubjectsChinese older adults (n 2478) aged 55 years and above in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Studies.ResultsIn multiple regression models that controlled simultaneously for gender, age, height, smoking, occupational exposure and history of asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, BMI, physical activity, and in the presence of other nutrient variables, daily supplementary vitamins A/C/E (b = 0·044, se = 0·022, P = 0·04), dietary fish intake at least thrice weekly (b = 0·058, se = 0·016, P < 0·0001) and daily supplementary n-3 PUFA (b = 0·068, se = 0·032, P = 0·034) were individually associated with forced expiratory volume in the first second. Supplemental n-3 PUFA was also positively associated with forced vital capacity (b = 0·091, se = 0·045, P = 0·045). No significant association with daily dairy product intake, vitamin D or Se supplements was observed.ConclusionsThe findings support the roles of antioxidant vitamins and n-3 PUFA in the pulmonary health of older persons.

scholarly journals Testosterone substitution of hypogonadal men prevents the age-dependent increases in body mass index, body fat and leptin seen in healthy ageing men: results of a cross-sectional study

2002 ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Rolf ◽  
S von Eckardstein ◽  
U Koken ◽  
E Nieschlag
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Testosterone Substitution ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Total Fat

INTRODUCTION: In healthy men, body weight and total fat content increase with advancing age, while serum testosterone levels decrease. In order to elucidate whether a causal relationship between these phenomena exists, we investigated the influence of testosterone or human chorionic gonadotrophin substitution on body mass index (BMI), total fat mass and serum leptin in testosterone-treated and untreated hypogonadal patients in comparison with ageing eugonadal men. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, the inter-relationships of body weight, total fat mass, serum sex hormones and leptin were analysed in untreated hypogonadal men (n=24; age 19-65 years), treated hypogonadal men (n=61; age 20-67 years) and healthy eugonadal men (n=60; age 24-78 years). Total fat mass was assessed by bioimpedance measurement. Univariate and multiple linear regression analysis was used to detect possible differences. RESULTS: In eugonadal men, serum testosterone levels decreased with advancing age (correlation coefficients: r=-0.71; P<0.0001), while BMI (r=0.39; P=0.002), total fat content (r=0.51; P<0.0001) and leptin (r=0.48; P<0.0001) increased significantly. In untreated hypogonadal patients, an increase in BMI (r=0.50; P=0.013) and total fat mass (r=0.41; P=0.044) was also observed with advancing age. However, in substituted hypogonadal patients, no age-dependent change in BMI (r=0.067; P=0.606), body fat content (r=-0.083; P=0.522), serum testosterone (r=-0,071; P=0.59) or serum leptin (r=-0.23; P=0.176) was found. CONCLUSION: Since testosterone-substituted older hypogonadal men show BMI and fat mass similar to those of younger eugonadal men and since non-treated hypogonadal men are similar to normal ageing men, testosterone appears to be an important factor contributing to these changes. Thus ageing men should benefit from testosterone substitution as far as body composition is concerned.

scholarly journals THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAT INTAKE AND PLASMA SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ACTIVITY WITH TELOMERE LENGTH OF MINANGKABAU ETHNICITY MEN, IN WEST SUMATERA, INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
AFRIWARDI AFRIWARDI ◽  
DELMI SULASTRI ◽  
YUNIAR LESTARI ◽  
DESMAWATI DESMAWATI ◽  
PRIMA MINERVA
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Fat

Objective: The purpose of this research is to investigate the correlation between fat intake and plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity with telomere length of Minangkabau ethnic men in West Sumatera, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Padang City in 2016, using a sample of 107 Minangkabau ethnic men, aged between 40 and 50 years. The total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake were collected using a food frequency questionnaire, and blood sample analysis to measure telomere length and plasma SOD activity. Results: This research indicated that an average telomere length was 584.59±305.92 bp, fat intake consists of total fat was 27.01±6.68% calorie, SFA was 24,7510.07% calorie, MUFA was 10.24±5.41% calorie, and PUFA was 7.35±3.54% calorie. Average of plasma SOD activity was 5.85±3.41 u/mL. There were no correlations between fat intake (total fat, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA) with telomere length (p>0.05), but there was a significant positive correlation between plasma SOD enzyme activity with telomere length (r=−0.202, p=0.037). Conclusion: Fat intake within normal limits does not correlate with telomere length, and plasma SOD activity is a risk factor for telomere shortening in ethnic Minangkabau men.

scholarly journals Reporting of trans-fat on labels of Brazilian food products

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2146-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Maria Silveira ◽  
David Alejandro Gonzalez-Chica ◽  
Rossana Pacheco da Costa Proença
Keyword(s):  
Food Products ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Food Labels ◽  
Trans Fat ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Vegetable Fat

AbstractObjectiveThe present study investigated how trans-fat is reported on the packaging of foods sold in a Brazilian supermarket.DesignThe present descriptive, cross-sectional study analysed the ingredient list, nutrition facts label and claims of no trans-fat on the packaging.SettingA large supermarket in Florianópolis, Brazil.SubjectsAll food products available at the supermarket.ResultsOf the 2327 study products, more than half had components containing trans-fat in the ingredient list, especially hydrogenated vegetable fat and its alternative names. A small percentage of food products reported some trans-fat content on the nutrition facts label and roughly a quarter of the food products claimed to contain no trans-fat on the front of the packaging. There was very low agreement among the trans-fat content reported in the nutrition facts label, claims of no trans-fat made on the packaging and the ingredient list.ConclusionsThere was low agreement among the different ways of reporting trans-fat, suggesting that it is not possible to rely on the nutrition facts label or no trans-fat claims printed on the packaging of Brazilian food products. Hence, the Brazilian legislation on food labels needs to change to improve the reliability of food labels and to help control the trans-fat intake of the population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of obesity, food choices and socio-economic status: a cross-sectional study in the north-west of Iran

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 996-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Dastgiri ◽  
Reza Mahdavi ◽  
Helda TuTunchi ◽  
Elnaz Faramarzi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

AbstractAimTo document the epidemiological features and influencing factors of obesity in the north-west of Iran, to provide baseline information for setting up a regional population-based centre to control and prevent obesity-related disorders in the area.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 subjects were selected/studied in Tabriz, one of the major cities in Iran. Data on basic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary assessment and physical activity were collected. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 30 kg m− 2for both women and men.ResultsTotal prevalence of obesity in the area was 22.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 18.0–27.6). The prevalence of obesity was 24% (95% CI: 18.5–31.4) for women and 18% (95% CI: 12.5–25.6) for men. For both women and men obesity prevalence showed a positive association with age (P < 0.001), while there was a negative correlation of obesity with education and income (P < 0.001). Fruit consumption decreased the risk of obesity in both women and men (odds ratio (OR) = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.49–0.71 vs. OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.51–0.74, respectively). The same significant pattern was observed for the consumption of green vegetables (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.57–0.63 vs. OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77–0.98 for women and men, respectively), legumes (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59–0.84 vs. OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66–0.91 for women and men, respectively) and dairy products (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.61–0.91 vs. OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63–0.93 for women and men, respectively).ConclusionsOur study showed that educational attainment, higher income and consumption of certain food groups (i.e. vegetables, fruits, legumes and dairy products) may decrease the risk of obesity. Our findings also indicate the crucial necessity of establishing a population-based centre for obesity in the area. The essential information is now achieved to propose to local health authorities to act accordingly. However, more population-based investigations on dietary choices are needed to develop effective preventive strategies to control overweight and obesity disorders in different regions.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and breast-feeding in Australian children

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1939-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A Grieger ◽  
Jane Scott ◽  
Lynne Cobiac
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the dietary patterns of a national sample of 2–8-year-old Australian children and to establish whether breast-feeding is associated with dietary patterns in this age group.DesignCross-sectional study using 24 h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.SettingAustralia.SubjectsA total of 2287 children aged 2–8 years.ResultsPrincipal component factor analysis identified three distinct patterns. The ‘Non-core food groups’ pattern included food groups such as whole-fat dairy products, cheese, medium–high sugar-sweetened breakfast cereals and sweet biscuits, no fruit, reduced/low-fat dairy products and wholegrain bread/rolls. The ‘Healthy, meat and vegetable’ pattern included vegetables, red meat, fruit and wholegrain bread/rolls and was inversely associated with take-away foods and carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages. The ‘Combination’ pattern contained many food groups including candy (not chocolate based), pasta/rice products, nuts/seeds, cakes and chocolate, but no fruit or vegetables. Of the 2287 children, 2064 (89·3 %) had been breast-fed. A positive association was found between breast-feeding and the healthy, meat and vegetable pattern (r= 0·267) but not with the other two patterns. Higher scores on this pattern were also associated with younger age, lower BMI, higher birth weight, high likelihood of being in the less-disadvantaged Socio-economic Indexes for Areas category and less likelihood of the child's parents having a lower educational level.ConclusionsThese results provide suggestive evidence that breast-feeding during infancy is associated with a healthy dietary pattern in childhood and offers a likely pathway to explain the previously reported association between breast-feeding and chronic disease.

scholarly journals THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAT INTAKE AND PLASMA SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ACTIVITY WITH TELOMERE LENGTH OF MINANGKABAU ETHNICITY MEN, IN WEST SUMATERA, INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afriwadi ◽  
Delmi Sulastri ◽  
Yuniar Lestari ◽  
Prima Minerva
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Fat

Objective: The purpose of this research is to investigate the correlation between fat intake and plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity with telomere length of Minangkabau ethnic men in West Sumatera, Indonesia.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Padang City in 2016, using a sample of 107 Minangkabau ethnic men, aged between 40 and 50 years. The total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake were collected using a food frequency questionnaire, and blood sample analysis to measure telomere length and plasma SOD activity.Results: This research indicated that an average telomere length was 584.59±305.92 bp, fat intake consists of total fat was 27.01±6.68% calorie, SFA was 24,7510.07% calorie, MUFA was 10.24±5.41% calorie, and PUFA was 7.35±3.54% calorie. Average of plasma SOD activity was 5.85±3.41 u/mL. There were no correlations between fat intake (total fat, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA) with telomere length (p&gt;0.05), but there was a significant positive correlation between plasma SOD enzyme activity with telomere length (r=−0.202, p=0.037).Conclusion: Fat intake within normal limits does not correlate with telomere length, and plasma SOD activity is a risk factor for telomere shortening in ethnic Minangkabau men.

scholarly journals Association between dietary fat intake and MRI-determined visceral, subcutaneous, or hepatic fat in men and women from the general population

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Meisinger ◽  
Susanne Rospleszcz ◽  
Elke Wintermeyer ◽  
Roberto Lorbeer ◽  
Barbara Thorand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake ◽  
Hepatic Fat ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractIntroduction:An increase in dietary fat intake - at the expense of dietary carbohydrate intake - may play an important role in the accumulation of adipose tissue at different sites and liver fat accumulation. Thus, the present study investigated the isocaloric substitution of dietary carbohydrates with fat, and its cross-sectional association with visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and hepatic fat content as determined by MRI.Material and Methods:Data from 283 participants (mean age 56.1 ± 9.0 years) from the KORA FF4 study study who underwent whole-body MRI were included. VAT, SAT, and total body fat were quantified by a volume-interpolated VIBE-T1w-Dixon MR sequence. Hepatic fat content was determined as the proton density fat-fraction (PDFF) derived from multiecho-T1w MR sequence. Habitual dietary intake was estimated by combining the information provided by repeated 24-h food lists and a food frequency questionnaire. Cross-sectional associations were analyzed using linear regressions.Results:Carbohydrate intake (in % of total energy intake (E%)) correlated significantly inversely with VAT (r = -0.34) and hepatic fat (r = -0,30), while fat intake (E%) correlated positively with hepatic fat content (r = 0.16). Replacing total carbohydrates with an isocaloric amount of total fat was significantly positively associated with VAT and hepatic fat, while there was no significant association with SAT. The multivariable adjusted β-coefficient for replacing 5 E% carbohydrates with total fat was 0.39 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.76) for VAT. An increase in total fat intake by 5% of total energy was associated with an increase in liver fat content by 24%. Dietary fiber intake was significantly inversely associated with VAT and hepatic lipid content.Discussion:In middle-aged adults, substitution of carbohydrates with total fat was associated with a higher volume of VAT and an increase of hepatic fat, while whole-grain associated carbohydrates show inverse associations. If reproduced in prospective studies, such findings would strongly argue for limiting dietary fat intake.

scholarly journals Dairy Product Consumption and Metabolic Diseases in the [email protected] Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lago-Sampedro ◽  
Eva García-Escobar ◽  
Elehazara Rubio-Martín ◽  
Nuria Pascual-Aguirre ◽  
Sergio Valdés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Product Consumption ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Dairy Product Consumption

To date it is not clear what the role of dairy products is in metabolic diseases like diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the association between dairy product consumption and those pathologies. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 5081 adults included in the [email protected] study, from 100 health centers around Spain. Food frequency questionnaires were carried out concerning consumption habits, which included dairy product consumption. Logistic regression models were used for the association analyses between the variables controlling confounding variables. Women had a higher consumption of milk, cheese, or yogurt than men (p < 0.0001), but men consumed more sugar dairy products (p < 0.001). People who live in the North of Spain consume more dairy products than those who live in the East. Dairy product consumption was inversely associated with the presence of hypertension regardless of age, sex, geographical region, and body mass index (BMI) (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.743; p = 0.022). The presence of obesity was inversely associated with dairy consumption regardless of age, sex, and geographical region (OR 0.61; p < 0.001). Milk consumption was not associated with diabetes. Our results show that consuming dairy products is associated with a better metabolic profile in the Spanish population.

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