scholarly journals Prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission in Burkina Faso: evaluation of vertical transmission by PCR, molecular characterization of subtypes and determination of antiretroviral drugs resistance

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tani Sagna ◽  
Cyrille Bisseye ◽  
Tegewende R. Compaore ◽  
Therese S. Kagone ◽  
Florencia W. Djigma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1

Characterization of HIV‐1 virus‐like particles and determination of Gag stoichiometry for different production platforms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Lavado‐García ◽  
Inmaculada Jorge ◽  
Arnau Boix‐Besora ◽  
Jesús Vázquez ◽  
Francesc Gòdia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Hiv 1

Antigenic and Molecular Characterization of Unusual Rotavirus Strains in Burkina Faso in 1999

2010 ◽  
Vol 202 (S1) ◽  
pp. S225-S230 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Duncan Steele ◽  
Nicola Page ◽  
Mariet de Beer ◽  
Souleymane Sawadogo
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Molecular Characterization

scholarly journals Novel Acylguanidine-Based Inhibitor of HIV-1

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (20) ◽  
pp. 9495-9508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Mwimanzi ◽  
Ian Tietjen ◽  
Scott C. Miller ◽  
Aniqa Shahid ◽  
Kyle Cobarrubias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Virion Release ◽  
Viral Egress ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACTThe emergence of transmissible HIV-1 strains with resistance to antiretroviral drugs highlights a continual need for new therapies. Here we describe a novel acylguanidine-containing compound, 1-(2-(azepan-1-yl)nicotinoyl)guanidine (or SM111), that inhibitsin vitroreplication of HIV-1, including strains resistant to licensed protease, reverse transcriptase, and integrase inhibitors, without major cellular toxicity. At inhibitory concentrations, intracellular p24Gagproduction was unaffected, but virion release (measured as extracellular p24Gag) was reduced and virion infectivity was substantially impaired, suggesting that SM111 acts at a late stage of viral replication. SM111-mediated inhibition of HIV-1 was partially overcome by a Vpu I17R mutation alone or a Vpu W22* truncation in combination with Env N136Y. These mutations enhanced virion infectivity and Env expression on the surface of infected cells in the absence and presence of SM111 but also impaired Vpu's ability to downregulate CD4 and BST2/tetherin. Taken together, our results support acylguanidines as a class of HIV-1 inhibitors with a distinct mechanism of action compared to that of licensed antiretrovirals. Further research on SM111 and similar compounds may help to elucidate knowledge gaps related to Vpu's role in promoting viral egress and infectivity.IMPORTANCENew inhibitors of HIV-1 replication may be useful as therapeutics to counteract drug resistance and as reagents to perform more detailed studies of viral pathogenesis. SM111 is a small molecule that blocks the replication of wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 strains by impairing viral release and substantially reducing virion infectivity, most likely through its ability to prevent Env expression at the infected cell surface. Partial resistance to SM111 is mediated by mutations in Vpu and/or Env, suggesting that the compound affects host/viral protein interactions that are important during viral egress. Further characterization of SM111 and similar compounds may allow more detailed pharmacological studies of HIV-1 egress and provide opportunities to develop new treatments for HIV-1.

scholarly journals Biological and Molecular Characterization of Subtype D, G, and A/D Recombinant HIV-1 Transmissions in Sweden

Virology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Leitner ◽  
David Escanilla ◽  
Silvia Marquina ◽  
Johan Wahlberg ◽  
Christina Broström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of HIV-1 infection in Northwest Spain (2009–2013): Investigation of the subtype F outbreak

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Paraskevis ◽  
Evangelia Kostaki ◽  
Apostolos Beloukas ◽  
Angelina Cañizares ◽  
Antonio Aguilera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of chemical mutagenesis induced diversity in elite maize germplasm

Genetika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Christov ◽  
Elena Todorovska ◽  
Dionysia Fasoula ◽  
Ioannis Ioannides ◽  
Atanas Atanassov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Mutant Lines

Three classical breeding Iowa Super Stiff Stalk (SSS) inbred lines B37, B73 and B84, one Lancaster inbred Oh43 and mutant lines obtained by chemical mutagenesis followed by mutation breeding as follows: two of B37 and four of Oh43 were selected for molecular characterization. The mutant inbred lines were chosen because in addition to the improved GCA and SCA for grain yield, proven by their predominance in the Bulgarian breeding programs, they showed shifts in the flowering time as compared to the initial inbreds. Molecular markers (micro satellites and other PCR-based DNA markers) were used for characterization of maize genotypes and determination of the induced by chemical mutagenesis genetic variability in maize germplasm. The tested nine SSR markers (umc 1001, umclO14, umcl057, umcll81, umcl0lS, umc 1029. umcl003, umc 1033 and umcl035) can discriminate between the initial classical breeding inbred lines and the originating mutant inbreds. Allelic diversity was also studied by PCR amplification with specifically de-signed primers in the coding regions and flanking sequence of two genes: dwarf8 (d&: chromosome 1, 198.5 cM), and indeterminate l (id1; chromosome 1. 175.0 cM). These are considered candidate genes for variation in plant height and/or flowering time, based on mutant phenotypes and chromosomal locations near major QTLs. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels were detected in the region flanking the SH2 domain of dwarf8 gene in some of the mutant inbreds as a result of SSCP and sequencing analyses. However, these polymorphisms could not be associated with the observed variations in flowering time. PCR analysis of the promoter region dwarf8 showed a variant fragment of about 1 kb in the inbred line Oh43 that was not present in any other initial and mutant in-bred lines included in the study. PCR amplification of the 5' end of the Id1 coding sequence revealed polymorphic bands in the mutant lines XM535, XM521, XM250-l, XM98-8 and XM85-105, as well as in the classical breeding line B73. The data, presented here demonstrate the usefulness of chemical mutagenesis for generation of genetic diversity within the elite maize germplasm. Some of this variation may affect the major genes in the QTLs. Our initial data revealed mutagenesis induced polymorphisms in the coding sequences of two important for the determination of flowering time transcription factors. Further molecular analyses of the proposed model systems may complement the trait association efforts and will help to directly identify the major genes in the QTLs.

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