scholarly journals DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INSTANTANEOUS FUEL MASS FLOW MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR USE IN VERIFICATION OF LOCOMOTIVE EMISSIONS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Wayne James
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Fuel Mass ◽  
Design And Implementation

Accurate Field Compressor Inlet Flow Measurement System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua McConkey ◽  
Richard H. Bunce ◽  
Heiko Claussen
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Flow Meters ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Compressor Inlet

Abstract Understanding the amount of air that enters a gas turbine is important for calculating their performance and efficiency. Flow meters are almost never used to measure that flow in production engines. Typical flow meters are impractical because the air flow into the compressor is very large, up to 1400 lbs/s (635 kg/s) or 1,000,000 ft3/min (28,300 m3/min), and typically an intentional pressure drop is involved in the measurement. This pressure drop negatively impacts the performance of the engine. If inlet air mass flow were known accurately without negatively impacting the engine performance, then engines could be run more efficiently. Currently, inlet mass flow is typically inferred, rather than measured. This leads to increased safety margins which require engines to be run more conservatively, i.e., at lower power. This paper describes a novel, inexpensive, and accurate air mass flow measurement system with negligible impact on engine performance.

Soot Mass Flow Measurement System Using Triboelectricity and Ultrasonic

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 5304-5308
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Zhao ◽  
Xuan Zhao ◽  
Shu Sheng Yue
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Electrostatic Induction ◽  
Soot Mass ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Measure

A new method, triboelectricity and ultrasonic, for the soot mass flow measurement is developed. The direct rod-shaped sensor is used to measuring the triboelectricity charge and the ring sensor is used to measuring the electrostatic induction charge. The pure-triboelectricity can be figured out and the pure-triboelectricity is eliminated the influence of the electrostatic induction. Through the numerical simulation, the proportion between the electrostatic induction charge and the electrostatic induction charge is presented. The gas flowrate is measured by the ultrasonic. The soot mass flow can be figured out through the pure-triboelectricity and the gas velocity. Additionally, the sample calibration equipment based on the pure-triboelectricity and ultrasonic method is also introduced. Experimental results show the method can on-line measure the soot mass flow.

Design and Implementation of Real-Time Flow Measurement System Using Hall Probe Sensor and PC-Based SCADA

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 5592-5600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Sinha ◽  
Deblina Banerjee ◽  
Nirupama Mandal ◽  
Rajan Sarkar ◽  
Satish Chandra Bera
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Hall Probe ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Time Flow ◽  
Probe Sensor

Granular Fertilizer Mass Flow Measurement and Vehicle Experiments Based on Microwave Doppler Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Jiayun Huang ◽  
Liwei Yang ◽  
Jiqin Zhang ◽  
Hao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Interference Suppression ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
List Type ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Vibration Signals ◽  
Doppler Method

HighlightsA microwave Doppler-based fertilizer mass flow measurement system was developed.The measurement system was applied in vehicle experiments.Power spectra of mass flow signal and vibration signal were obtained and analyzed.Interference suppression algorithm based on CA-CFAR reduced vibration interference.Fertilizer mass flow measurement accuracy was improved by interference suppression.Abstract. The fertilizer mass flow measurement system is typically installed on the fertilizer applicator. However, vehicle vibrations are inevitable during field operation of fertilizing equipment, and can interfere with mass flow signals, thereby affecting the accuracy of mass flow measurements. In this article, a mass flow measurement system based on the microwave Doppler method was introduced. The dominant frequency (fdot) related to fertilizer velocity and the power spectral density (PSD) related to fertilizer concentration were obtained from the Doppler signal of the granular fertilizer processed using fast Fourier transform. The product of fdot and PSD is defined as the sensor output value (SOV). The relationship between SOV, PSD, and fertilizer mass flow (FMF) was studied under vehicle conditions. The linear regression models of 22-8-10 (MOP) high-nitrogen poly-?-glutamic acid fertilizer were established using the least squares method, and the vibration signals were measured. Based on analysis of the power spectra of the mass flow and vibration signals, an interference suppression algorithm based on cell average constant false alarm rate (CA-CFAR) was presented to reduce vibration interference. To verify the performance of the novel vibration interference reduction algorithm, vehicle experiments were conducted at different tractor velocities. The results show that mass flow measurements ranged from 1300 to 3000 g min-1. It was found that using only the PSD related to concentration for flow measurement gave better measurement accuracy compared with SOV, and relative errors of the system were within 8.1%. Correlation between the PSD and FMF improved with interference suppression algorithm based on CA-CFAR. The determination coefficient increased from 0.01 to 0.92, 0.97 to 0.99, and 0.96 to 0.98 at three different tractor velocities, respectively. From the results, it was evident that the algorithm effectively eliminated vibration interference signals in vehicle conditions. In future work, the conditions of the soil will be considered and the performance of the mass flow measurement system will be tested in the field. Keywords: Fertilizer mass flow, Microwave Doppler radar, Tractor vibration, Vehicle experiment, Vibration interference suppression.

Soot Mass Flow Measurement System Using Triboelectricity and Ultrasonic

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 2629-2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Zhao ◽  
Xuan Zhao ◽  
Shu Sheng Yue
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Electrostatic Induction ◽  
Soot Mass ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Measure

A new method, triboelectricity and ultrasonic, for the soot mass flow measurement is developed. The direct rod-shaped sensor is used to measuring the triboelectricity charge and the ring sensor is used to measuring the electrostatic induction charge. The pure-triboelectricity can be figured out and the pure-triboelectricity is eliminated the influence of the electrostatic induction. Through the numerical simulation, the proportion between the electrostatic induction charge and the electrostatic induction charge is presented. The gas flowrate is measured by the ultrasonic. The soot mass flow can be figured out through the pure-triboelectricity and the gas velocity. Additionally, the sample calibration equipment based on the pure-triboelectricity and ultrasonic method is also introduced. Experimental results show the method can on-line measure the soot mass flow.

Real-time air flow measurement system for use by speech therapists

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. McCurrach ◽  
A. L. Evans ◽  
D. C. Smith ◽  
M. T. Gordon ◽  
M. B. D. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Speech Therapists

scholarly journals Development of Thermal Performance Metrics for Direct Gas-Fired Circulating Heaters

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Smith ◽  
Brett C. Ramirez ◽  
Steven J. Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Selection Of

Many climate-controlled agricultural buildings use direct gas-fired circulating heaters (DGFCH) for supplement heat. There is no standardized test to calculate thermal efficiency for these heaters. This study aimed to develop a measurement system and analytical analysis for thermal efficiency, quantify the measurement uncertainty, and assess economics of DGFCH efficiency. The measurement system developed was similar to the ASHRAE 103 standard test stand with adaptations to connect the apparatus to the DGFCH. Two different propane measurement systems were used: input ratings < 30 kW used a mass flow system and input ratings > 30 kW used a volumetric gas meter. Three DGFCHs (21.9, 29.3, 73.3 kW) were tested to evaluate the system. Thermal efficiencies ranged from 92.4% to 100.9%. The resulting uncertainty (coverage factor of 2; ~95% Confidence Interval) ranged from 13.1% to 30.7% for input ratings of 56.3 to 11.4 kW. Key sources of uncertainty were propane and mass flow of air measurement. The economic impact of 1% difference in thermal efficiency ranged from USD $61.3 to $72.0 per heating season. Refinement of the testing system and procedures are needed to reduce the uncertainty. The application of this system will aid building designers in selection of DGFCHs for various applications.

The Finite Element Analysis in Measurement System of Airplane Fuel Mass

2011 ◽  
Vol 301-303 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Xiu Wu Sui ◽  
Xiao Guang Qi ◽  
Da Peng Li ◽  
Guo Xiong Zhang ◽  
Yu Ming Fan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Mass Measurement ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Fuel Mass ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Level Sensor ◽  
Level Meter ◽  
Fuel Level

The paper presents the measurement system of the air plane fuel mass consisting of cylinder shell resonating density meter and double cylinders capacitance level meter. The finite element analysis method of ANSYS10.0 is used to analyze the performance of cylinder shell resonator density meter and double cylinders capacitance fuel level sensor. On the base of simulation, the cylinder shell is 45mm in length, 9mm in radius, and 0.08mm in thickness, the material is 3J53; the double cylinders capacitance is 8mm in inside diameter, 23.6mm in outside diameter, and 550 mm in length. The experiments show the uncertainty of cylinder shell resonating density meter is only 0.12%, the uncertainty of double cylinders capacitance level meter is only 0.2%, and the uncertainty of the fuel mass measurement system is 0.4%.

The Design and Implementation of Ship Electric Field Measurement System Based on MSP430

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 1378-1383
Author(s):  
Peng Han ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Electric Field Measurement ◽  
Low Snr ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Software And Hardware

The ship electric field has become a new physical field which is widely concerned at home and abroad in recent years. For the research of ship electric field, one of the most effective methods is to measure it underwater. According to the analysis of ship electric field signal’s characteristics, the ship electric field measurement system based on MSP430F149 was designed and the key technologies of software and hardware were also presented in this paper. The results of experiment demonstrated that the system could effectively measure the ship electric field signal in a low SNR. Meanwhile, it has the advantages of low power consumption, high accuracy and credible.

Thermo Acoustic Flame Transfer Function Prediction for Turbulent Non-Premixed Syngas Flames

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjoerd G. M. Pater ◽  
Jim B. W. Kok ◽  
Theo. H. van der Meer
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Lower Velocity ◽  
Fuel Mass ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

The thermo-acoustic behaviour of non-premixed turbulent syngas flames is investigated by means of transient RaNS Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. Three cases with two different fuel compositions are considered. Both fuels are combusted in a turbulent non-premixed swirl stabilised mode, and are mixtures of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and nitrogen. One fuel contains methane in addition. The flame transfer function considered here, describes the relation between a perturbation of the fuel mass flow rate and the rate of heat release in the flame. The fuel mass flow is perturbed by an impulse excitation. The investigated geometry is a laboratory scale burner that is designed in the framework of the European Union sponsored HEGSA project. Experimental data are generated in tests at DLR (chemiluminescence and LIF). The CFD results show that methane addition to syngas has a significant influence on the flame transfer function. The addition of methane to syngas induces thermoacoustic damping for higher frequency (¿400 Hz) regions and increases amplification for low frequencies (¡200 Hz). The time delay of the transfer function is affected by the addition of methane due to both calorific value and chemical time scale effects. A decrease in inlet temperature also affects the flame transfer function. This is due to the slower chemistry and lower velocity.

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