scholarly journals Land Application of Biosolids in Europe: Possibilities, Con-Straints and Future Perspectives

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Andrea Gianico ◽  
Camilla Maria Braguglia ◽  
Agata Gallipoli ◽  
Daniele Montecchio ◽  
Giuseppe Mininni
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
A Value ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Agricultural Use

The agricultural use of good quality sludge represents a value-added route to ensure growth sustainability in Europe, where raw material availability, for example, for phosphorus, is insufficient to meet demand. However, the possible presence of pathogens, pharmaceuticals and heavy metals requires specific regulations to minimize sludge-related health issues and environmental risks. The current regulation on sludge agricultural use applied by many EU countries is here presented and compared, highlighting scarce harmonization of the legislative framework among Member States. Actual issues, such as the fate of emerging micropollutants and microplastics in sludge-amended soils, and public health concerns regarding sludge spreading during the COVID-19 epidemic, are considered, too.

scholarly journals Recent Updates on the Conversion of Pineapple Waste (Ananas comosus) to Value-Added Products, Future Perspectives and Challenges

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2221
Author(s):  
Adila Fazliyana Aili Hamzah ◽  
Muhammad Hazwan Hamzah ◽  
Hasfalina Che Man ◽  
Nur Syakina Jamali ◽  
Shamsul Izhar Siajam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Pineapple Waste ◽  
Protease Enzyme

Pineapple waste accounts for a significant part of waste accumulated in landfill which will further contribute to the release of greenhouse gases. With the rising pineapple demands worldwide, the abundance of pineapple waste and its disposal techniques are a major concern. Exploiting the pineapple waste into valuable products could be the most sustainable way of managing these residues due to their useful properties and compositions. In this review, we concentrated on producing useful products from on-farm pineapple waste and processing waste. Bioenergy is the most suitable option for green energy to encounter the increasing demand for renewable energy and promotes sustainable development for agricultural waste. The presence of protease enzyme in pineapple waste makes it a suitable raw material for bromelain production. The high cellulose content present in pineapple waste has a potential for the production of cellulose nanocrystals, biodegradable packaging and bio-adsorbent, and can potentially be applied in the polymer, food and textile industries. Other than that, it is also a suitable substrate for the production of wine, vinegar and organic acid due to its high sugar content, especially from the peel wastes. The potentials of bioenergy production through biofuels (bioethanol, biobutanol and biodiesel) and biogas (biomethane and biohydrogen) were also assessed. The commercial use of pineapples is also highlighted. Despite the opportunities, future perspectives and challenges concerning pineapple waste utilisation to value-added goods were also addressed. Pineapple waste conversions have shown to reduce waste generation, and the products derived from the conversion would support the waste-to-wealth concept.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU DAN NILAI TAMBAH PRODUK MANISAN PADA AGROINDUSTRI REZEKI MORO DI DESA PESUCEN KECAMATAN KALIPURO KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Inkatama Kharismawanti ◽  
Djoko Soejono
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Stock Level ◽  
A Value

<p><em>Candied fruit is one of the processed foods which favored by many people. One of the sweets agro-industry that exists in Pesucen, Kalipuro, Banyuwangi is Rezeki Moro agro-industry. This study aimed to find out: 1) the stock level of raw materials of candid fruit in Rezeki Moro agro-industry, 2) the optimal time to reorder raw materials, and 3) the amount of added value of fruit after being processed into candied fruit. The data analysis used was the analysis of raw materials availability using EOQ and ROP methods and value-added. The result of the study showed that  the need for raw material such as nutmeg was 30 kilograms, while the number of economical orders with the EOQ method was 73 kilograms. The need for tamarind was 25 kilograms, while the number of economical orders with the EOQ method was 32 kilograms, also the need for ceremai (Phyllantus acidus) was 50 kilograms while the number of economical orders with the EOQ method was 60 kilograms. The level of reordering of raw materials from all sweets product in Rezeki Moro agro-industry was efficient since the ROP point was smaller than the EOQ point. The processing of candied nutmeg provided an added value of Rp. 9,848.00 (39.39%). The added value of processing candied tamarind is Rp. 17,468.00 (46%). Furthermore, the processing of candied ceremai has added value Rp. 12,548.00 with a value-added ratio of 43.5%.</em></p><p> </p><p>Manisan buah adalah salah satu bentuk makanan olahan yang banyak disukai oleh masyarakat. Salah satu Agroindustri manisan yang ada di Desa Pesucen Kecamatan Kalipuro Kabupaten Banyuwangi adalah Agroindustri Rezeki Moro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) tingkat persediaan bahan baku manisan buah pada agroindustri manisan Rezeki Moro, (2) waktu optimal pemesanan kembali bahan baku (3) besarnya nilai tambah buah setelah dijadikan manisan buah. Analisis data menggunakan analisis ketersediaan bahan baku dengan metode EOQ dan ROP serta nilai tambah. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan bahan baku pala adalah sebesar 30 kilogram sedangkan jumlah pemesanan ekonomis dengan metode EOQ adalah sebesar 73 kilogram. Kebutuhan bahan baku asem adalah sebesar 25 kilogram sedangkan jumlah pemesanan ekonomis dengan metode EOQ adalah sebesar 32 kilogram, begitu juga dengan Kebutuhan bahan baku ceremai adalah sebesar 50 kilogram sedangkan jumlah pemesanan ekonomis dengan metode EOQ adalah sebesar  60 kilogram. Tingkat pemesanan kembali bahan baku dari semua produk manisan pada Agroindustri Manisan Buah Rezeki Moro adalah efisien, dikarenakan nilai ROP lebih kecil daripada nilai EOQ. Pengolahan manisan pala memberikan nilai tambah sebesar Rp. 98,48,00 (39,39%). Nilai tambah pengolahan manisan asem sebesar Rp. 17.468,00 (46%). Selain itu, pengolahan manisan ceremai memiliki nilai tambah sebesar Rp. 12.548,00 (43,5%).</p>

Synthesis of Lignin-Based Polyurethanes: A Mini-Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Rocha Gouveia ◽  
Cleber Lucius da Costa ◽  
Lara Basílio Tavares ◽  
Demetrio Jackson dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
A Value ◽  
Reactive Groups ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Renewable Raw Material ◽  
Direct Incorporation

Lignin is a natural polymer composed primarily of phenylpropanoid structures with an abundance of reactive groups: aliphatic and aromatic hydroxyls, phenols, and carbonyls. Considering the large quantity of hydroxyl groups, lignin has significant potential as a replacement for petroleum-based polyols in polyurethane (PU) synthesis and as a value-added, renewable raw material for this purpose. Several methods of lignin-based polyurethane synthesis are reviewed in this paper for reactive and thermoplastic systems: direct lignin incorporation, chemical lignin modification and depolymerization. Despite the unmodified lignin low reactivity towards diisocyanates, its direct incorporation as polyol generates highly brittle PUs, but with proper performance when applied as adhesive for wood. PU brittleness can be reduced employing polyols obtained from lignin/chain extender blends, in which glass transition temperature (Tg), mechanical properties and PU homogeneity are strongly affected by lignin content. The potential applications of lignin can be enhanced by lignin chemical modifications, including oxyalkylation and depolymerization, improving polyurethanes properties. Another PU category, lignin- based thermoplastic polyurethane (LTPU) synthesis, emerges as a sustainable alternative and is also presented in this work.

scholarly journals Application of Alum Sludge in Wastewater Treatment Processes: “Science” of Reuse and Reclamation Pathways

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Huina Xie ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Lihong Zhang ◽  
Yaqian Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
A Value ◽  
Beneficial Reuse ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Alum Sludge ◽  
Drinking Water Purification

Alum sludge (AlS) refers to the inevitable by-product generated during the drinking water purification process, where Al-salt is used as a coagulant in the water industry. It has long been treated as “waste”, while landfill is its major final disposal destination. In fact, AlS is an underutilized material with huge potential for beneficial reuse as a raw material in various wastewater treatment processes. In the last two decades, intensive studies have been conducted worldwide to explore the “science” and practical application of AlS. This paper focuses on the recent developments in the use of AlS that show its strong potential for reuse in wastewater treatment processes. In particular, the review covers the key “science” of the nature and mechanisms of AlS, revealing why AlS has the potential to be a value-added material. In addition, the future focus of research towards the widespread application of AlS as a raw material/product in commercial markets is suggested, which expands the scope for AlS research and development.

scholarly journals Hayami method application: A value-added analysis of rice crackers industry in ex-residency of Madiun

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
M T Sundari ◽  
Setyowati ◽  
R K Adi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Improve Efficiency ◽  
Average Value ◽  
A Value ◽  
Working Hour ◽  
Rice Processing

Abstract This study aimed to determine the value-added of rice processing into rice crackers in the Ex-Residency of Madiun, East Java. Three areas (Ponorogo Regency, Magetan Regency, and Madiun City) well-known as rice crackers producers were chosen as the locations. The sample in this study was selected purposively. The result shows that the average value-added per raw material was Rp 2,210.57/kg with an average of 946.67 kg/month for raw material used. Using the Hayami method, the average value-added was Rp 14,206.33 per working hour. Rice crackers SMEs are advised to continue to improve efficiency, especially in terms of cost and the use of raw materials to further increase the value-added.

scholarly journals Assessing the potential impact of a biorefinery product from sawmill residues on the profitability of a hardwood value chain

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 857-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Hassegawa ◽  
Nancy Gélinas ◽  
Daniel Beaudoin ◽  
Alexis Achim
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
A Value ◽  
Major Constraint ◽  
Potential Impact

Due to the high amount of low-quality hardwoods harvested during selection cuts, the forest industry has been facing a decline in profit margins. One possible solution for utilizing the low-quality raw material is the production of extracts. The objective of this work was to estimate to what extent the inclusion of betulin in the traditional wood products portfolio could extend the profitability of a hardwood value chain. The profitability of a selection cut was assessed from the sawmill perspective, followed by an evaluation of the potential financial gain of producing betulin. Finally, the inclusion of betulin in a value chain was assessed. Results showed that the profitability of selection cuts was very low in some forest stands. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that, among selected costs and revenues, profit was more sensitive to variations in the value of coproducts. If a fraction of coproducts volume was used to extract betulin, it would be sufficient to generate enough revenue to offset the total costs; however, a major constraint was the small size of the current betulin market, with annual sales not exceeding 1000 kg. Despite that, results demonstrate the potentially strong contribution of high value added extracts to the profitability of the forest value chain.

scholarly journals ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PRODUK OLAHAN KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum) DI KECAMATAN CIKAJANG KABUPATEN GARUT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Qisthy Arinal Haq ◽  
Eliana Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
A Value ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Business Efficiency

The number of potato processors in Cikajang Sub-district Garut District is still relatively small, while Cikajang Sub-district Garut District is one of the production centers of potato commodities, which means the availability of abundant raw materials and has potential to be processed into other products to create added value. This problem can be caused by lack of information regarding the amount of added value that can be obtained from the processing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the business efficiency and added value of potato processing. This study uses a quantitative research design with a questionnaire as a research instrument to 11 potato processors in Cikajang Sub-district, Garut District using the census method in September – November 2019. Data sources used are primary and secondary data. The data collected was processed using the business efficiency analysis method (RC ratio) and Hayami method. The results showed that the efficiency of processing potatoes into potato chips in Cikajang Sub-district was 1.8 and the added value obtained was Rp 10,647.4 / kg of potato raw material with a value-added ratio of 48.04%.

ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN UBI KAYU (Manihot utilissima)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Mei Linda Sipayung ◽  
Reza Alfano Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
A Value ◽  
Support Costs ◽  
North Sumatra

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui keuntungan dari usaha pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi bahan mentah keripik singkong,  efisiensi dari usaha pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi bahan mentah keripik singkong, dan nilai tambah dari usaha pengolahan ubi kayu bahan mentah menjadi keripik singkong di Kecamatan Namorambe.Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Deli Tua Kecamatan Namorambe kabupaten Deli Serdang, Provinsi Sumatera Utara.Penentuan daerah penelitian dilakukan secara purposive (sengaja) dengan pertimbangan bahwa desa ini merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil bahan mentah kripik singkong di sumatera utara.Jumlah sampel sekaligus populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 15 sampel pengusaha bahan mentah kripik singkong di desa deli tua kecamatan namorambe.Analisis data menggunakan analisis nilai tambah dan menghitung jumlah baiaya penunjamg dan biaya bahan baku, total penerimaan akan dianalisis berdasarkan nilai produksi  dikalikan harga.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan usaha pengelolaan ubi kayu menjadi bahan mentah kripik  singkong sebesar 183.480.000/ bulan, dengan biaya produksi sebesar Rp. 113.443.810/bulan, sehinga diperoleh pendapatan bersih  sebesar Rp.  70.036.190/bulan.Rasio R/C rasio pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi bahan mentah kripik singkong sebesar 1,6> 1. Oleh karena R/C rasio lebih besar satu sehingga pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi bahan mentah kripik singkong layak diusahakan.  Nilai tambah  pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi bahan mentah kripik singkong dalam satu bulan adalah Rp 82.478.533/bulan, dengan rasio nilai tambah sebesar 1,37 % < 50 % artinya nilai tambah tersebut tergolong rendah. ABSTRACK  This study aims to determine  the benefits of processing cassava into cassava chips,  the efficiency of cassava processing into cassava chips, and  the added value of cassava processing business into cassava chips in Namorambe District. The study was conducted in Deli Tua Village, Namorambe District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. The determination of the research area was carried out purposively with the consideration that this village was one of the areas producing cassava chips raw material in northern Sumatra. The number of samples as well as the population in this study were 15 samples of cassava chips raw material entrepreneurs in the old deli village of Namorambe sub-district. Data analysis uses value added analysis and calculates the amount of support costs and raw material costs, the total revenue will be analyzed based on the value of production multiplied by the price. The results showed that the acceptance of cassava management business into cassava chips raw material was 183,480,000 / month, with a production cost of  Rp. 113,443,810 / month, so that a net income of Rp. 70,036,190 / month. R / C ratio of processing cassava into cassava chips raw material is 1.6> 1. Because the R / C ratio is greater than one, so processing cassava into cassava chips raw material is feasible. The added value of processing cassava into cassava chips in one month is Rp. 82,478,533 / month, with a value-added ratio of 1.37% <50% meaning that the added value is relatively low.  

scholarly journals ANALISIS PROKSIMAT KEONG MAS DARI POKLAHSAR MAJU JAYA, TEGAL

MARLIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Widya Pangestika ◽  
Satriya Abrian ◽  
Nita Nita ◽  
Sunan Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
A Value ◽  
Constituent Component ◽  
Fishery Products

Poklahsar Maju Jaya yang berlokasi di Tegal memproduksi banyak produk olahan perikanan. Salah satu produk olahan perikanan yang menjadi andalan pada Poklahsar ini adalah Keong Mas. Keong Mas termasuk ke dalam value added product yang diolah dengan menggunakan bahan baku daging ikan giling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengolahan Keong Mas sebagai value added product, dan mengetahui nutrisi produk Keong Mas melalui analisis proksimat pangan. Terdapat dua jenis data dalam penelitian ini, antara lain: data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui pengamatan langsung, sementara data sekunder diperoleh melalui hasil analisis proksimat yang dilakukan oleh Poklahsar Maju Jaya. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Jenis ikan yang digunakan oleh Poklahsar Maju Jaya untuk membuat produk olahan berupa Keong Mas adalah Ikan Swangi (Priacanthus tayenus). Jenis ikan ini banyak tersedia di perairan Tegal sehingga memudahkan untuk pengolahan yang berkelanjutan. Proses pengolahan Keong Mas terdiri dari beberapa tahapan, antara lain: penerimaan bahan baku, pencucian, thawing, pencampuran dan pengadonan, pembentukan, pemasakan, pendinginan, sortasi, pengemasan dan pelabelan, penyimpanan, dan pemuatan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis proksimat, diketahui bahwa kadar air merupakan komponen penyusun yang paling tinggi di dalam produk Keong Mas, yaitu sebesar 55.28%, dan disusul dengan kadar karbohidrat total adalah 34.90%. Apabila dibandingkan dengan SNI 7656:2013, maka gizi dalam produk Keong Mas memenuhi standar yang telah ditentukan.Poklahsar Maju Jaya, located in Tegal, produces many processed fishery products. One of the featured processed fishery products in Poklahsar is Keong Mas. Keong Mas is included in the value added product which is processed by using raw material for ground fish meat. This study aims to determine the processing of Keong Mas as a value added product, knowing the nutrition of Keong Mas through proximate analysis. There are two types of data in this study, including primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through direct observation, while secondary data were obtained through proximate analysis results conducted by Poklahsar Maju Jaya. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive analysis. The type of fish used by Poklahsar Maju Jaya to make Keong Mas is Swangi (Priacanthus tayenus) fish. This type of fish is widely available in Tegal waters making it easier for sustainable processing. Processing of Keong Mas consists of several stages, including: receipt of raw materials, washing, thawing, mixing and mixing, forming, cooking, cooling, sorting, packaging and labeling, storage, and loading. Based on the results of proximate analysis, it was known that water content was the highest constituent component in Keong Mas, which was equal to 55.28%, and followed by carbohydrate level, which was equal to 34.90%. When being compared to SNI 7656:2013, the nutrition in Keong Mas met the specified standards.

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