scholarly journals Different Mercury Species Partitioning and Distribution in the Water and Sediment of a Eutrophic Estuary in Northern Taiwan

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2471
Author(s):  
Tien-Hsi Fang ◽  
Chia-Yu Lien
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Mercury Species ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Total Hg ◽  
Methyl Hg ◽  
Northern Taiwan

The total Hg and methyl Hg in waters and sediments, as well as particulate total Hg (PTHg), were analyzed to study their distribution and partitioning in the Danshuei River Estuary (DRE), northern Taiwan. TOC and grain size were also determined in the sediment samples. The dissolved total Hg (DTHg) in waters ranged from 24.0 to 45.8 ng/L. The dissolved methyl Hg (DMeHg) concentrations contributed 0.6–30.4% of the DTHg pool, with the higher percentage appearing in the upper estuary. The DMeHg concentration positively correlated with the Chl.a within the estuary, suggesting that phytoplankton plays an important role in influencing the DMeHg concentration. The partitioning results indicated that DTHg chiefly dominates the THg (DTH + PTHg) pool, especially at a salinity of >15 psu region. The value of partition coefficient, log(KD), was within a range of 3.54 to 4.68, and the value linearly decreased with increasing salinity. The sediment total Hg (STHg) concentrations ranged from 80 to 379 ng/g, and most data exceeded the NOAA guidelines value (ERL < 150 ng/g), indicating that the DRE is contaminated with Hg. The STHg concentrations inversely and positively correlated with the grain size and TOC content, respectively, suggesting that sediment Hg distributions are strongly influenced by the both parameters.

scholarly journals Distribution of Geochemical Species of P, Fe and Mn in Surface Sediments in the Eutrophic Estuary, Northern Taiwan

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3075
Author(s):  
Tien-Hsi Fang ◽  
Cheng-Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
Domestic Effluent ◽  
Reducible Fraction ◽  
Total P ◽  
Northern Taiwan

The Danshuei River Estuary (DRE) in northern Taiwan is a seriously eutrophic estuary due to the domestic effluent discharge. Surface sediment samples were collected from the DRE to study the concentrations and spatial distributions of different fractions of phosphorus through the five-step sequential extraction method which chemically divides the sedimentary P into five fractions: PSORB, PCDB, PCFA, PDET, and PORG. The Fe and Mn contents in the extracted solution were also determined. The total organic carbon (TOC) and grain size in sediment samples were analyzed as well. The sedimentary total P (TP) concentrations ranged within 537–1310 mg/kg and mostly exceeded 800 mg/kg, suggesting that the DRE sediments were moderately polluted by phosphorus. The PCDB was the dominant fraction of P, averagely contributing 58% of TP, followed by PDET 31%. The contributions of the PSORB and PCFA fractions to the TP were relatively minor. Two fractions, FeCDB and FeORG, of sedimentary Fe equally shared approximately 70% of total Fe, followed by FeDET with 22%. The contribution of different fractions of sedimentary Mn followed the sequence: MnCDB (36%) > MnCFA (29%) > MnORG (14.7%) > MnDET (14.5%) > MnSORB (5.3%). The sedimentary P, Fe, and Mn within the DRE are easily mobilized because they were mainly present in the reducible fraction. The concentrations of sedimentary TP positively correlated with the TOC contents and inversely negatively correlated with grain size, suggesting that the TOC and grain size play the crucial roles in influencing the distribution of sedimentary P within the DRE. Finally, the Fe(III) (hydro)oxides seems to play an important carriers to adsorb dissolved P because PCDB positively correlated with FeCDB.

scholarly journals Determination of organic and inorganic mercury species in water and sediment samples by HPLC on-line coupled with ICP-MS

Talanta ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Soares dos Santos ◽  
Miguel de la Guárdia ◽  
Augustin Pastor ◽  
Maria Lúcia Pires dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Mercury Species ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
On Line ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

scholarly journals Petroleum Hydrocarbon Fingerprints of Water and Sediment Samples of Buffalo River Estuary in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Adeniji ◽  
O. O. Okoh ◽  
A. I. Okoh
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Buffalo River ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

Petroleum hydrocarbon status of the Buffalo River Estuary in East London, South Africa, was evaluated from January to May, 2016. Surface water and sediment samples were collected from five points in the estuary and extracted using standard methods. The extracts were subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. Results showed that total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) varied from 7.65 to 477 μg/L in the water and 12.59 to 1,100 mg/kg in the sediments, with mean values of 146.50 ± 27.96 μg/L and 209.81 ± 63.82 mg/kg, respectively. Concentrations of TPH in the sediments correlated significantly with organic carbon (OC) in both seasons. TPH and OC levels were slightly lower in summer than in autumn in the two environmental matrices, and the average amount of TPH in the water samples collected from all the sampling stations was generally lower than the EU standard limit of 300 μg/L. However, the levels in the sediments exceeded the EGASPIN target value (50 mg/kg) for mineral oil but were below the intervention value (5,000 mg/kg), indicating a serious impact of industrial growth and urbanization on the area, although the n-alkane ratios and indexes used for source tracking revealed excessive flow from both natural and anthropogenic sources.

scholarly journals Mikroplastik pada Sedimen di Pantai Kartini Kabupaten Jepara Jawa Tengah

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Pramita Azizah ◽  
Ali Ridlo ◽  
Chrisna Adhi Suryono
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Core ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
River Fish ◽  
Development Institution

Microplastic is plastic waste that is less than 5 mm in size and can accumulate in sediments. This study aims to determine the contaminant of microplastics in coastal Kartini sediments, Jepara. Sediment samples were taken in November 2019 with a purposive sampling method using sediment cores at 3 different stations namely the TPI River Estuary (Fish Auction Place), the LPWP River Estuary (Coastal Development Institution), and the BBPBAP River Estuary (Central Brackish Aquaculture Fisheries Center ), at 3 points inside it is 20 cm, 40 cm and 60 cm. The sample is dried and then separated based on grain size using a sieve shaker. Sediments trapped in 0.3 mm sieve size, taken as much as 50 g then immersed in 200 mL 30% H2O2 for 24 hours and then dried. Microplastic is separated from the sediment with 200 ml NaCl ρ = 1.2 g / cm-3, and the remainder the residue is immersed in 200 ml of ZnCl ρ = 1.5 g / cm-3. The number, shape, color and size of the microplastic were observed using the SZ 61 olympus microscope with a magnification of 10 x 10. The results showed that the most microplastics were found in the estuary of the TPI River (Fish Auction Place), namely 643 particles, followed at the estuary of the BBPBAP River (Center for Aquaculture Fisheries) Brackish) 499 particles and at least at station 2 there are 438 particles. The microplastic form is dominated by 506 fragments of particles, while the least microplastic is a pellet that is 295 particles. The microplastic color is dominated by brown as many as 466 particles, while the microplastic color is the least pink and clear as much as 2 particles / 50 g of dry sediment. The largest microplastic size is 208.29 µm and the smallest size is 6.21 µm. ABSTRAK: Mikroplastik adalah sampah plastik yang berukuran kurang dari 5 mm dan dapat terakumulasi pada sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan mikroplastik di sedimen pantai Kartini, Jepara. Sampel sedimen diambil pada bulan November 2019 dengan metode purpossive sampling menggunakan sediment core pada 3 stasiun yang berbeda yaitu Muara Sungai TPI(Tempat Pelelangan Ikan), Muara Sungai LPWP(Lembaga Pengembangan Wilayah Pantai), dan Muara Sungai BBPBAP(Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau), pada 3 titik kedalamanyaitu 20 cm, 40 cm, dan 60 cm. Sampel di keringkan kemudian dipisahkan berdasarkan ukuran butir menggunakan sieve shaker. Sedimen yang terjebak dalam sieve ukuran 0,3 mm, diambil sebanyak 50 g kemudian direndam dalam 200 mL H2O2 30% selama 24 jam lalu dikeringkan.Mikroplastik dipisahkan dari sedimen dengan  200 ml NaCl ρ = 1,2 g/cm-3, dan sisa residu nya direndam dalam 200 ml ZnCl ρ =1,5 g/cm-3. Jumlah, bentuk, warna dan ukuran mikroplastik diamati menggunakan mikroskop olympus SZ 61 dengan perbesaran 10 x 10. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mikroplastik terbanyak ditemukan di Muara Sungai TPI (Tempat Pelelangan Ikan) yaitu 643 partikel/50 g sedimen, diikuti pada Muara Sungai BBPBAP (Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau) 499 partikel/50 g sedimen dan paling sedikit pada stasiun 2 berjumlah 438 partikel/50 g sedimen. Bentuk mikroplastik di dominasi fragmen 506 partikel/50 g sedimen, sedangkan mikroplastik yang paling sedikit adalah pelet yaitu 295 partikel/50 g sedimen. Warna mikroplastik di dominasi warna coklat sebanyak 466 partikel/50 g sedimen, sedangkan warna mikroplastik yang paling sedikit merah muda dan bening sebanyak 2 partikel/50 g sedimen kering. Ukuran mikroplastik terbesar adalah 208,29 µm dan ukuran terkecil adalah 6,21 µm.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments of the Brisbane River (Australia) – Preliminary Results

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Kayal ◽  
D. W. Connell
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

Results of the analysis of twenty-three composite sediment samples revealed that PAHs are widely distributed in the Brisbane River estuary. Mean concentrations for individual compounds, on a dry weight basis, ranged from 0.03 µg/g for dibenz [ah] anthracene to 2.34 µg/g for fluoranthene. Observed PAH assemblages were rich in compounds having pyrolytic origins. However, the presence of petroleum derived compounds was indicative of the importance of petroleum as a PAH source in the estuary. Petroleum refineries, a coal loading terminal and a major treated sewage outfall located at the mouth were not indicated as major contributing sources of PAH pollution in the estuary.

Taking the pulse of Mother Ganga - Revealing the visible and invisible water pollution crisis along the Ganges River

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Network ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

&lt;p&gt;It is probably hard to overestimate the significance of the River Ganges for its spiritual, cultural and religious importance. As the worlds&amp;#8217; most populated river basin and a major water resource for the 400 million people inhabiting its catchment, the Ganges represents one of the most complex and stressed river systems globally. This makes the understanding and management of its water quality an act of humanitarian and geopolitical relevance. Water quality along the Ganges is critically impacted by multiple stressors, including agricultural, industrial and domestic pollution inputs, a lack and failure of water and sanitation infrastructure, increasing water demands in areas of intense population growth and migration, as well as the severe implications of land use and climate change. Some aspects of water pollution are readily visualised as the river network evolves, whilst others contribute to an invisible water crisis (Worldbank, 2019) that affects the life and health of hundreds of millions of people.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We report the findings of a large collaborative study to monitor the evolution of water pollution along the 2500 km length of the Ganges river and its major tributaries that was carried out over a six-week period in Nov/Dec 2019 by three teams of more than 30 international researchers from 10 institutions. Surface water and sediment were sampled from more than 80 locations along the river and analysed for organic contaminants, nutrients, metals, pathogen indicators, microbial activity and diversity as well as microplastics, integrating in-situ fluorescence and UV absorbance optical sensor technologies with laboratory sample preparation and analyses. Water and sediment samples were analysed to identify the co-existence of pollution hotspots, quantify their spatial footprint and identify potential source areas, dilution, connectivity and thus, derive understanding of the interactions between proximal and distal of sources solute and particulate pollutants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our results reveal the co-existence of distinct pollution hotspots for several contaminants that can be linked to population density and land use in the proximity of sampling sites as well as the contributing catchment area. While some pollution hotspots were characterised by increased concentrations of most contaminant groups, several hotspots of specific pollutants (e.g., microplastics) were identified that could be linked to specific cultural and religious activities. Interestingly, the downstream footprint of specific pollution hotspots from contamination sources along the main stem of the Ganges or through major tributaries varied between contaminants, with generally no significant downstream accumulation emerging in water pollution levels, bearing significant implications for the spatial reach and legacy of pollution hotspots. Furthermore, the comparison of the downstream evolution of multi-pollution profiles between surface water and sediment samples support interpretations of the role of in-stream fate and transport processes in comparison to patterns of pollution source zone activations across the channel. In reporting the development of this multi-dimensional pollution dataset, we intend to stimulate a discussion on the usefulness of large river network surveys to better understand the relative contributions, footprints and impacts of variable pollution sources and how this information can be used for integrated approaches in water resources and pollution management.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Density and diversity of filamentous fungi in the water and sediment of Araçá bay in São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Assami Doi ◽  
Aline Bartelochi Pinto ◽  
Maria Carolina Canali ◽  
Daiane Raquel Polezel ◽  
Roberta Alves Merguizo Chinellato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Abstract Araçá Bay, located in the city of São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil, is a protected area of substantial complexity. It represents the last remaining mangrove swamp preserve between the cities of Bertioga and Ubatuba on the northern coast of São Paulo State. This mangrove swamp has specific physical and chemical properties, and it shelters a wide variety of life, including fungi. These microorganisms are present in a variety of species with different morphophysiological features, and they have the ability to produce enzymes of biotechnological importance. The goal of this study was to quantify, isolate, and identify filamentous fungi in water and sediment samples from the Araçá Bay mangrove swamp in São Sebastião. Two samplings were performed in the summer and two were performed in the winter. The samples were collected from intertidal zones, and dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, salinity, and pH were measured in situ. The spread plate technique was used to inoculate the samples collected on plates with a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. A total of 208 colonies (68 from water samples and 140 from sediment samples) were isolated, and they were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Filamentous fungus density was higher in the sediment than in the water, and the samplings performed in the winter revealed a higher density than those performed in the summer. Though some of the environmental parameters were not ideal for fungal development, a high quantity of growth was nevertheless observed. When the isolated colonies were analyzed, the greatest diversity and species richness were found in the summer samples. The genera identified in all of the samples were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Fusarium. The pathogenic species found from these genera were Aspergillus fumigatus, A. terreus, Penicillium citrinum, and P. chrysogenum. These species are also able to produce enzymes that offer a variety of applications. The fungal community described herein represents the diversity found in this mangrove swamp during the period studied. Many of the fungus species found are pathogenic and may be useful due to their ability to produce specific enzymes applicable in the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Genetic Polymorphisms in Glutathione (GSH-) Related Genes Affect the Plasmatic Hg/Whole Blood Hg Partitioning and the Distribution between Inorganic and Methylmercury Levels in Plasma Collected from a Fish-Eating Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréia Ávila Soares de Oliveira ◽  
Marilesia Ferreira de Souza ◽  
André van Helvoort Lengert ◽  
Marcelo Tempesta de Oliveira ◽  
Rossana Batista de Oliveira Godoy Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Mercury Species ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Total Hg ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Plasma Compartment

This study aims to evaluate the effects of polymorphisms in glutathione (GSH-) related genes (GSTM1,GSTT1,GSTP1,GCLM, andGCLC) in the distribution of Hg in the blood compartments in humans exposed to methylmercury (MeHg). Subjects (n=88), exposed to MeHg from fish consumption, were enrolled in the study. Hg species in the plasma compartment were determined by LC-ICP-MS, whereas genotyping was performed by PCR assays. Mean total Hg levels in plasma (THgP) and whole blood (THgB) were10±4.2and37±21, whereas mean evels of plasmatic MeHg (MeHgP), inorganic Hg (IHgP), and HgP/HgB were4.3±2.9,5.8±2.3 µg/L, and0.33±0.15, respectively.GSTM1andGCLCpolymorphisms influence THgP and MeHgP (multivariate analyses,P<0.050). Null homozygotes forGSTM1showed higher THgP and MeHgP levels compared to subjects withGSTM1(THgPβ=0.22,P=0.035; MeHgPβ=0.30,P=0.050) and persons carrying at least one T allele forGCLChad significant higher MeHgP (β=0.59,P=0.046). Also, polymorphicGCLMsubjects had lower THgP/THgB than those with the nonvariant genotype. Taken together, data of this study suggest that GSH-related polymorphisms may change the metabolism of MeHg by modifying the distribution of mercury species iin plasma compartment and the HgP/HgB partitioning.

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