Costs and Benefits of a Targeted Intervention Program for Youthful Offenders: The Youthbuild USA Offender Project

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Cohen ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Targeted Intervention ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Youthful Offenders

On the Optimization of Cholesterol Screening

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Milsum
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Cholesterol Screening ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Marker Level

Total serum cholesterol is a major risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Some guidelines have been published regarding treatment levels. However, before implementing cholesterol screening, the costs and benefits should be analyzed as a function of cholesterol level. Analysis is readily implemented on microcomputer spreadsheets using decision tree analysis. Because it is very difficult to establish some of the costs satisfactorily, the facility of spreadsheets in performing sensitivity analysis is crucial. Here, plausible numerical values are used as “default” conditions for estimating in a preliminary way the costs and benefits of a putative screening-intervention program. The cost-benefit condition remains very close to optimal over the range 200-240 mg/dl for cholesterol marker level. The optimal condition may shift considerably when the default parameter values are altered. With the default values, the maximal net benefit is around 5% of the estimated current costs of CHD deaths without screening.

scholarly journals New HIV Infection Estimation from Program Data of Key Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-399
Author(s):  
Richard L Chawngthu ◽  
Venkatesan Chakrapani ◽  
Padum Narayan ◽  
Vinita Verma ◽  
Shobini Rajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Targeted Intervention ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Program Data

In India, HIV sentinel surveillance is carried out to estimate the prevalence of HIV for calibrating the response. However, estimate of new HIV infections is also needed to monitor the effectiveness of prevention strategies. We used Targeted Intervention Program data of Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) and Female Sex Workers (FSWs) enrolled in Targeted Intervention (TI) programme in Aizawl district of Mizoram state to estimate the trend in new HIV infection rate. Those who had tested HIV positive in a particular year but were negative in the previous HIV test were considered to be newly infected. New HIV infections were found to have a rising trend from 2010 to 2019 (p<0.01). The new infection rate of HIV was 6.73% among IDUs and 1.94% among FSWs in 2019. This analysis, which requires minimal resources, may be undertaken at regular interval in all Targeted Intervention Programs to monitor the effect of preventive strategies at local level.

Evaluation of a targeted intervention program for overweight children and their families

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
K. Watson-Jarvis ◽  
K. Campbell ◽  
C. Clark ◽  
T. De Freitas ◽  
C. Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Targeted Intervention

scholarly journals Assessing The Effect Of A Cost-Management Component In A Targeted Intervention Program

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. A149-A150
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
W.R. Doucette ◽  
J.F. Pendergast ◽  
G.D. Brown ◽  
J. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Targeted Intervention

Benefits and Costs of a Targeted Intervention Program for Youthful Offenders: The YouthBuild USA Offender Project

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Cohen ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Targeted Intervention ◽  
Criminal Offenders ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Benefits And Costs

This paper reports on a benefit-cost analysis of a targeted intervention program, the YouthBuild USA Offender Project (YBOP), aimed at low-income, criminal offenders who are 16–24 years old. Using data on 388 participants, we find: (1) evidence of reduced recidivism and improved educational outcomes that exceed our expectations based on similar cohorts and (2) evidence consistent with a positive benefit-cost ratio, indicating that every dollar spent on the YBOP is estimated to produce a return on investment between $7.20 and $21.60, with benefits to society ranging between $174,000 and $281,000 per participant at a cost to society between $13,000 and $24,000.

Using the research on intergroup conflict in nonhuman animals to help inform patterns of human intergroup conflict

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda R. Ridley ◽  
Melanie O. Mirville
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Nonhuman Animal ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Animal Groups ◽  
Interesting Article ◽  
Nonhuman Animals

Abstract There is a large body of research on conflict in nonhuman animal groups that measures the costs and benefits of intergroup conflict, and we suggest that much of this evidence is missing from De Dreu and Gross's interesting article. It is a shame this work has been missed, because it provides evidence for interesting ideas put forward in the article.

A Cognitive-Linguistic Intervention Program: Basic Concept Formation Level

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Gerald E. Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Basic Concept ◽  
Concept Formation ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Linguistic Skills ◽  
Linguistic Intervention

Test-teach questioning is a strategy that can be used to help children develop basic concepts. It fosters the use of multisensory exploration and discovery in learning which leads to the development of cognitive-linguistic skills. This article outlines some of the theoretical bases for this approach and indicates possibilities for their applications in child-clinician transactions.

Developing an Early Intervention Preservice Specialization in Speech-Language Pathology

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne E. Roberts ◽  
Elizabeth Crais ◽  
Thomas Layton ◽  
Linda Watson ◽  
Debbie Reinhartsen
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Master's Level ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Early Intervention Program ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Family Centered

This article describes an early intervention program designed for speech-language pathologists enrolled in a master's-level program. The program provided students with courses and clinical experiences that prepared them to work with birth to 5-year-old children and their families in a family-centered, interdisciplinary, and ecologically valid manner. The effectiveness of the program was documented by pre- and post-training measures and supported the feasibility of instituting an early childhood specialization within a traditional graduate program in speech-language pathology.

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