scholarly journals Evaluation and Testing of Eye, Nose, and Mouth Protection for Biological Hazards to Support a Consensus Standard

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy R Gouzd
Keyword(s):  
Consensus Standard

Inline Inspection: Both Effective Data Collection and Interpretation Needed to Achieve High Quality Reporting Results

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Walker ◽  
Paul Mallaburn ◽  
Derek Balmer
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Certification Standard ◽  
Consensus Standard ◽  
Inspection Data

Historically, pipeline operators have tended to place more weight on inline inspection tool specifications than on the inherent design and reporting capabilities of the service providers themselves. While internal collection of integrity data is very important, it’s imperative that vendors, also, have high levels of expertise and effective quality control systems in place to successfully analyze exceedingly high volumes of inspection data. The quality of inspection information is vital to assessing if a pipeline is fit for purpose now and/or into the future. Integrity managers attempting to reduce overall operating risk by making decisions based on inaccurate or poor quality reporting are in fact exposing their networks to greater safety and financial risk. Recognizing these risks and that inline inspection (ILI) is an overall system that needs to be formally qualified, operators and ILI service providers have collaborated to develop several international standards. The most recent is the umbrella API-1163 industry consensus standard, which is now being widely adopted, primarily in USA. This standard provides requirements and recommended practices for qualification of the entire ILI process. Two companion standards: ASNT In-line Personnel Qualification and Certification Standard No. ILI-PQ and NACE Recommended Practice In-Line Inspection of Pipelines RP0102 combine to address specific requirements for personnel who operate and analyze the results of ILI systems. In Europe, the Pipeline Operators Forum (POF) has, also, established specific requirements for ILI reporting processes and data formats. However, these standards do not define how operators and vendors must meet these requirements. To follow will be a story about how an ILI service provider embraced a holistic approach to address these standards’ requirements, in particular in the areas of data analysis, reporting, and dig verification due to their significant importance in assuring the final quality of its deliverables. A key outcome desired will be to provide operators with greater insight into what best practices and technologies ILI service providers should have embraced and invested in to insure reliable service delivery.

Revising and Validating Spectral Irradiance Reference Standards for Photovoltaic Performance Evaluation

Solar Energy ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl R. Myers ◽  
Keith Emery ◽  
C. Gueymard
Keyword(s):  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
International Electrotechnical Commission ◽  
Spectral Radiation ◽  
Atmospheric Physics ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
American Society ◽  
Consensus Standard ◽  
International Standards Organization

In 1982, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) adopted consensus standard direct-normal and global-tilted solar terrestrial spectra (ASTM E891/E892). These standard spectra were intended to evaluate photovoltaic (PV) device performance and other solar-related applications. The International Standards Organization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) adopted these spectra as spectral standards ISO 9845-1 and IEC 60904-3. Additional information and more accurately representative spectra are needed by today’s PV community. Modern terrestrial spectral radiation models, knowledge of atmospheric physics, and measured radiometric quantities are applied to develop new reference spectra for consideration by ASTM.

Allowable Load Derivation of Single Angle Members for Small Bore Pipe Supports Welded on 4-Bolt CEA Plate in APR1400

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon-Ho Lee ◽  
Hee-Cheon Choo ◽  
Jae-Hwan Bae
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Anchor System ◽  
Consensus Standard ◽  
Supporting Structures

Single angle members have been rarely used as supporting structures in nuclear power plant because they are open sections which have significantly reduced capacities when considered in comparison to closed sections, and have weakness for twisting load such as local torsion caused by loading eccentricity of geometric center and shear center. However, in APR1400 (Advanced Power Reactor 1400 MW-class in Korea), the extended application of single angle members for supporting structures of small bore piping systems is considered to enhance the constructability and economics of plant. Furthermore, although it is general guideline for support design in APR1400 that supporting structures for equipment should be directly welded to embedded plates or steel structures in buildings as far as possible, in the case of small bore piping system, for the low level priority of construction in site, supporting steel structures for small bore piping could not be evitable to be welded onto the CEA (Concrete Expansion Anchor) plate. Per the ACI 318, ACI 349 and ACI 355.2, most CEA plate designs and anchor bolt load determinations are now based on finite element models that many applications have been individually made for CEA plates. If single angle members are attached onto these plates, integrated finite element models should be developed and analyzed in detail accroding to NRC IEB 79-02. Such a detailed analysis may appear to be excessive to small bore pipe supports which have diverse design materials and frequently subjected to field changes requiring rapid revision. Consideration should be given to reviewing current practices and reducing the level of effort being used for the integrated analysis of support and CEA plate by developing consensus standard regarding reasonable support and CEA plate designs. In this paper, allowable piping loads for single angle members such as L2×2×1/4, L2-1/2×2-1/2×1/4, L3×3×3/8, and L4×4×1/2 welded on the 4-bolt CEA assembly are derived and reviewed for general use for small bore pipe support design, and L2-1/2×2-1/2×1/4 and L3×3×3/8 welded onto 4-bolt (3/8″Φ sleeve type) CEA plate (1/2″×9″×9″) are recommended as standard small bore pipe supports with post-installed anchor system in APR1400.

Curved-Wide Plate Testing of X100 Girth Welds

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy S. Weeks ◽  
J. David McColskey ◽  
Mark D. Richards ◽  
Yong-Yi Wang ◽  
Marie Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
Future Paper ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Consensus Standard ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Welded Pipe

Curved-wide plate (CWP) tests are frequently used for assessing the quality of pipeline girth welds. Despite a large number of CWP tests having been conducted at great expense over many decades, an industry consensus standard remains unavailable. Considerable effort at several research institutions is focused on the standardization of test protocols. It is widely recognized that comparing results from CWP tests from different institutions is difficult without accounting for all the possible parametric differences. This paper presents the procedural details recently used in testing X100 girth welds. The protocols cover (1) specimen design and dimensions, (2) instrumentation plan and data acquisition, (3) specimen fabrication and preparation, (4) preparing and executing the tests, (5) processing of raw test data and (6) post-test metallurgical examination. The evaluation of specimen deformation, flaw growth, and comparison of test data with model predictions will be presented in a future paper. Selected CWP test data from this program were evaluated and compared to tensile strain models of the girth welded pipe in a recent paper [1].

AUVs and Scientific Diving: A Looming Conflict?

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Mark R. Patterson ◽  
James H. Sias ◽  
Daniel V. Gouge
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
Recreational Diving ◽  
Threat Mitigation ◽  
Consensus Standard ◽  
Drug Traffic ◽  
Scientific Diving

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are swimming robots whose use promises to revolutionize our scientific understanding of aquatic ecosystems. AUVs sample the environment at spatial and temporal scales that would be prohibitively expensive using conventional technology. Other tasks well-suited for AUVs include automated gathering of environmental data used for monitoring ecosystem health and marine food resources, facilitating search and recovery operations and drug traffic interdiction, and increasing national security. However, increasing operations of greater numbers and kinds of AUVs in situations where scientific diving occurs pose a potential hazard that needs to be addressed. We review scenarios where AUV/diver conflicts are likely to occur, make estimates of the scope of the problem, and offer some initial thoughts concerning threat mitigation. Ultimately, a ’consensus standard’ will be needed with contributions from the emerging AUV robotics industry, AUV academic R&D centers, military us ers, the commercial, scientific, and recreational diving community, and civilian agencies concerned with maritime commerce, marine science, and human safety.

Implementing the ANSI Z-365 Standard for Control of Work-Related Cumulative Trauma Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (17) ◽  
pp. 870-871
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Armstrong ◽  
Stover H. Snook ◽  
Larry J. Fine ◽  
Thomas R. Hales ◽  
Robert G. Radwin
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Trauma Disorders ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Cumulative Trauma ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Standard Committee ◽  
Consensus Standard ◽  
Trauma Disorders

This panel will present an overview of the latest working draft of the ANSI Z-365 standard for control of work-related cumulative trauma disorders and discuss how both newly established and already successful ergonomics programs in large and small companies can utilize the consensus standard. The audience will have an opportunity to make inquiries to the ANSI standard committee chairs, discuss relevant technical aspects of the standard, exchange views about the proposed standard, and offer perspectives on the implementation of ergonomics programs in industry.

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