Tracked Changes. Photocatalysis - Continuous flow test methods

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Flow Test

scholarly journals Study on Adaptability of Test Methods for Workability of Fresh Self-Compacting SFRC

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5312
Author(s):  
Xinxin Ding ◽  
Haibin Geng ◽  
Kang Shi ◽  
Li Song ◽  
Shangyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Slump Flow ◽  
Filling Ability ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
Passing Ability

To ensure the quality of concrete construction, the workability of fresh mix measured by rational test methods is critical to be controlled. With the presence of steel fibers, whether the test methods and evaluation indices of fresh self-compacting concrete (SCC) are adaptable for self-compacting steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) needs to be systematically verified. In this paper, seven groups of self-compacting SFRC, referenced with one group SCC, were prepared by using the mix proportion design method based on the steel fiber-aggregates skeleton packing test. The main factors included the volume fraction and the length of hooked-end steel fiber. Tests for filling ability, passing ability, and stability of fresh self-compacting SFRC and SCC were carried out. Results indicate that the adaptability was well for the slump-flow test with indices of slump flow and flow time T500 to evaluate the filling ability, the J-ring flow test with an index of PA level to evaluate the passing ability, and the static segregation test with an index of static segregation resistance to evaluate the stability of fresh self-compacting SFRC. By the repeated tests and measurements, the slump cone should be vertically lifted off to a height of 300 mm within 3 s at a constant speed, the spacing of the rebar in the J-ring test should be adjusted to be two times the fiber length. If the table jumping test is used, the dynamic segregation percent should be increased to 35% to fit the result of the static segregation test. Good workability of the self-compacting SFRC prepared in this study is presented with the general evaluation of test results.

scholarly journals The design and performance on 200N-class bipropellant rocket engine using decomposed H2O2 and Kerosene

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Yang-Suk LEE ◽  
Jun Hwan JANG
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Liquid Rocket Engine ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Green Propellant ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Liquid Rocket ◽  
Near Future

Mono-propellant thrusters are widely utilized in satellites and space launchers. In many cases, they are using hydrazine as a propellant. However, hydrazine has high toxicity and high risks in using for launch campaign. Recently, low-toxic (green) propellant is being highlighted as a replacement for hydrazine. In this paper, 200N bi-propellant engine using hydrogen peroxide/kerosene was designed/manufactured, and the spray or atomization characteristic and inflation pressure were determined by cold flow test, and combustion and pulse tests in a single cycle same as previous methods were conducted. As uniformly supplying hydrogen peroxide through plate-type orifice to a catalyst bed, the hot gas was created as a reaction with hydrogen and catalyst. And then, it was confirmed that the ignition is possible on the wide range of O/F ratio without additional ignition source. The liquid rocket engine with bi-propellant of hydrogen peroxide/kerosene and design/test methods which developed in this study are expected to be utilized as an essential database for designing of the ignitor/injector of bi-propellant liquid rocket engine using hydrogen peroxide/kerosene with high-thrust/performance in near future.

scholarly journals Testing Antimicrobials Against Biofilm Bacteria

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Alva Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria ◽  
And Diffusion

Abstract Standard laboratory methods are needed to assess the efficacy of antimicrobial agents that are applied to biofilm bacteria. Existing standard suspension tests and dried surface tests show much greater efficacy than antimicrobial agents applied to biofilms. The greater resistance of biofilm bacteria to antimicrobial agents can be attributed to a number of interacting factors, including reaction and diffusion processes that limit an agent's accessibility to bacteria, phenotypic changes in biofilm bacteria caused by stress, and adaptation of the bacteria. Because biofilm systems are so diverse, a variety of new biofilm tests with features that differ in important ways from existing tests will ultimately be required. For example, the biofilm test apparatus may include a pump and a continuous flow stirred tank reactor. This report provides an overview of biofilm testing and suggests a strategy for creating standard test methods.

A clinical evaluation of various delta check methods.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Wheeler ◽  
L B Sheiner
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Anion Gap ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Subsequent Test ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
The Cost

Abstract To evaluate the performance of delta check techniques, we analyzed 707 unselected pairs of continuous-flow test results, using three different delta check methods. If any of the test results (plus the urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio and the anion gap) failed one of the checks, the reason for the failure was sought by examining subsequent test results, retesting specimens, and (or) reviewing te patient's chart. Each delta check failure was accordingly classified as a true or false positive. The percentage of positives we judged to be true positives ranged from 5 to 29%. Each of the three methods had test types with low and high percentages of true positives. We conclude that with the delta check methods one can detect errors otherwise overlooked, but at the cost of investigating many false positives, because, in the population we studied, disease processes or therapy often caused large changes in a series of test results for a patient.

Acute toxicity of selenium to three species of marine invertabrates, with notes on a continuous-flow test system

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ahsanullah ◽  
DH Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Test System ◽  
System A ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Flow Test

Acute toxicity of selenium (as sodium selenite) to three invertebrates common in Victorian coastal waters was determined using a continuous-flow test system. A description of the system is given. The three species were a cumacean, Cyclaspis usitata; juveniles of the bivalve Notocallista sp.; and two stocks of the laboratory-cultured amphipod Allorchestes compressa. Stock 1 of A. compressa was originally collected from Middle Spit, Western Port, and stock 11 from Somers, Western Port. The 96-h LC50 values for C. usitata, Notocallista sp. and stocks 1 and 11 of A. compressa were 6.12, 2.88, 6.17 and 4.77 mg selenium per litre respectively. The results indicated that juveniles of Notocallista sp. were more sensitive to selenium than adult A. compressa. The lack of information on the toxicity of selenium to invertebrates is indicated.

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