scholarly journals Institutional Regulation of the Healthcare System in the Context of Spreading COVID-19 in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-90
Author(s):  
Violetta Rusova ◽  
Anait Mkrtumova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Other World ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The modern era of globalization creates specific socio-ecological conditions for the existence of the world human community, which, in turn, determine the singularity of the epidemiological behaviour of many infectious diseases. The year 2020 has challenged the humanity with a pandemic that is rapidly spreading around the world. Global relationships are fraught with global epidemiological problems. Such manifestations of globalization as intensified international migration of population, roaring international trade in agricultural products, domestic and wild animals and birds, food, raw materials and goods, development of high-speed transport, turn the world into a single global socio-ecological epidemiological system, in which all processes are interconnected and mutually dependent. The purpose of this research is to study and analyse the system of institutional regulation of the health system in the context of a pandemic. The study used such methods as the analysis method, analogies, comparisons, observations, as well as statistical methods to analyse various indicators necessary for research. Using the above methods, a large amount of literature, legislation, regulatory and institutional regulations on this issue was analysed, some existing indicators were summarized, and a conclusion was made about the process of institutional regulation in an unfavourable epidemiological situation. As a result of the study based on a large number of official documents, it was concluded that measures were taken in the Russian Federation to counteract the active spread of a new coronavirus infection. Implementation of the state policy on preventing the spread of the pandemic resulted in no high mortality rate from new coronavirus infection compared to other world states. It should be noted that due to the federal structure of the country, the heads of regions independently decide on the regulation of mechanisms to counter the spread of infection on the territory of the subject. In this regard, it is not possible to promptly update information on the effectiveness of the measures taken. Currently, the risk-based approach described in the article is a mechanism for studying the epidemiological situation, which allows determining the risk factors that affect it and, on this basis, to rank epidemiological problems by their degree of importance. Due to the fact that the pandemic as a new virus was an unexpected risk, the clinical picture remains blurred, but the institutional form of state regulation is fused to protect the rights of citizens to health care under conditions of the pandemic.   

scholarly journals Conceptual aspects of the activities of the Federal Service of the National Guard of the Russian Federation during a difficult epidemiological situation in the country

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Palyuh ◽  
Mihail Popov ◽  
Viktor Splender
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

At the end of January 2020, our country faced a new threat to national security, namely the infection of the population with a coronavirus infection, from which a vaccine has not yet been developed. As a result of the activity of COVID-19, there are cases of death, carriers of this virus. The main problem of the new virus is its increased level of infectivity, transmission is carried out by airborne droplets (when coughing or sneezing) and by contact (handrails in vehicles, door handles and other contaminated surfaces and objects). The epidemic, which has grown into a pandemic, does not allow maintaining the appropriate level of security of the country and the implementation of the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens of the Russian Federation, and therefore, to restore these rights and freedoms, it is necessary to use all the state's capabilities to prevent the spread of infection and develop a medicine. The process of self-isolation of citizens of our country does not give the expected results, a huge number of people are forced to continue to carry out their work, and therefore, with the help of conscious self-isolation of citizens, it will not work to stop the spread of a new infection and it is necessary to resort to other measures that regulate the movement of citizens and social activity. To this end, legislative and executive authorities introduce new measures to prevent the spread of infection. The Federal Service of the National Guard Troops does not stand aside and directs all its efforts to preventing the spread of infection.

scholarly journals COVID‑19 mathematical forecasting in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-294
Author(s):  
I. A. Lakman ◽  
A. A. Agapitov ◽  
L. F. Sadikova ◽  
O. V. Chernenko ◽  
S. V. Novikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Effective Analysis

A new coronavirus infection (CVI) is a challenge to the medical system of the Russian Federation and requires precise flow forecasting to take the necessary measures on time. The article provides an overview of modern mathematical tools for predicting the course of CVI in the world. The created CVI forecasting project office allowed to determine the most effective analysis tools in the Russian Federation — the ARIMA, SIRD and Holt–Winters exponential smoothing models. Implementation of these models allows for prediction of short-term morbidity, mortality and survival of patients with an accuracy of 99 % both in the Russian Federation in general and in the regions. In addition, the distribution of CVI was characterized. Particularly, Moscow and Moscow region have the maximum spread of infection, and other regions are lagging behind in the dynamics of the incidence by 1–3 weeks. The obtained models allow us to predict the course of the disease in the regions successfully and take the necessary measures in a timely manner.

scholarly journals LICENSED ANTHRAX VACCINES AND EXPERIMENTAL PREPARATIONS AT THE STAGE OF CLINICAL TRIALS

2017 ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
N. I. Mikshis ◽  
P. Yu. Popova ◽  
A. P. Semakova ◽  
V. V. Kutyrev
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The World ◽  
High Pathogenicity ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Anthrax Vaccines ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

High pathogenicity of anthrax agent combined with unique insensitivity of its spore forms to environmental stresses class it among extremely dangerous biological agents. Registered and effectively used anthrax vaccines made invaluable contribution to the improvement of epidemiological situation around the world. Nevertheless, neglect of non-specific prophylaxis may result in dramatic scenarios and require large-scale measures on rectification of the consequences. Efforts on the development of next-generation vaccines are aimed at safety build-up, decrease in frequency of administration, and enhancement of manufacturing technologies. The review contains the key information on licensed anthrax vaccines designed for medical use, both in the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad. Among multiple experimental developments emphasized have been preparations manufactured by various biopharmaceutical companies in compliance with GMP standards, at different phases of clinical trials in 2016.

scholarly journals Review of the Current Epidemiological Situation on the Incidence of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the World and Forecast of the Incidence for the Territory of the Russian Federation in 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Savitskaya ◽  
V. A. Trifonov ◽  
G. Sh. Isaeva ◽  
I. D. Reshetnikova ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Average Level ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Autonomous Regions ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The paper presents analysis of epidemiological situation on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome around the world and in the Russian Federation over the period of 2009–2018. 5855 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were registered in Russia in 2018 (3.99 per one hundred thousand of the population). Downward trend is observed as compared to 2017 (by 29.6 %). Cases of cluster infection were not reported. It is established that the highest level of morbidity, exceeding the average level across Russia 3.9 times, was noted in the Volga Federal District, where 77.5% of the total cases occurred. The territory of the Russian Federation was differentiated by the HFRS incidence rates. The areas with high levels of morbidity included the entities of the Russian Federation with intensive index range between 9.08 and 41.39 per one hundred thousand of the population, among them Republics of Bashkortostan, Mari El, Tatarstan, and Mordovia, Udmurt and Chuvashi Republics, Kirov, Nizhny Novgorod, Penza, Samara, Ulyanovsk, Kostroma, Yaroslavl, and Jewish Autonomous Regions. The forecast for preservation of tense epidemiological situation on HFRS incidence in the territory of the Volga Federal District was substantiated.

scholarly journals Foreign Experience of State Management of Raw Materials Industries and the Possibility of its Implementation in the Russian Federation in the Post-Covid Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Dmitry Rodnyansky ◽  
Ivan Makarov ◽  
Evgeniya Korotayeva ◽  
Vadim Kovrigin ◽  
Vladislav Nazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
State Management ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

In modern conditions, issues related to the effectiveness of the regulation of the oil industry by the state are becoming increasingly important. In January 2018, the World Economic Forum was held in Davos, which, in particular, noted the impact of the growth of protectionist trends in the global trade in hydrocarbons, and the impact of climate change on the planet on the export of hydrocarbons. As a result of the forum, the key ways of adjusting the policy of states in the relevant area were identified. At the same time, a significant number of states are already seeing the process of changing state regulation of the industry. In this article, the authors analyzed the systems of state regulation of the oil industry in different countries, and also gave assessments of the possibility of integrating new mechanisms into the system of sectoral management in Russia in the conditions of post-covid reality

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION ON INBOUND TOURISM IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 232-239
Author(s):  
Алена Александровна Бесперстова ◽  
Елена Валерьевна Зобова
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Inbound Tourism ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Целью исследования является изучение текущей эпидемиологической ситуации на въездной туризм в России, анализ проблем в данном направлении, что впоследствии поможет выявить эффективные пути их решения. Коронавирус рассматривается как препятствие для развития въездного туризма в Российской Федерации. Конечным результатом исследования является определение основных направлений по решению актуальных проблем развития въездного туризма в условиях распространения коронавирусной инфекции. Научная новизна статьи характеризуется применением авторского подхода к пониманию сложившейся ситуации и предлагаемым вариантам решения проблемы. Основные проблемы въездного туризма, связанные с распространением коронавирусной инфекции, систематизированы по группам, определены возможные пути их решения, отражены ожидаемые результаты реализации предлагаемых мер. The aim of the research is to study the current epidemiological situation in inbound tourism in Russia, analyze problems in this direction, which will subsequently help to identify effective ways to solve them. The coronavirus is seen as an obstacle to the development of inbound tourism in the Russian Federation. The end result of the study is the identification of the main directions for solving urgent problems of the development of inbound tourism in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection. The scientific novelty of the article is characterized by the use of the author's approach to understanding the current situation and the proposed solutions to the problem. The main problems of inbound tourism associated with the spread of coronavirus infection are systematized by groups, possible ways to solve them are identified, and the expected results of the implementation of the proposed measures are reflected.

scholarly journals STRATEGIES FOR RETENTION GLOBAL LEADERSHIP OF SMALL HIGH-TECH COMPANIES IN NARROWLY FOCUSED MARKETS

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
F. A. Kurakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Global Market ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right

In the absence of the development of exports of high-tech industries, the implementation of strategic tasks for the accelerated growth of the economy set by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation until 2024” of May 7, 2018 No. 240 is unlikely. According to most researchers, the main potentially possible commodity items in non-raw materials exports, which are in demand in the world markets, are the products of engineering, pharmaceutical industry, apparatus and devices used in medicine. Therefore, the right to participate in foreign economic activity is delegated, first of all, to large domestic companies. However, today Russia is a country with a large assortment of production of simple products, which requires building a systematic approach in the formation of both economic policy in general and export in particular in the direction of developing of non-resource industries that produce high-tech products. The analysis of the strategies for retaining the leading positions in narrow niche segments in the global market, analysis of the competitive and diversifying strategy of the German company Poly-clip System, which is the world’s leading producer of clipping systems and the world leader in the food packaging segment was performed.

scholarly journals Review of the Epidemiological Situation on Ixodic Tick-Borne Borreliosis in the Russian Federation in 2010–2020 and Prognosis for 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
S. A. Rudakova ◽  
N. A. Pen’evskaya ◽  
A. I. Blokh ◽  
N. V. Rudakov ◽  
D. V. Trankvilevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Objective was to analyze the epidemiological situation on Ixodidae tick-borne borreliosis (ITBB) in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the dynamics over the period of 2010–2020, taking into account the features of the year 2020, associated with the spread of COVID-19, and to forecast the development of the epidemic process for 2021. In 2020, 4180 cases of ITBB were registered in the Russian Federation, which is 1.93 times less than in 2019 and 1.73 times less than the long-term average annual figure for the previous 10 years. A significant decrease was noted in all federal districts (FD), with the exception of the Central FD, where more than half of all cases occurred. Compared to 2019, 75 out of 78 subjects experienced a decrease in the incidence rate in 2020, while in 56 entities that decrease was statistically significant. The multiplicity of the decrease in the incidence of ITBB in 2020 for all FD was significantly greater than the multiplicity of the decrease in the frequency of contacts of the population with ticks. Infection of Ixodidae ticks of various species with borrelia in natural foci in 2020 was statistically significantly higher than in 2019. Probably, the decrease in the registered incidence of ITBB against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic is due not only to a decrease in the intensity of contacts of the population with natural foci, but also to a sharp redistribution of the volume of inpatient and outpatient medical care in favor of COVID-19 patients. Given the high degree of significance of the identified trends in the dynamics of the epidemic ITBB process during 2010–2020, there is reason to expect an increase in the incidence in the Bryansk, Voronezh, Ryazan, Tula and Saratov regions in 2021, which requires special attention in terms of strengthening preventive measures and monitoring of the activity and structure of natural foci. In the rest of the entities of the Russian Federation, provided that the volumes of preventive measures are maintained on the same level and in the absence of abnormal natural and climatic phenomena, preservation or a slight reduction in the incidence of ITBB is likely to occur in the short term. At the same time, despite the tense situation regarding the new coronavirus infection, there is an obvious need to draw close attention to the problems of diagnosis and prevention of natural focal infections.

scholarly journals Review of Hantavirus Infections in the World, Epidemiological Situation on Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the Russian Federation in 2020 and a Forecast for 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
T. A. Savitskaya ◽  
A. V. Ivanova ◽  
G. Sh. Isaeva ◽  
I. D. Reshetnikova ◽  
E. Kabve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Federal District ◽  
European Part ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The review used the data from operational monitoring carried out by the Reference Center for Monitoring over HFRS – “Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Rospotrebnadzor”, based on official data provided by the Rospotrebnadzor institutions in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Statistical processing was conducted using conventional methods of variation statistics applying the Excel program. Over the past decades, hantavirus diseases have become very relevant and spread throughout the world. In the territory of the Russian Federation, natural foci of HFRS are located in the European part of the country, Western Siberia and Far East. The most epidemically active foci are situated in the European part of Russia. Over the past decade, the intensive incidence rate of HFRS in the Russian Federation stayed within the range of 3.0–9.5 per 100 thousand of the population, the long-term average annual indicator – 5.2 per 100 thousand of the population. In 2020, 3845 cases of HFRS were registered (2.62 per 100,000 of the population). There was a decrease in the incidence of HFRS by 3.6 times, compared with the indicators of 2019. A factor that may have influenced the decrease in the incidence of HFRS was the depression of the epizootic process among small mammals, the main carriers of HFRS pathogens, due to natural and climatic factors. The nature of the distribution of HFRS incidence across the territory of the Russian Federation in 2020 was heterogeneous. Statistical processing of the data made it possible to identify 5 groups of territories that differ in the level of HFRS incidence. Almost all constituent entities of the Volga Federal District and the Kostroma Region belonging to the Central Federal District were classified as groups of territories with high and very high incidence rates. In 2021, the deterioration of the epidemiological situation is predicted in the summer-autumn period of the year in the Volga Federal District and four entities of the Central Federal District. 

scholarly journals The global economy and vegetable growing in Russia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (results of 2020 and prospects for recovery

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
V. F. Pivovarov ◽  
R. A. Meshcheryakova ◽  
T. N. Surikhina ◽  
O. A. Razin ◽  
A. A. Tareeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the results of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy and the economy of the Russian Federation at the end of 2020. The quarantine measures introduced by the countries continue to negatively affect the economic situation in the world and the economies of individual countries. There is an acute shortage of seasonal workers in the agricultural sector of the countries of the world. The introduction of restrictions on the export of goods reduced the volume of imports. In Russia, the growth rate of imports from non-CIS countries has decreased. In January 2021, compared to January 2020, imports for food products and raw materials for their production decreased by 4.2%, and for vegetables – by 11.5%. According to the Federal Customs Service, the export of vegetables increased 3 times in terms of physical volumes and only 11% in terms of value. The growth in the physical volumes of export of products of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation did not lead to a corresponding increase in revenue. The prices for vegetables imported into the country were 2.5-3.4 times higher than the prices for exported ones. Despite some difficulties, losses in this area due to the pandemic were minimal. The gross harvest of vegetables in the country as a whole amounted to 13.8 million tons, which is 1.7% below the level of 2019. At the same time, the gross harvest of vegetables in open ground decreased by 3.1%, vegetables in protected ground increased by 6.6%. Difficulties encountered in implementation. During the crisis period due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for vegetables fell by 30%. Consumers, in an effort to improve their immunity, began to buy more environmentally friendly and healthy products, including vegetables. The demand for organic products has grown by 15-20%. To accelerate the economic recovery, it was necessary to take additional measures on the part of states to support producers and consumers, restore purchasing power and help businesses, expand access to credit resources, stimulate investment activity, and reduce the tax burden on businesses and the population. In Russia, financial support for the main measures of state policy in the field of the agro-industrial complex is carried out within the framework of the implementation of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and the regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food.

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