scholarly journals Alcohol use among adults in Uganda: findings from the countrywide non-communicable diseases risk factor cross-sectional survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Ndugwa Kabwama ◽  
Sheila Ndyanabangi ◽  
Gerald Mutungi ◽  
Ronald Wesonga ◽  
Silver K. Bahendeka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals A Delphi study for exploring nutritional policy priorities to reduce prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Islamic Republic of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Eini Zinab ◽  
Naser Kalantari ◽  
Alireza Ostadrahimi ◽  
Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi ◽  
Samira Pourmoradian
Keyword(s):  
Delphi Study ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Policy Option ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Food Labeling ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Priority Policy

Background: Identifying and prioritizing the most appropriate policies for enhancing nutritional habits are vital for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study was conducted to prioritize the nutritional policies in Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional survey applying the two-round Delphi technique was used to prioritize policy options in preventing the burden of NCDs. In the first round, the experts in health and nutrition policy were asked to prioritize 21 policy options on a 5-point Likert scale. After analyzing the first-round questionnaire, the highest mean and lowest dispersion index were calculated as an indicator of high-priority options. In the second round, the policy options suggested by the participants were added to the second-round questionnaire. Finally, the questionnaires were sent to all the participants in case they desired to change their opinions. Results: The expert achieved consensus on “principles of healthy eating” courses in the curriculum of students as a high-priority policy option. In this regard, “promoting community education and customizing healthy food choice” was the next high priority policy option. On the other hand, the lowest policy priority option was “sending free/low-price healthy drinks at home”. The three high priority policy categories were reformulating the content of food, enhancing the consumers’ knowledge, and food labeling, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings showed that reformulation, food promotion, and food labeling had the highest priorities for preventing NCDs in Iran. Although food provision policies were costeffective in developing countries such as Iran, it is essential to provide sub-structures for the reformulation of food products.

scholarly journals Association between socioeconomic status and prevalence of non-communicable diseases risk factors and comorbidities in Bangladesh: findings from a nationwide cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e025538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuhin Biswas ◽  
Nick Townsend ◽  
Md Saimul Islam ◽  
Md Rajibul Islam ◽  
Rajat Das Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the prevalence and distribution in the comorbidity of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the adult population in Bangladesh by measures of socioeconomic status (SES).DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.SettingThis study used Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011 data.ParticipantsTotal 8763 individuals aged ≥35 years were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measures were diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN) and overweight/obesity. The study further assesses factors (in particular SES) associated with these comorbidities (DM, HTN and overweight/obesity).ResultsOf 8763 adults,12% had DM, 27% HTN and 22% were overweight/obese (body mass index ≥23 kg/m2). Just over 1% of the sample had all three conditions, 3% had both DM and HTN, 3% DM and overweight/obesity and 7% HTN and overweight/obesity. DM, HTN and overweight/obesity were more prevalent those who had higher education, were non-manual workers, were in the richer to richest SES and lived in urban settings. Individuals in higher SES groups were also more likely to suffer from comorbidities. In the multivariable analysis, it was found that individual belonging to the richest wealth quintile had the highest odds of having HTN (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.49, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.72), DM (AOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.14) and overweight/obesity (AOR 4.3, 95% CI 3.32 to 5.57).ConclusionsIn contrast to more affluent countries, individuals with NCDs risk factors and comorbidities are more common in higher SES individuals. Public health approaches must consider this social patterning in tackling NCDs in the country.

scholarly journals Prison primary care and non-communicable diseases: a data-linkage survey of prevalence and associated risk factors

BJGP Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen19X101643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nat MJ Wright ◽  
Philippa Hearty ◽  
Victoria Allgar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Clinical Records

BackgroundThe size and mean age of the prison population has increased rapidly in recent years. Prisoners are a vulnerable group who, compared with the general population, experience poorer health outcomes. However, there is a dearth of research quantifying the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among prisoner populations.AimTo explore both the prevalence of NCDs and their risk factors.Design & settingA cross-sectional survey was undertaken that was compared with clinical records in two male prisons in the north of England.MethodSelf-report surveys were completed by 199 prisoners to assess sociodemographic characteristics, general health, NCD prevalence, and risk factor prevalence. Data were checked against that retrieved from prison clinical records.ResultsIt was found that 46% reported at least one NCD and 26% reported at least one physical health NCD. The most common self-reported NCD was 'anxiety and depression' (34%), followed by 'respiratory disease' (17%), and 'hypertension' (10%). Having a physical health NCD was independently associated with increasing age or drug dependence.The level of agreement between clinical records and self-report ranged from 'fair' for alcohol dependence (kappa 0.38; P<0.001) to 'very good' for diabetes (kappa 0.86; P<0.001).ConclusionCompared with mainstream populations and despite high prevalence of risk factors for NCDs physical illness NCDs, with the exception of respiratory disease, are less common. However, poor mental health is more common. These differences are possibly owing to the younger average age of prison populations, since prevalence of risk factors was reported as high.Secondary data analysis of clinical records is a more methodologically robust way of monitoring trends in prisoner population disease prevalence.

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Aligarh: a community based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2576
Author(s):  
Riyaz Ahmad S. ◽  
Mohd Haroon Khan ◽  
M. Athar Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are now recognized as major cause of morbidity and mortality. All countries, irrespective of their stage of economic development or demographic and epidemiological transition, face an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases.Methods: This is a community based cross sectional study conducted at field practice areas of the urban and rural health training centers, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. 640 study subject’s age group 18-65 years. Systematic random sampling and proportionate to population size method (PPS). SPSS version 13 and Chi-square was used to analyse the data.Results: The age group for the present study was chosen to be 18-65 years of age. The study population consisted of 340 females and 300 males. 27.1% belong to younger age group (18-25 years), whereas in urban areas majority (27.3%) belongs to 26-35 years age group. Also, the study group comprised of higher percentage of females (53%) compared to males (47%).129 (20.2%) subjects were found to be current smokers. Only 4 (1.3%) women were smokers. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use which was found to be 21.6% (28.3% in males and 15.6% in females). The prevalence of current alcohol use in our study to be 10.3% in males and 0.6% in females. The overall prevalence of alcohol use was 5.2%. Alcohol use showed inverse relation with socioeconomic class, About 87% of the respondents did not have sufficient intake of fruits and vegetables. The physical inactivity during work was more in males (30.7%) compared to females (15.5%. Mean body weight, BMI and waist circumference showed significant changes with age in both sexes.Conclusions: It can be concluded from our study that the burden of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the rural and urban areas of Aligarh is quite high.

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among allopathic doctors of Vijayawada city, Andhra Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3508
Author(s):  
Kiran Prakash K. ◽  
Venkata Suresh Anga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are the leading cause of death in the world. Accounting for around 60% of all deaths and 44% of premature deaths worldwide. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among allopathic doctors in Vijayawada.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on allopathic practicing doctors who were working in the various Hospitals, clinics, Nursing Homes within the corporation limits of Vijayawada city.Results: Out of the 720 study subjects, 498 doctors (69.2%) were males and 222 doctors (30.8%) were females. majority of the doctors 515 (71.5%) were with educational qualification of master degrees (MS/MD/MDS). Doctors in clinical specialty are more 565 (78.5%) compared with non-clinical 133 (18.4%) and dental 22 (3.1%). With regarding working sector, nearly one third of doctors were working in private sector 532 (73.9%).Conclusions: Because of more exposure to unhealthy life styles like smoking, alcohol, unhealthy dietary habits like high intake of salt, inadequate use of fruits and vegetables, oil fries and by leading a sedentary life and high risk factors like overweight/obesity, hypertension and diabetes a large number of the doctor’s population were at increased risk for chronic non-communicable diseases. 

scholarly journals Alcohol consumption, obesity and hypertension: Relationship patterns along different age groups in Uganda

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye ◽  
Gerald Mutungi ◽  
Silver Bahendeka ◽  
Ronald Wesonga ◽  
Monica H. Swahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Relationship Patterns ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

AbstractIntroductionUganda is experiencing a significant increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and obesity. Frequent alcohol use is also highly prevalent in Uganda and is a key risk factor for both hypertension and obesity. This study determines the trends of frequent alcohol consumption, hypertension and obesity across different age groups, and the extent to which alcohol consumption affects the two.MethodsThe data were extracted from the 2014 National Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factor Survey (N=3,987) conducted among adults aged 18 to 69 years. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHG or diastolic blood pressure ≥90. Obesity was defined as body mass index >30 kg/m2. Frequent alcohol consumption was defined as alcohol use 3 or more times a week. Multivariable log binomial regression analysis was carried out for each of the two outcome variables against age group and controlled for frequency of alcohol consumption and few other independent factors. Non-parametric tests were used to compare trends of prevalence ratios across age groups. Modified Poisson regression was use in few instances when the model failed to converge.ResultsThe results showed increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension and frequent alcohol consumption but a declining trend for obesity along different age groups (p<0.01). Frequency of alcohol consumption did not significantly modify the age group-hypertension and age group-obesity relationships although the effect was significant with ungrouped age. There was significance in difference of fitted lines for hypertension prevalence ratios between frequent drinkers and mild drinkers and between abstainers and frequent drinkers. Alcohol consumption did not have any significant effect on obesity-age group relationship.ConclusionThe results call for more research to understand the effect of alcohol on the hypertension-age relationship, and the obesity-age relationship. Why prevalence ratios for hypertension decline among those who take alcohol most frequently is another issue that needs further research.

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