scholarly journals Use of Seasonal Streamflow Forecasts for Flood Mitigation with Adaptive Reservoir Operation: A Case Study of the Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand, in 2011

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3210
Author(s):  
Wongnarin Kompor ◽  
Sayaka Yoshikawa ◽  
Shinjiro Kanae
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Predictive Information ◽  
Streamflow Forecasts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chao Phraya River ◽  
Seasonal Streamflow

Predicting streamflow can help water managers make policy decisions for individual river basins. In 2011, heavy rainfall from May until October resulted in the largest flood event in the history of Thailand. This event created difficulty for water managers, who lacked information to make predictions. Studies on the 2011 Thai flood have proposed alternative reservoir operations for flood mitigation. However, no study to date has used predictive information to determine how to control reservoirs and mitigate such extreme floods. Thus, the objective of this study is to update and develop a method for using streamflow predictive data to support adaptive reservoir operation with the aim of mitigating the 2011 flood. The study area was the Chao Phraya River Basin, one of the most important basins in Thailand. We obtained predictive information from a hydrological model with a reservoir operation module using an ensemble of seasonal precipitation data from the European Centre for Medium–Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The six-month ECMWF prediction period was used to support the operation plan for mitigating flooding in 2011 around each reservoir during the wet season. Decision-making for reservoir operation based on seasonal predictions was conducted on a monthly time scale. The results showed that peak river discharge decreased slightly, by around 4%, when seasonal predictive data were used. Moreover, changing the reservoir operation plan and using seasonal predictions decreased the peak river discharge by around 20%.

The Chao Phraya River Basin: water quality and anthropogenic influences

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1287-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuanchan Singkran ◽  
Pitchaya Anantawong ◽  
Naree Intharawichian ◽  
Karika Kunta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Chao Phraya River

Abstract Land use influences and trends in water quality parameters were determined for the Chao Phraya River, Thailand. Dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) showed significant trends (R2 ≥ 0.5) across the year, while total phosphorus (TP) and faecal coliform bacteria (FCB) showed significant trends only in the wet season. DO increased, but BOD, NO3-N, and TP decreased, from the lower section (river kilometres (rkm) 7–58 from the river mouth) through the middle section (rkm 58–143) to the upper section (rkm 143–379) of the river. Lead and mercury showed weak/no trends (R2 < 0.5). Based on the river section, major land use groups were a combination of urban and built-up areas (43%) and aquaculture (21%) in the lower river basin, paddy fields (56%) and urban and built-up areas (21%) in the middle river basin, and paddy fields (44%) and other agricultural areas (34%) in the upper river basin. Most water quality and land use attributes had significantly positive or negative correlations (at P ≤ 0.05) among each other. The river was in crisis because of high FCB concentrations. Serious measures are suggested to manage FCB and relevant human activities in the river basin.

scholarly journals Application of performance metrics to climate models for projecting future river discharge in the Chao Phraya River basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Watanabe ◽  
Yukiko Hirabayashi ◽  
Shunji Kotsuki ◽  
Naota Hanasaki ◽  
Kenji Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Chao Phraya River

Impact assessment of reservoir operation for potential adaptation in the upper Chao Phraya River basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saritha Padiyedath Gopalan ◽  
Naota Hanasaki
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Peak Reduction ◽  
Future Scenario ◽  
Flood Peak ◽  
Chao Phraya River ◽  
The Impact

<p>The increased flood occurrence in the lower reaches of Chao Phraya River Basin, a major river system of Thailand, has caused tremendous economic as well as agricultural losses in the past. Reservoir operation is one of the most influential factors that can alleviate flood damage by controlling the natural flow. Hence, this study examines the effect of reservoir operation on the flood peak reduction for the baseline (1990-1999) as well as future (2090-2099) scenarios under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 6 emission scenario using the H08 global hydrological model with reservoir operation module. The main objectives of the study are; (i) analyze the effect of two largest existing reservoirs of Bhumibol and Sirikit at Nakhon Sawan (catchment area: 109973 km<sup>2</sup>), where major tributaries of the Chao Phraya River join together, and (ii) analyze the effect of a hypothetical dam, located in the upper reaches of Yom River (one of the tributaries of Chao Phraya River), at Sukhothai (catchment area: 12769 km<sup>2</sup>) and Nakhon Sawan for the baseline and future scenarios. For this purpose, the H08 model was calibrated at Nakhon Sawan and validated at 26 gauging stations within the catchment with an average daily and monthly Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency values of 50 and 66% respectively. The results of baseline scenario simulation revealed that the two major reservoirs cause an enormous reduction in the daily peak discharge by 21-52% at Nakhon Sawan, whereas the impact of the hypothetical dam was negligible (3-14%) due to its reduced storage capacity compared with the major reservoirs. On the other hand, the proposed hypothetical dam exhibited significant potential for the flood peak reduction by 15-53% at Sukhothai. Therefore, it can be envisaged that the hypothetical dam could reduce flood damage at the lower reaches of Yom River where flooding is regular due to gentle slope. Further, the simulated change in daily peak discharge without the reservoir effect for the future scenario was -0.55 to 5.78 and -0.72 to 7.68 times higher at Nakhon Sawan and Sukhothai respectively compared with the baseline scenario. The impact of two existing as well the hypothetical reservoirs on flood peak reduction was similar compared with the baseline scenario at Nakhon Sawan as well as at Sukhothai. This further indicates that the changes in discharge due to climate change are larger than those achieved by the reservoir operations for the future scenario even though the simulated discharge highly depends on which general circulation model was used as input.</p>

scholarly journals Future projection of mean river discharge climatology for the Chao Phraya River basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adisorn Champathong ◽  
Daisuke Komori ◽  
Masashi Kiguchi ◽  
Thada Sukhapunnaphan ◽  
Taikan Oki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Future Projection ◽  
Chao Phraya River

scholarly journals Simulating Reservoir Induced Lhasa Streamflow Variability Using ArcSWAT

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1370
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Tiesong Hu ◽  
Samreen Abdul Hakeem
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Lhasa River Basin ◽  
Lhasa River ◽  
Downstream Flow ◽  
Gauging Station

Lhasa River Basin being the socio-economic hotspot of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is experiencing an increased hydropower capacity in the form of damming and reservoir construction. The Pangduo hydropower station, commenced in 2013, is one of these developments. Lhasa River discharge is analyzed for spatial variability under the reservoir operation at Pondo and Lhasa gauging station. The Mann–Kendall Trend analysis reveals an increased precipitation and a decreased Lhasa River discharge trend upstream and downstream the reservoir. However, the discharge received at Lhasa gauging station is experiencing a greater decline revealed by Sen’s slope estimator. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) modelling of the Lhasa River discharge for both the hydrometric stations from 2008–2016 reveals better simulation results for Pondo hydrometric station in terms of R2, NSE and PBIAS values. The modelling results for Pondo station correspond comparatively well to the reservoir operation procedures including water level and inflow despite of data availability constraint. However, the importance of non-simulated processes (e.g., groundwater abstractions) to the accurate prediction of the Lhasa flow regime particularly at the downstream flow gauge is recommended. The study can prove beneficial for local water distribution measures in Lhasa River Basin.

scholarly journals On the contribution of groundwater storage to interannual streamflow anomalies in the Colorado River basin

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 13191-13230 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Rosenberg ◽  
E. A. Clark ◽  
A. C. Steinemann ◽  
D. P. Lettenmaier
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Colorado River Basin ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Groundwater Storage ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Streamflow Forecasts ◽  
Water Balances ◽  
Seasonal Streamflow

Abstract. We assess the significance of groundwater storage for seasonal streamflow forecasts by evaluating its contribution to interannual streamflow anomalies in the 29 tributary sub-basins of the Colorado River. Monthly and annual changes in total basin storage are simulated by two implementations of the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) macroscale hydrology model – the standard release of the model, and an alternate version that has been modified to include the SIMple Groundwater Model (SIMGM), which represents an unconfined aquifer underlying the soil column. These estimates are compared to those resulting from basin-scale water balances derived exclusively from observational data and changes in terrestrial water storage from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites. Changes in simulated groundwater storage are then compared to those derived via baseflow recession analysis for 72 reference-quality watersheds. Finally, estimates are statistically analyzed for relationships to interannual streamflow anomalies, and predictive capacities are compared across storage terms. We find that both model simulations result in similar estimates of total basin storage change, that these estimates compare favorably with those obtained from basin-scale water balances and GRACE data, and that baseflow recession analyses are consistent with simulated changes in groundwater storage. Statistical analyses reveal essentially no relationship between groundwater storage and interannual streamflow anomalies, suggesting that operational seasonal streamflow forecasts, which do not account for groundwater conditions implicitly or explicitly, are likely not detrimentally affected by this omission in the Colorado River basin.

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