scholarly journals Alcohol consumption, obesity and hypertension: Relationship patterns along different age groups in Uganda

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye ◽  
Gerald Mutungi ◽  
Silver Bahendeka ◽  
Ronald Wesonga ◽  
Monica H. Swahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Relationship Patterns ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

AbstractIntroductionUganda is experiencing a significant increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and obesity. Frequent alcohol use is also highly prevalent in Uganda and is a key risk factor for both hypertension and obesity. This study determines the trends of frequent alcohol consumption, hypertension and obesity across different age groups, and the extent to which alcohol consumption affects the two.MethodsThe data were extracted from the 2014 National Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factor Survey (N=3,987) conducted among adults aged 18 to 69 years. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHG or diastolic blood pressure ≥90. Obesity was defined as body mass index >30 kg/m2. Frequent alcohol consumption was defined as alcohol use 3 or more times a week. Multivariable log binomial regression analysis was carried out for each of the two outcome variables against age group and controlled for frequency of alcohol consumption and few other independent factors. Non-parametric tests were used to compare trends of prevalence ratios across age groups. Modified Poisson regression was use in few instances when the model failed to converge.ResultsThe results showed increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension and frequent alcohol consumption but a declining trend for obesity along different age groups (p<0.01). Frequency of alcohol consumption did not significantly modify the age group-hypertension and age group-obesity relationships although the effect was significant with ungrouped age. There was significance in difference of fitted lines for hypertension prevalence ratios between frequent drinkers and mild drinkers and between abstainers and frequent drinkers. Alcohol consumption did not have any significant effect on obesity-age group relationship.ConclusionThe results call for more research to understand the effect of alcohol on the hypertension-age relationship, and the obesity-age relationship. Why prevalence ratios for hypertension decline among those who take alcohol most frequently is another issue that needs further research.

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Aligarh: a community based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2576
Author(s):  
Riyaz Ahmad S. ◽  
Mohd Haroon Khan ◽  
M. Athar Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are now recognized as major cause of morbidity and mortality. All countries, irrespective of their stage of economic development or demographic and epidemiological transition, face an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases.Methods: This is a community based cross sectional study conducted at field practice areas of the urban and rural health training centers, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. 640 study subject’s age group 18-65 years. Systematic random sampling and proportionate to population size method (PPS). SPSS version 13 and Chi-square was used to analyse the data.Results: The age group for the present study was chosen to be 18-65 years of age. The study population consisted of 340 females and 300 males. 27.1% belong to younger age group (18-25 years), whereas in urban areas majority (27.3%) belongs to 26-35 years age group. Also, the study group comprised of higher percentage of females (53%) compared to males (47%).129 (20.2%) subjects were found to be current smokers. Only 4 (1.3%) women were smokers. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use which was found to be 21.6% (28.3% in males and 15.6% in females). The prevalence of current alcohol use in our study to be 10.3% in males and 0.6% in females. The overall prevalence of alcohol use was 5.2%. Alcohol use showed inverse relation with socioeconomic class, About 87% of the respondents did not have sufficient intake of fruits and vegetables. The physical inactivity during work was more in males (30.7%) compared to females (15.5%. Mean body weight, BMI and waist circumference showed significant changes with age in both sexes.Conclusions: It can be concluded from our study that the burden of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the rural and urban areas of Aligarh is quite high.

Study of mortality and morbidity patterns and various emerging non communicable diseases in the elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Sanjay B Jagtap ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: The geriatric population is defined as population aged 60 years and above. The mixed profile of communicable and non-communicable diseases among the elderly population in developing countries places a huge burden on the existing health care delivery system. Present hospital based cross-sectional study was focused on the morbidity profile of the elderly and improve the health care services so as to enable them to lead a productive life. Material and Methods: Present study was single centre, descriptive observational study, conducted in subjects above 60 years and both gender, visiting to OPD and IPD, willing to participate in study after written consent. Results: We included total 200 geriatric population in our study. Majority of them were from 60-70 years age group (50 %) followed by 71-80 years (37%) and 81-90 years age group (13%). Mean age was 70.75±7.25 years. Males were 56.5% and females were 43.5%. Males were predominant in our study with male to female ratio 1.29:1. Most common addiction seen among the patients are tobacco chewing (49.5%) followed by smoking (27%), followed by pan (24.5%), nut (21.5%) and alcohol (10.5%). Family history of diabetes and hypertension was present in 63.5% and 72% cases respectively. Prevalence of cataract as commonest observed morbidity in our study was 60%, DM 37%, hypertension 34%, IHD 33.5%, anemia 21%, hearing loss 11.5% and cancer was 4%. Out of 45 deaths, 44.4% deaths occurred in patients with IHD as risk factor, 26.6% deaths occurred in patients with COPD as risk factor, 22.2% deaths occurred in patients with CVA/stroke as risk factor and 17.8% deaths occurred in patients with AKI as risk factor. So IHD, COPD, CVA and AKI were significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: Commonly observed morbidities were cataract (60%), diabetes mellitus (37%), hypertension (34%), ischemic heart disease (33.5%) Significant association of mortality was seen with ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebrovascular accident and acute kidney injury.

scholarly journals The Path where our Lifestyle is Taking us: Shift in Onset of Non-Communicable Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Bhatt, Y. ◽  
Kulshrestha, K.
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Care Quality ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Related

Globally, the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rising. To assess the trends in the age of occurrence of non-communicable, age-related diseases this study was performed in the three districts of Uttarakhand, in both rural and the urban settings. The study comprised of both male and female subjects between the age group of 15 years to 55 onwards. The respondents were categorized into three age groups range as- 15-35 years, 36-55 years, and above 56 years. Starting from the age of 5 years, each age group is also categorized decade-wise e.g. age group of 56 years and above was divided into six decades starting from the age of five years.  The present study showed that the occurrence of age-related diseases, among the age group 56 years and above, was seen during their 40s while in the other two age groups, occurrence was recorded in the 30s itself. Comparing the third decade, i.e., the 30s of all the three age groups, none of the subjects was suffering from age-related disease among 56 years and above while among 36-55 years of age, 0.57 percent and among 15-35 years of age, 1.35 percent of subjects suffered from hypertension. The occurrence of these diseases was more in the urban areas as compared to rural areas. These results throw an insight onto the necessity for government bodies to focus on key factors leading to this trend, improving health care quality, and emphasis on a healthy lifestyle.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of nurse led screening and intervention for common non communicable diseases in a peri urban community of Chandigarh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4485
Author(s):  
Damini Paul ◽  
Kavita Kavita ◽  
Jarnail Singh Thakur ◽  
Pooja Sikka
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Human Resources For Health ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Risk Factor Modification ◽  
Steps Survey

Background: Globally the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are accountable for most of mortality and disability. The Lack of skilled human resources for health is one of the contributing factors for low screening coverage. Nurses plays a vital role, in the early detection and prevention of common NCDs. Objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of nurse-led screening and intervention for common NCDs on risk factor modifications.Methods: Pre-experimental design was used in the present study. The study was done in slum area Indra colony Chandigarh. A total of 500 individuals aged ≥30 years were enrolled from 2,700 households. All the subjects were screened for hypertension, diabetes mellitus and oral cancer. However in female participants addition screening of breast, and cervical cancer was also done. WHO STEPS survey was used to assess the risk factor of common NCDs. The interventional package on risk factor modifications for prevention of common NCDs was developed and was delivered to all subjects during home visits. The follow up to assess risk factor modifications was done after one month. The primary outcome of the study was risk factor modifications and prevalence of common NCDs.Results: There was significant mean change in systolic blood pressure (0.65±6.31 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (1.19±3.7 mmHg), body mass index (0.95±0.85 kg/m2), and waist circumference (1.5±1.46 cm) among subjects after one month of intervention (p value <0.05).Conclusions: The Nurse-led screening and intervention for common NCDs was effective in risk factor modification among studied subjects.

scholarly journals May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Cape Verde

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_B) ◽  
pp. B37-B39
Author(s):  
Vanda Azevedo ◽  
Luis Dias ◽  
Glenda Garcia ◽  
Irenita Soares ◽  
Marlinda Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Multiple Imputation ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Previous Diagnosis

Abstract The Cabo Verdean population is aging and, consequently, non-communicable diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases, are increasing, with hypertension being an important risk factor. Following Cabo Verde's engagement with the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign, in 2019, it was possible to improve the screening capacity, at the same time that a major social mobilization campaign was carried out to improve the population's knowledge about raised blood pressure (BP) and its consequences. With activities on nine islands, telemedicine was used to train researchers and volunteers. The MMM app was used to collect participant data. Individuals aged ≥18 years were recruited through opportunistic sampling. Each participant completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors and had three BP measurements and weight and height measurements. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg (mean of the second and third readings), or when using antihypertensive medication. When respondents did not provide three BP readings, multiple imputation using chained equations was used to calculate the mean of the second and third readings. A total of 17 627 individuals [mean age of 42.7 (SD 16.2); 63.8% women] were screened. After multiple imputation, 5990 (34.0%) had hypertension, of which 68.4% knew the diagnosis previously and 51.3% used antihypertensive drugs. The reported use of antihypertensive medication and a previous diagnosis of hypertension were strong predictors of higher levels of systolic and diastolic BP. Corrective actions were taken with an updated national protocol for hypertension treatment in primary health care. The II Non-Communicable Diseases Survey corroborated MMM national data that we see as an ideal initiative to reach the public, raising awareness about this important cardiovascular risk factor and providing political decision instruments.

scholarly journals Alcohol use among adults in Uganda: findings from the countrywide non-communicable diseases risk factor cross-sectional survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Ndugwa Kabwama ◽  
Sheila Ndyanabangi ◽  
Gerald Mutungi ◽  
Ronald Wesonga ◽  
Silver K. Bahendeka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Uticaj faktora rizika na nastanak hroničnih nezaraznih bolesti / The influence of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Ranka Jaćimović
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The world today is faced with a growing increase in chronic non-communicable diseases (CNB), which become the leading cause of death. In 2012, the CNB were responsible for 38 million (68%) of all the 56 million deaths. Of that number, more than 40% died were younger than 70 years, and more than 82% of deaths were in underdeveloped and developing countries.The main risk factors in the development of the CNB are hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity and smoking. Reducing risk factors and timely detection and treatment is the least expensive way to solve the non-communicable diseases. The depletion of CNB has guiding public policy to promote the prevention, early detection and treatment of these diseases. In order to evaluate how successful strategies to combat rate for the Republica Srpska we examined the prevalence of risk factors for CNB at 1,454 patients older than 18 years in a team of family medicine DZ Banja Luka.The results indicate that high blood pressure is present in 40% of patients, dyslipidemia in 60%, with a high presence of hyperglycemia 23.5%. Smoking as a risk factor is present in 41% of subjects. One in five respondents were obese (BMI> 30).Our results suggest that the measures in the Republica Srpska invest in the prevention and treatment of CNB are not successful and are similar to those in the least developed countries.

scholarly journals Eating behavioral reactions of patients with chronic non-communicable diseases and its correction

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shalimova ◽  
A. Isayeva ◽  
M. Vovchenko ◽  
L. Rieznik ◽  
O. Buriakovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
The Impact

The peculiarities of the eating behavioral reactions of patients with chronic non-communicable diseases and the effect of group and individual therapy on them were evaluated. It was established, that with a tendency to positive changes in eating behavior, conducting both group and individual therapy for 1 year did not significantly change its indicators such as daily consumption of salt, vegetables and fruits, smoking and alcohol consumption, which confirms the complexity of the impact on the specified risk factor for the development and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document