Cross-country skis. Determination of mass and location of balance point

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (625) ◽  
pp. 24-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bauer ◽  
José V Rodríguez Mora

Abstract We present a model of heterogeneous firms and misallocation in which financial frictions are partially overcome if more human resources are devoted to intermediation, at the cost of having fewer resources employed in directly productive activities. Not only does an inefficient financial sector result in an inefficient final good sector; an inefficient final good sector results in an inefficient financial sector. Exogenous inefficiencies in the productive sector generate decreased demand for financial services, which translates into a smaller and less efficient financial sector, worsening the resource allocation in the productive sector. This direction of causality seems in line with cross-country evidence.


Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 1034-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorazd Krese ◽  
Žiga Lampret ◽  
Vincenc Butala ◽  
Matjaž Prek

Author(s):  
Kurt Schindelwig ◽  
Martin Mössner ◽  
Michael Hasler ◽  
Werner Nachbauer

The rolling resistance of skis used in roller skiing competitions should resemble the gliding resistance of cross-country skis to allow specific training and moving patterns for cross-country skiing and to guarantee equal opportunities for athletes in roller ski races. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to develop a portable rolling resistance meter to precisely measure the rolling resistance of roller skis. Measurements were based on recordings of the angular deceleration of a flywheel due to the rolling resistance between a roller ski’s wheel and the flywheel’s steel surface. Rolling resistance coefficients of four roller ski types ranged between 0.019 and 0.025. Measurements of the rolling resistance coefficient showed a precision of 1.26%. Substantial rolling resistance coefficient variations (10%) were observed for wheels of the same type. Furthermore, the rolling resistance coefficient was found to be negatively correlated with normal load or ambient temperature. The proposed rolling resistance meter is appropriate to determine the rolling resistance coefficient of roller skis’ wheels precisely.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 833-833
Author(s):  
Jinbao Zhang ◽  
Julia Shu-Huah Wang ◽  
Yu-Chih Chen

Abstract Objectives The consumer-directed care (CDC) program aims to maximize health outcomes by offering older adults more control, choice, and flexibility over the care services they received. However, countries may operate CDC programs in different ways based on heterogenous sociostructural systems. We proposed a comparative framework to evaluate three dimensions of CDC—control and direct services, variety of service options, and information and support—and analyzed how countries varied in their policy design to achieve consumer direction. Methods Using cross-national document analysis, we analyzed eleven CDC programs from seven selected countries (Netherlands, United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), Germany, China, Australia, and Spain) with five CDC care regimes. A total of fourteen indicators capturing three dimensions of CDC programs was developed. We further used these indicators to evaluate and compare similarities and differences of policy features across countries using descriptive statistics and graphical approaches. Results CDC programs in the Netherlands, Arkansas, and the UK ranked at the top in consumer direction. All countries except Germany employed a “service-based” principle in determination of service type. Training care workers was in the most widespread use to assure quality of care. Merely the UK and Germany integrated CDC and conventional agency care without restrictions. Representative with relevant support was only available in the UK and Netherlands. Discussion and Implication: CDC models involve multi-faced aspects, rather than dichotomies and discrete entities. Implications include the need for a systematic reflection with our developed framework and enriching variety of service options to promote consumer direction.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document