scholarly journals Natural Organic Matter Removal from Raw Surface Water: Benchmarking Performance of Chemical Coagulants through Excitation-Emission Fluorescence Matrix Spectroscopy Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Raymond John C. Go ◽  
Hui-Ling Yang ◽  
Chi-Chuan Kan ◽  
Dennis C. Ong ◽  
Sergi Garcia-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
By Products ◽  
Chemical Disinfection

Chemical disinfection of surface waters has been proven effective in minimizing the risk of contamination by water-borne pathogens. However, surface waters contain natural organic matter (NOM) which, upon chemical disinfection, is readily converted into hazardous disinfection-by-products. Hence, NOM removal from these waters is critical. Chemical coagulation is a readily implementable technology to minimize these undesired side-effects by NOM removal. Herein, capabilities of ferric chloride (FeCl3) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) as pre-treatment for NOM abatement from natural raw surface water have been benchmarked. Excitation-emission fluorescence matrix (EEM) spectroscopy characterization of NOM fractions demonstrated high removal efficiency. A two-level full factorial design was employed to analyze the effects of coagulant dosage and initial pH on the removal of turbidity, humic acid-like substances and fulvic acid-like substances from the raw water. Higher removal of ~77% NOM was attained with PACl than with FeCl3 (~72%). Optimization through response surface methodology showed that the initial pH—coagulant dosage interaction was significant in removing NOM and turbidity for both PACl and FeCl3. These results identify the opportunity for coagulation technologies to prevent and minimize disinfection-by-products formation through NOM removal.

scholarly journals Differential absorbance as evaluation method of TOX concentrations generated during surface water chlorination

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jodłowski
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Halogen Compounds ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Water Chlorination ◽  
By Products

Chlorination of waters containing natural organic matter (NOM) produces disinfection by-products (DBPs) including harmful THMs and HAAs. A collective parameter and toxicity index of all chlorination products contained in finished water is the total concentration of organic-bound halogen compounds (TOX). Determination of this indicator is carried out by adsorption-pyrolysis method, which is complicated and requires specialized apparatus. The competitive method of TOX concentration determination in water is differential absorbance. Effect of natural organic matter removal from surface waters in coagulation as well in coagulation and adsorption processes on the decrease of TOX concentration measured by differential absorbance was determined.

scholarly journals Selective removal of natural organic matter during drinking water production changes the composition of disinfection by-products

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Andersson ◽  
Elin Lavonen ◽  
Mourad Harir ◽  
Michael Gonsior ◽  
Norbert Hertkorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
By Products ◽  
Chemical Disinfection

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are potentially toxic compounds formed upon chemical disinfection of drinking water. This study evaluate how treatment approaches affect DBP formation and composition.

Application of Polyaluminum Chloride-Polyacrylamide as New Water Treatment Material for the Removal of Natural Organic Matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 1003 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhao ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Wei Hua Yang ◽  
Zhang Jian Zou
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Positively Charged

Natural organic matter (NOM) is easily soluble in surface water and difficult to be removed thoroughly. In this paper, polyaluminum chloride-polyacrylamide (PAC-PAM), as a new water treatment material, was proposed to solve this problem by coagulation treatment. The performance, mechanism and kinetic process of NOM removal were investigated systematically. Results showed that the optimum dosage of PAC and PAM was 10 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L for NOM removal of Yellow River water. In this condition, NOM could be removed effectively due to positively charged PAM addition. The size, growth rate and recovery factor of flocs generated by PAC-PAM reached 419 μm, 34.9 μm/min and 0.48, respectively, while only 355 μm, 27.9 μm/min and 0.31 were obtained by PAC. Moreover, the adsorption and bridging effect of PAM assisted the formation of multi-branched flocs, which brought fast settle velocity and low turbidity of supernatant after coagulation.

scholarly journals Improving natural organic matter and turbidity removal from surface water by pre-coagulation combined with ozone/ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parastoo Setareh ◽  
Meghdad Pirsaheb ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Khezri ◽  
Hiwa Hossaini
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Dose Power ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Power Intensity ◽  
The Us ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Input Variables

Abstract Recently, we showed that the pre-treatment with ultrasound/ozone (US/O3) could remarkably enhance the performance of coagulation in removing natural organic matter (NOM) and turbidity from surface waters. In the present study another of our aim was to investigate whether the pretreatment with coagulation combined with post-oxidation (US/O3) can also remove NOM, turbidity and coliform from the same water resources. NOM and turbidity removal were measured by UV absorbance at 254 (UV254) and a turbidimeter, respectively. Aluminum sulfate (alum), ferric chloride (FC), and poly aluminum chloride (PACl) were tested as coagulants. The disinfection potential of the US/O3 process was evaluated by measuring coliform counts. The effects of different input variables including ozone dose, power intensity, ultrasounds frequency, reaction time, coagulant type, dose of coagulant and coagulant aid was examined on the process performance. Design of experiments (DoE) and surface response methodology (RSM) techniques were employed to optimize the operating parameters. Individual coagulation process decreased NOM and turbidity up to 33 and 15%, however pre-coagulation combined with US/O3 decreased NOM and turbidity 75 and 32%, respectively. Although the PACL was the best coagulant in the sole coagulation, but in pre-coagulation combined with US/O3 process, FC exhibited the best performance. Treatment with US/O3 following pre-coagulation decreased the amount of coagulant and coagulant aid needed for the treatment. Pre-coagulation followed by US/O3 improves the NOM, turbidity and coliform removal, so could be considered as potential method for removing NOM, turbidity and coliform.

Long-term performance of biological ion exchange for the removal of natural organic matter and ammonia from surface waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargess Amini ◽  
Isabelle Papineau ◽  
Veronika Storck ◽  
Pierre R. Bérubé ◽  
Madjid Mohseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Application of composite flocculants for removing organic matter and mitigating ultrafiltration membrane fouling in surface water treatment: the role of composite ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2242-2250
Author(s):  
Xue Shen ◽  
Baoyu Gao ◽  
Kangying Guo ◽  
Qinyan Yue
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling

Coagulation prior to the ultrafiltration (UF) process was implemented to improve natural organic matter (NOM) removal and membrane permeability.

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