scholarly journals Improving natural organic matter and turbidity removal from surface water by pre-coagulation combined with ozone/ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parastoo Setareh ◽  
Meghdad Pirsaheb ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Khezri ◽  
Hiwa Hossaini
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Dose Power ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Power Intensity ◽  
The Us ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Input Variables

Abstract Recently, we showed that the pre-treatment with ultrasound/ozone (US/O3) could remarkably enhance the performance of coagulation in removing natural organic matter (NOM) and turbidity from surface waters. In the present study another of our aim was to investigate whether the pretreatment with coagulation combined with post-oxidation (US/O3) can also remove NOM, turbidity and coliform from the same water resources. NOM and turbidity removal were measured by UV absorbance at 254 (UV254) and a turbidimeter, respectively. Aluminum sulfate (alum), ferric chloride (FC), and poly aluminum chloride (PACl) were tested as coagulants. The disinfection potential of the US/O3 process was evaluated by measuring coliform counts. The effects of different input variables including ozone dose, power intensity, ultrasounds frequency, reaction time, coagulant type, dose of coagulant and coagulant aid was examined on the process performance. Design of experiments (DoE) and surface response methodology (RSM) techniques were employed to optimize the operating parameters. Individual coagulation process decreased NOM and turbidity up to 33 and 15%, however pre-coagulation combined with US/O3 decreased NOM and turbidity 75 and 32%, respectively. Although the PACL was the best coagulant in the sole coagulation, but in pre-coagulation combined with US/O3 process, FC exhibited the best performance. Treatment with US/O3 following pre-coagulation decreased the amount of coagulant and coagulant aid needed for the treatment. Pre-coagulation followed by US/O3 improves the NOM, turbidity and coliform removal, so could be considered as potential method for removing NOM, turbidity and coliform.

scholarly journals Natural Organic Matter Removal from Raw Surface Water: Benchmarking Performance of Chemical Coagulants through Excitation-Emission Fluorescence Matrix Spectroscopy Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Raymond John C. Go ◽  
Hui-Ling Yang ◽  
Chi-Chuan Kan ◽  
Dennis C. Ong ◽  
Sergi Garcia-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
By Products ◽  
Chemical Disinfection

Chemical disinfection of surface waters has been proven effective in minimizing the risk of contamination by water-borne pathogens. However, surface waters contain natural organic matter (NOM) which, upon chemical disinfection, is readily converted into hazardous disinfection-by-products. Hence, NOM removal from these waters is critical. Chemical coagulation is a readily implementable technology to minimize these undesired side-effects by NOM removal. Herein, capabilities of ferric chloride (FeCl3) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) as pre-treatment for NOM abatement from natural raw surface water have been benchmarked. Excitation-emission fluorescence matrix (EEM) spectroscopy characterization of NOM fractions demonstrated high removal efficiency. A two-level full factorial design was employed to analyze the effects of coagulant dosage and initial pH on the removal of turbidity, humic acid-like substances and fulvic acid-like substances from the raw water. Higher removal of ~77% NOM was attained with PACl than with FeCl3 (~72%). Optimization through response surface methodology showed that the initial pH—coagulant dosage interaction was significant in removing NOM and turbidity for both PACl and FeCl3. These results identify the opportunity for coagulation technologies to prevent and minimize disinfection-by-products formation through NOM removal.

Long-term performance of biological ion exchange for the removal of natural organic matter and ammonia from surface waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargess Amini ◽  
Isabelle Papineau ◽  
Veronika Storck ◽  
Pierre R. Bérubé ◽  
Madjid Mohseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Effect of Two Stages Adsorption as Pre-Treatment of Natural Organic Matter Removal in Ultrafiltration Process for Peat Water Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud ◽  
Muthia Elma ◽  
Erdina Lulu Atika Rampun ◽  
Aulia Rahma ◽  
Amalia Enggar Pratiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Ultra Filtration ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Two Stages

Natural Organic Matter (NOM) content in peat water is a major problem of membrane fouling in ultrafiltration (UF). For that, two stages adsorption as pre-treatment was employed to minimize the membrane fouling of NOM content. This research was carried out to investigate the effect of two stages adsorption on ultrafiltration performance for NOM removal that remains in peat water. This method was using powdered activated carbon (PAC) dosage of 80, 160, 240, 320, 400, 480, 560, 640, 720, 800, 880 dan 960 mg.L-1. Then, Polysulfone (Psf) material was employed for Ultra filtration process. Membrane was applied in a dead-end mode with various operating pressure (1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3 bar). As a results, the optimum dose of PAC was 800 mg L-1 with dosage ratio of 3/4:1/4. Two stages adsorption-UF PSf provided the range from 86.9 to 92.8% of KMnO4 and 74.1-88.1% of UV254. For the experimental condition of 3 bar, the highest flux was achieved up to 39.919 L h-1.m-2.

Direct coagulation pretreatment in nanofiltration of waters rich in organic matter and calcium

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
A. I. Schäfer ◽  
A.G. Fane ◽  
T.D. Waite
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Multivalent Ions ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Calcium Complexes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Flux

Nanofiltration (NF) can remove natural organic matter (NOM) and multivalent ions from surface waters. Large hydrophobic organics and calcium ions are responsible for irreversible fouling of nanofiltration membranes and thus a decrease of process efficiency and increase in cleaning requirements. Fouling due to the precipitation of organic-calcium complexes and the impact of colloids and coagulant (FeCl3) on the precipitation of these species was investigated. Coagulation in solution (as opposed to in the boundary layer) did not cause significant flux decline and was able to prevent irreversible fouling under conditions which were previously determined as detrimental. The rejection was varied if a strongly charged solid was deposited on the membrane.

Potassium Permanganate and Chlorine Reactions with Natural Organic Compounds in Algerian Surface Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 1383-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Achour ◽  
Saadia Guergazi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Natural Organic Compounds ◽  
Chlorine Demand ◽  
Permanganate Consumption

The aim of this work is to study effect of two powerful oxidants (potassium permanganate and chlorine) on natural organic matter in surface waters. Trials are conducted out with three Algerian surface waters under controlled experimental conditions (oxidant dose applied and contact time). Permanganate was used alone in the first step, while the combination permanganate-chlorine was used in the second step.As for chlorine demand, permanganate consumption seems correlated with physicochemical characteristics of waters and particularly the nature and content of organic matter. The effect of a coupling preoxidation by permanganate / post-chlorination resulted in a decrease of chlorine consumption and amounts of produced trihalomethanes.

scholarly journals Differential absorbance as evaluation method of TOX concentrations generated during surface water chlorination

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jodłowski
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Halogen Compounds ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Water Chlorination ◽  
By Products

Chlorination of waters containing natural organic matter (NOM) produces disinfection by-products (DBPs) including harmful THMs and HAAs. A collective parameter and toxicity index of all chlorination products contained in finished water is the total concentration of organic-bound halogen compounds (TOX). Determination of this indicator is carried out by adsorption-pyrolysis method, which is complicated and requires specialized apparatus. The competitive method of TOX concentration determination in water is differential absorbance. Effect of natural organic matter removal from surface waters in coagulation as well in coagulation and adsorption processes on the decrease of TOX concentration measured by differential absorbance was determined.

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