Predictors of Anti-Asian Xenophobia During Covid-19: Towards Developing Targeted Intervention Campaigns

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a recently described mechanism of cell communication, are released from activated microglial cells and macrophages and are a candidate biomarker in diseases characterized by chronic inflammatory process such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: We explored cerebrospinal fluid extracellular vesicle (CSF EV) of myeloid origin (MEVs), cytokine and chemokine levels in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Results: We found that CSF MEVs were significantly higher in CIS patients than in controls and were inversely correlated to CSF CCL2 levels. MEVs level were significantly associated with an shorter time to evidence of disease activity (hazard ratio: 1.01, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.02, p < 0.01) independently from other known prognostic markers. Conclusion: After a first demyelinating event, CSF EVs may improve risk stratification of these patients and allow more targeted intervention strategies.

Download Full-text

Application of an information diffusion model for evaluating different targeted intervention strategies for HIV prevention

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.744 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 101 ◽

pp. 285

Author(s):

T.H. Kwan ◽

N.S. Wong ◽

G.C.Y. Lui ◽

K.C.W. Chan ◽

O.T.Y. Tsang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Diffusion Model ◽

Information Diffusion ◽

Intervention Strategies ◽

Targeted Intervention ◽

Information Diffusion Model

Download Full-text

22. Patient Satisfaction Remains Unchanged Following Implementation of an Antibiotic Stewardship Intervention in Primary Care

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa417.021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S11-S12

Author(s):

Zachary Hostetler ◽

Keith W Hamilton ◽

Leigh Cressman ◽

McWelling H Todman ◽

Ebbing Lautenbach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Logistic Regression Model ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Primary Care Providers ◽

Mixed Effects ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Care Providers ◽

Targeted Intervention

Abstract Background Inappropriate prescription of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in ambulatory care settings is common, increasing the risk of adverse health outcomes. Behavioral and educational interventions targeting primary care providers (PCPs) have shown promise in reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for RTIs. While one perceived barrier to such interventions is the concern that these adversely impact patient satisfaction, few data exist in this area. Here, we examine whether a recent PCP-targeted intervention that significantly reduced antibiotic prescribing for RTIs was associated with a change in patient satisfaction. Methods The PCP-targeted intervention involved monthly education sessions and peer benchmarking reports delivered to 31 clinics within an academic health system, and was previously shown to reduce antibiotic prescribing. Here, we performed a retrospective, secondary analysis of Press Ganey (PG) surveys associated with the outpatient encounters in the pre- and post-intervention periods. We evaluated the impact on patient perceptions of PCPs based on provider exposure to the intervention using a mixed effects logistic regression model. Results There were 17,416 out of 197,744 encounters (8.8%) with associated PG surveys for the study time period (July 2016 to September 2018). In the multivariate model, patient satisfaction with PCPs was most strongly associated with patient-level characteristics (age, race, health status, education status) and survey-level characteristics (survey response time, patient’s usual provider) (Figure 1). Satisfaction with PCPs did not change following delivery of the provider-based intervention even after adjusting for patient- and survey-level characteristics [adjusted odds ratio (95% CI): 1.005 (0.928, 1.087)]. However, a small increase in satisfaction associated with receiving antibiotics during the entire study period was seen [adjusted odds ratio (95% CI): 1.146 (1.06, 1.244)]. Figure 1: Association of a provider-targeted intervention as well as patient, provider, and practice characteristics with patient satisfaction in a multivariable mixed effects logistic regression model Conclusion Patient perceptions of PCPs remain unchanged following the delivery of a behavioral and educational intervention to primary care providers that resulted in observable decreases in antibiotic prescribing practices for RTIs. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Download Full-text