Surfaces for sports areas - Test method for the determination of Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and Critical Fall Height (CFH)

AbstractThe paper presents a review of the basic literature on the determination of head injury effects. Introduction to the subject of Head Injury Criterion (HIC) applications as likelihood of head injury measures was made. Individual levels of Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) were listed as a representation of the consequences of head injury. Prasad and Mertz curves describing the relationship between the HIC value and the probability of injury for a given AIS level were presented. Exponential models, developed by the authors, representing individual curves were presented. The probability of head injuries at different AIS levels was estimated for selected case studies presented in the literature devoted to human workplace safety. The analysis was concluded with debate and conclusions on the use of the proposed models.

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Tire Treadwear — A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Factors: Generic Type, Aspect Ratio, Tread Pattern, and Tread Composition Part I: Introduction and Details on the Organization of the Program

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2148774 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 201-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. G. Veith

Keyword(s):

Aspect Ratio ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Test Method ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Data Analyses ◽

Main Effect ◽

Systematic Determination ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This four-part series of papers addresses the problem of systematic determination of the influence of several tire factors on tire treadwear. Both the main effect of each factor and some of their interactive effects are included. The program was also structured to evaluate the influence of some external-to-tire conditions on the relationship of tire factors to treadwear. Part I describes the experimental design used to evaluate the effects on treadwear of generic tire type, aspect ratio, tread pattern (groove or void level), type of pattern (straight rib or block), and tread compound. Construction procedures and precautions used to obtain a valid and functional test method are included. Two guiding principles to be used in the data analyses of Parts II and III are discussed. These are the fractional groove and void concept, to characterize tread pattern geometry, and a demonstration of the equivalence of wear rate for identical compounds on whole tread or multi-section tread tires.

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