scholarly journals Porosity Models for Large-Scale Urban Flood Modelling: A Review

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 960
Author(s):  
Benjamin Dewals ◽  
Martin Bruwier ◽  
Michel Pirotton ◽  
Sebastien Erpicum ◽  
Pierre Archambeau
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Formulation ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Shallow Water Models ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

In the context of large-scale urban flood modeling, porosity shallow-water models enable a considerable speed-up in computations while preserving information on subgrid topography. Over the last two decades, major improvements have been brought to these models, but a single generally accepted model formulation has not yet been reached. Instead, existing models vary in many respects. Some studies define porosity parameters at the scale of the computational cells or cell interfaces, while others treat the urban area as a continuum and introduce statistically defined porosity parameters. The porosity parameters are considered either isotropic or anisotropic and depth-independent or depth-dependent. The underlying flow models are based either on the full shallow-water equations or approximations thereof, with various flow resistance parameterizations. Here, we provide a review of the spectrum of porosity models developed so far for large-scale urban flood modeling.

scholarly journals Two-Dimensional Shallow-Water Model with Porosity for Urban Flood Modeling

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1307
Author(s):  
Malika Benslimane ◽  
Saâdia Benmamar ◽  
André Paquier
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Momentum Equation ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Finite Volume Scheme ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
Urban Flood

In the world, floods are at the forefront of natural hazard. Urban areas are often at risk of flooding and just as often unprepared for management. Flood modeling is nowadays a very important topic in the theme of water, it inevitably involves the numerical resolution of the shallow water equations derived from the Navier Stocks equations governing flows. Two-dimensional shallow water models with porosity appear as an interesting path for the large-scale modeling of floodplains with urbanized areas. The porosity accounts for the reduction in storage and in the exchange sections due to the presence of buildings and other structures in the floodplain. The introduction of a porosity into the two-dimensional shallow water equations leads to modified expressions for the fluxes and source terms. An extra source term appears in the momentum equation. The developed solution method consists in solving the two-dimensional shallow water equations with porosity via a finite volume scheme solving the conservative form of the equations which can be reduced to a calculation of flux through an edge, a problem that can be approached by a one-dimensional problem in the normal direction at the edge (Riemann problem).

scholarly journals A Data-Driven Hybrid Urban Flood Modelling Approach

10.29007/fbh3 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Li ◽  
Patrick Willems
Keyword(s):  
Data Availability ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Data Sparseness ◽  
Input Quality ◽  
Fully Adaptive ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

Urban flood pre-warning decisions made upon urban flood modeling is crucial for human and property management in urban area. However, urbanization, changing environmental conditions and climate change are challenging urban sewer models for their adaptability. While hydraulic models are capable of making accurate flood predictions, they are less flexible and more computationally expensive compared with conceptual models, which are simpler and more efficient. In the era of exploding data availability and computing techniques, data-driven models are gaining popularity in urban flood modelling, but meanwhile suffer from data sparseness. To overcome this issue, a hybrid urban flood modeling approach is proposed in this study. It incorporates a conceptual model to account for the dominant sewer hydrological processes and a logistic regression model able to predict the probabilities of flooding on a sub-urban scale. This approach is demonstrated for a highly urbanized area in Antwerp, Belgium. After comparison with a 1D/0D hydrodynamic model, its ability is shown with promising results to make probabilistic flood predictions, regardless of rainfall types or seasonal variation. In addition, the model has higher tolerance on data input quality and is fully adaptive for real time applications.

scholarly journals Calving cycle of the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica, driven by changes in ice shelf geometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2771-2787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan De Rydt ◽  
Gudmundur Hilmar Gudmundsson ◽  
Thomas Nagler ◽  
Jan Wuite
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Ice Flow ◽  
Ice Shelves ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Natural Laboratory

Abstract. Despite the potentially detrimental impact of large-scale calving events on the geometry and ice flow of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, little is known about the processes that drive rift formation prior to calving, or what controls the timing of these events. The Brunt Ice Shelf in East Antarctica presents a rare natural laboratory to study these processes, following the recent formation of two rifts, each now exceeding 50 km in length. Here we use 2 decades of in situ and remote sensing observations, together with numerical modelling, to reveal how slow changes in ice shelf geometry over time caused build-up of mechanical tension far upstream of the ice front, and culminated in rift formation and a significant speed-up of the ice shelf. These internal feedbacks, whereby ice shelves generate the very conditions that lead to their own (partial) disintegration, are currently missing from ice flow models, which severely limits their ability to accurately predict future sea level rise.

scholarly journals Calving cycle of the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica, driven by changes in ice-shelf geometry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan De Rydt ◽  
G. Hilmar Gudmundsson ◽  
Thomas Nagler ◽  
Jan Wuite
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Ice Flow ◽  
Ice Shelves ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Natural Laboratory

Abstract. Despite the potentially detrimental impact of large-scale calving events on the geometry and ice flow of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, little is known about the processes that drive rift formation prior to calving, or what controls the timing of these events. The Brunt Ice Shelf in East Antarctica presents a rare natural laboratory to study these processes, following the recent formation of two rifts, each now exceeding 50 km in length. Here we use a unique 50-years' time series of in-situ and remote sensing observations, together with numerical modelling, to reveal how slow changes in ice shelf geometry over time caused build-up of mechanical tension far upstream of the ice front, and culminated in rift formation and a significant speed-up of the ice shelf. These internal feedbacks, whereby ice shelves generate the very conditions that lead to their own (partial) disintegration are currently missing from ice flow models, which severely limits their ability to accurately predict future sea level rise.

scholarly journals Urban flood modeling with porous shallow-water equations: A case study of model errors in the presence of anisotropic porosity

2015 ◽  
Vol 523 ◽  
pp. 680-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byunghyun Kim ◽  
Brett F. Sanders ◽  
James S. Famiglietti ◽  
Vincent Guinot
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Model Errors ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
Urban Flood

scholarly journals Dual integral porosity shallow water model for urban flood modelling

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 16-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Guinot ◽  
Brett F. Sanders ◽  
Jochen E. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Shallow Water Model ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

scholarly journals Urban Stormwater Modeling with Local Inertial Approximation Form of Shallow Water Equations: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqi Wang ◽  
Wenjie Chen ◽  
Guoru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Flood Modeling ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Form Model

AbstractThis study focused on the performance and limitations of the local inertial approximation form model (LIM) of the shallow water equations (SWEs) when applied in urban flood modeling. A numerical scheme of the LIM equations was created using finite volume method with a first-order spatiotemporal Roe Riemann solver. A simplified urban stormwater model (SUSM) considering surface and underground dual drainage system was constructed based on LIM and the US Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model. Moreover, a complete urban stormwater model (USM) based on the SWEs with the same solution algorithm was used as the evaluation benchmark. Numerical results of the SUSM and USM in a highly urbanized area under four rainfall return periods were analyzed and compared. The results reveal that the performance of the SUSM is highly consistent with that of the USM but with an improvement in computational efficiency of approximately 140%. In terms of the accuracy of the model, the SUSM slightly underestimates the water depth and velocity and is less accurate when dealing with supercritical flow in urban stormwater flood modeling. Overall, the SUSM can produce comparable results to USM with higher computational efficiency, which provides a simplified and alternative method for urban flood modeling.

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