Soil quality. Detection of water soluble chromium(VI) using a ready-to-use test-kit method

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Quality Detection ◽  
Test Kit

scholarly journals Patent-information support for assessing the environmental status of the soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 36-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Samokhvalova ◽  
O. V. Mangryka ◽  
A. I. Fateev ◽  
V. M. Gorjakina
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Patent Information ◽  
Environmental Status

Innovative (patent information research, elaboration of new methods and their implementation) and environmental management, the using of human-contaminated soils, soil protection against pollution and its prevention are the basic directions of the strategic management of soil resources. In conditions of intensive anthropogenic pressure the assessment of the ecological status of soils is an important factor, which reduces the risks of soil degradation and to propose ways to restore their productive and ecological functions on the further development of functional - ecological approach in soil science (Dobrovolsky, Nikitin, 1986, 1996). Therefore, urgent and important in theoretical and practical aspect is the elaboration of new technical decisions (methods) of soil quality assessment to create conditions to improve and to prevent the reduction of the level of productivity of soils and plants, the deterioration of their quality. The purpose of the investigations – the analysis of information sources existing patent information base of Ukraine and Russia on the issue of the environmental assessment of soils and perform patent research. Tasks perform patent research: the technical level of the object; analysis of scientific and technical activities leading developers; studying trends existing way to do that; techno-economic analysis of technical solutions/inventions that meet the objectives of the development; the study of the newness and novelty of the developed object and its constituent parts; investigated of the feasibility of its legal protection. It was considered the features of assessment of the soils environmental status in the investigation of the current patent-information database in Ukraine and Russia, components of which are developed new technical decisions. It was reviewed the providing patent information to assess the ecological status of both contaminated and uncontaminated soils. By analysis it was found that the patent-information support of Ukraine and Russia relative to existing methods of soils ecological status assessment is presented by the following ways: the ways of assessing of the soils research background concentrations, mobile, gross or water-soluble forms of trace elements and heavy metals; estimates based on bioassay and bioindication in combination with chemical analytical measurement indicators; comprehensive and expert evaluation of the properties of soils and its contamination; assessment of soil quality, considering the physical, physic-chemical and others properties; assessment of soil pollution using GIS technology, etc. The technical result of the developed methods is to improve the objectivity of assessment of changing soil quality and accuracy of the expert-analytical assessments of functional suitability of soils certain territory to growing different crops on a permanent or constant impact factor of pollution; for zoning for maximum efficiency use of different methods, methods of remediation of contaminated soils or soil improvers of different nature and micronutrients using to optimize the trace element status of soil and plants, soil quality; to evaluate the effectiveness of the testing results of the elaborated technical decisions in different soil-climatic zones.

A novel water-soluble chitosan linked fluorescent carbon dots and isophorone diisocyanate fluorescent material toward detection of chromium(vi)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (48) ◽  
pp. 8554-8565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Fengxian Qiu ◽  
Haiyan Wu ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Isophorone Diisocyanate ◽  
Fluorescent Material ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon Dots ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon

A novel water-soluble chitosan linked fluorescent carbon dots and isophorone diisocyanate toward detection of chromium(vi).

Enzyme activity and C and N pools in soil following application of mulches

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Masciandaro ◽  
B. Ceccanti ◽  
S. Benedicto ◽  
H. C. Lee ◽  
H. F. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Soil Biochemical Properties ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
C And N

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of some mulching materials on soil biochemical properties that represent a component of soil quality and functionality. Wheat straw, dairy manure compost, and black polyethylene were used in the mulching experiments of a soil seeded with forage maize. Soil samples were taken from the surface (0–10 cm) and subsurface (10–20 cm) layers 1 and 4 mo after treatments were applied. Soil productivity, biochemical and chemical properties were determined. Compost treatment showed the highest agronomic yield due to the release of nutrients for plant nutrition and soil metabolism. Dehydrogenase activity was used as a measurement of overall microbial activity, whereas β-glucosidase and urease hydrolase activities were determined as an expression of C and N cycles. In addition, a ratio between dehydrogenase activity and water soluble carbon (defined as “metabolic potential index”) was calculated, in order to better represent soil metabolic potential. Compost-mulch treatment showed the lowest ratio values, while straw mulch had the highest value. A similar trend was found for β-glucosidase activity. The data confirmed the validity and sensitivity of the metabolic potential index and β-glucosidase enzyme in monitoring the change of soil biochemical properties and of soil quality during soil management practices. Key words: Soil enzyme activities, mulching practice, soil quality

Soil quality as affected by amendments in bean-potato rotations

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Moulin ◽  
K. Buckley ◽  
K. Volkmar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Organic C ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Water Soluble P ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Soluble P ◽  
High Concentrations

Moulin, A. P., Buckley, K. E. and Volkmar, K. 2011. Soil quality as affected by amendments in pinto bean-potato rotations. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 533–542. The potential for adverse effects on soil quality and erosion in pinto bean–potato rotations is significant due to low levels of residue input to the soil following potatoes or beans, and the effect of tillage on soil structure, particularly in sandy-textured soils typical of the potato-growing area of Manitoba. Soil quality is reduced by low inputs of residue and carbon commensurate with an increase in the proportion of small and unstable aggregates susceptible to erosion. Furthermore N and P concentrations at the soil surface may be affected by various management options including fall cover crops, application of straw and the use of composted manure. In a study conducted at Carberry, MB, from 2000 to 2006, KCl-extractible NO3-N and Olsen P were determined in the fall prior to seeding in each year of the study. Water-soluble P, determined in the fall of 2005 for selected treatments, increased with application of compost. Soil organic C, total N and the proportion of erodible (<0.5-mm diameter) aggregates and stability of aggregates were measured in 2006 for treatments with fall-applied compost, cereal straw, and spring-applied anionic polyacrylamide (PAM). The proportion of erodible aggregates and aggregate stability were not consistently affected by treatment. Application of PAM did not affect stability of wet-sieved aggregates (1.3 to 2.0 mm), but decreased the proportion of small aggregates (<0.5 mm) in 2002. Soil C in the 0– to 5-cm depth increment increased with fall application of composted beef cattle manure. However, no effect was observed on the dry-sieved distribution of aggregates <0.5 mm in diameter. Soil quality, as indicated by an increase in soil organic C, can be improved by application of composted beef cattle manure, but levels of water-soluble P will increase, potentially increasing the risk of high concentrations of P in runoff. This research shows that the addition of compost and straw improves soil quality in terms of soil carbon and aggregate stability in bean–potato rotations. However, the proportion of erodible aggregates also increased, though not to levels that contribute significantly to soil erosion. Compost inputs must be monitored to reduce the potential for high concentrations and runoff of water-soluble P at the soil surface.

scholarly journals STANDARDIZATION OF BALAMULA CHURNA (SIDA CORDIFOLIA L. ROOT POWDER)

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
T. JYOSTNA KUMARI ◽  
G. PENCHALA PRATAP ◽  
SHYAM BABOO PRASAD ◽  
P. H. C. MURTHY ◽  
GOLI PENCHALA PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Physicochemical Parameter ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Quality Detection ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Sida Cordifolia

Objective: In this study, an attempt was made to generate information based on, physicochemical parameter preliminary phytochemical screening and HPTLC data needed for proper identification and authentication of Balamula Churna. Methods: The physicochemical parameters such as water-soluble extractive, alcohol soluble extractive and loss on drying at 105 °C, total ash and acid insoluble ash were determined according to standard methods. HPTLC studies were conducted and Rf values were documented. Results: Physicochemical parameter value were documented as pH (6.81%), LOD (7.5%), water-soluble extractive value (6.32%), alcohol soluble extractive value (5.92%) total Ash (9.00%) and Acid Insoluble Ash (1.60%). Preliminary phytochemical screening reveals the presence of glycoside, alkaloid, carbohydrate, phenol, flavonoid and saponin. HPTLC screening showed the presence of significant phytoconstituents with Rf value 0.02, 0.27, 0.34 and 0.96. Conclusion: All the results obtained from this study can be helpful in evaluation quality, detection of adulteration and substitution and emphasizing the importance of standardization.

Water-soluble pyridine-based colorimetric chemosensor for naked eye detection of silver ions: design, synthesis, spectral and theoretical investigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 9610-9615 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Annaraj ◽  
M. A. Neelakantan
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Eye Detection ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Colorimetric Chemosensor ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Naked Eye Detection

A selective and sensitive colorimetric chemosensor (L) for silver ions is reported. Various spectroscopic results show the sensing properties of (L). A simple and cost effective test kit has been prepared for the detection of silver ion in water samples.

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