scholarly journals Modeling Wave Overtopping on a Seawall with XBeach, IH2VOF, and Mase Formulas

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2526
Author(s):  
João Nuno C. Oliveira ◽  
Filipa S. B. F. Oliveira ◽  
Maria Graça Neves ◽  
María Clavero ◽  
António A. Trigo-Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Wave Overtopping ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Run Up

The advances in computational fluid dynamics have made numerical modeling a reliable complementary tool to the traditional physical modeling in the study of the wave overtopping phenomenon. This paper addresses overtopping on a seawall by combining the numerical models XBeach (non-hydrostatic and Surfbeat modes) and IH2VOF, and the Mase formulas. This work is structured in two phases: (i) phase I assesses the performance of numerical models and formulas in modeling wave run-up and overtopping on a seawall for a solid profile bottom and representative hydro-morphologic conditions of a study site in the Portuguese west coast; (ii) phase II investigates the effect of the profile bottom variation in the overtopping phenomenon for extreme maritime storm field conditions of the study site, considering a solid bottom and a varying sandy bottom. The results indicate that XBeach underestimates the wave energy, and the frequency and intensity of the overtopping occurrences predicted by IH2VOF; the numerical models’ run-up and overtopping discharge predictions are overestimated by the Mase formulas, in simplified and in storm field conditions; and the variation of the bottom morphology throughout the storm event greatly influences the XBeach predictions, while the Mase results are mostly influenced by the bottom roughness.

scholarly journals Numerical and physical modeling of water flow over the ogee weir of the new Niedów barrage

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Herrera-Granados ◽  
Stanisław W. Kostecki
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Steady Flow ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Low Head

Abstract In this paper, two- and three-dimensional numerical modeling is applied in order to simulate water flow behavior over the new Niedów barrage in South Poland. The draining capacity of one of the flood alleviation structures (ogee weir) for exploitation and catastrophic conditions was estimated. In addition, the output of the numerical models is compared with experimental data. The experiments demonstrated that the draining capacity of the barrage alleviation scheme is sufficiently designed for catastrophic scenarios if water is flowing under steady flow conditions. Nevertheless, the new cofferdam, which is part of the temporal reconstruction works, is affecting the draining capacity of the whole low-head barrage project.

scholarly journals Numerical and Physical Modelling of Wave Overtopping on a Smooth Impermeable Dike with Promenade under Strong Incident Waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 865
Author(s):  
Maria Graça Neves ◽  
Eric Didier ◽  
Moisés Brito ◽  
María Clavero
Keyword(s):  
Wave Breaking ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Physical Modelling ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Wave Overtopping ◽  
Mesh Free ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Turbulent Models ◽  
Incident Waves

This paper presents a study of run-up/overtopping over a smooth impermeable dike with promenade using 2D and 3D mesh-based and mesh-free numerical models and results from 2D physical modelling for strong energetic incident waves. These waves induce plunging wave breaking and a complex water/air mixture turbulent flow before overtopped the dike, a challenging configuration for numerical models. The analysis is structured in two phases: (i) evaluates the results of 2D numerical and physical models for run-up and overtopping; (ii) compares qualitatively the results of 3D numerical models for overtopping over a dike with promenade between groins located in front of a slope beach. The results indicate that the main differences obtained in run-up and overtopping are due to differences in wave generation and active absorption systems used in physical and numerical models and in turbulent models used by the numerical models. These differences lead to changes on incident wave height and on wave breaking and, consequently, on reflection, run-up and overtopping over the structure. For 3D simulation, even if larger discrepancies were found on overtopping along the dike, mean wave overtopping discharge and water flow height at the crest of the groin head show a similar order of magnitude.

scholarly journals Physical and Numerical Modeling of Landslide-Generated Tsunamis: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Romano
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Tsunami Generation ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Shed Light

Landslide-generated tsunamis represent a serious source of hazard for many coastal and lacustrine communities. The understanding of the complex physical phenomena that govern the tsunami generation, propagation and interaction with the coast is essential to reduce and mitigate the tsunamis risk. Experimental, analytical, and numerical models have been extensively used (both as separated tools and in conjunction) to shed light on these complicated natural events. In this work, a non-exhaustive update of the state of the art related to the physical and numerical modeling techniques of landslide-generated tsunamis, with a special focus on those studies published in the last ten years, is provided. As far as numerical models are concerned, a special attention is paid to the most recently developed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques, whose development and application have experienced a boost up the last decade.

Advanced Welding Manufacturing: A Brief Analysis and Review of Challenges and Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ming Zhang ◽  
Yu-Ping Yang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Suck-Joo Na
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Seam Tracking ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir

Abstract Welding is a major manufacturing process that joins two or more pieces of materials together through heating/mixing them followed by cooling/solidification. The goal of welding manufacturing is to join materials together to meet service requirements at lowest costs. Advanced welding manufacturing is to use scientific methods to realize this goal. This paper views advanced welding manufacturing as a three step approach: (1) pre-design that selects process and joint design based on available processes (properties, capabilities, and costs); (2) design that uses models to predict the result from a given set of welding parameters and minimizes a cost function for optimizing the welding parameters; and (3) real-time sensing and control that overcome the deviations of welding conditions from their nominal ones used in optimizing the welding parameters by adjusting the welding parameters based on such real-time sensing and feedback control. The paper analyzes how these three steps depend on process properties/capabilities, process innovations, predictive models, numerical models for fluid dynamics, numerical models for structures, real-time sensing, and dynamic control. The paper also identifies the challenges in obtaining ideal solutions and reviews/analyzes the existing efforts toward better solutions. Special attention and analysis have been given to (1) gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW) as benchmark processes for penetration and materials filling; (2) keyhole plasma arc welding (PAW), keyhole-tungsten inert gas (K-TIG), and keyhole laser welding as improved/capable penetrative processes; (3) friction stir welding (FSW) as a special penetrative low heat input process; (4) alternating current (AC) GMAW and double-electrode GMAW as improved materials filling processes; (5) efforts in numerical modeling for fluid dynamics; (6) efforts in numerical modeling for structures; (7) challenges and efforts in seam tracking and weld pool monitoring; (8) challenges and efforts in monitoring of keyhole laser welding and FSW; and (9) efforts in advanced sensing, data fusion/sensor fusion, and process control using machine learning/deep learning, model predictive control (MPC), and adaptive control.

scholarly journals CFD Modelling to Investigate Design of a Whaleback-Type Forecastle for Greenwater Protection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifen Chen ◽  
Xiantao Zhang ◽  
Paul H. Taylor ◽  
Scott Draper ◽  
Hugh Wolgamot
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Run Up

Abstract In extreme weather permanently moored FPSOs may be overtopped by large amounts of greenwater, resulting in damage to deck structures and downtime. Thus, the preliminary design process for FPSOs has often included structural protection to mitigate loads from greenwater on deck and ensure structural integrity of top side structures at the bow in harsh sea conditions. This paper numerically investigates greenwater at the bow of an FPSO fitted with a ‘whaleback’ or ‘duck-bill’ shaped forecastle that is represented as an angled extension to the freeboard. In this study, the whaleback forecastle is intended to completely deflect the greenwater flow off the forecastle head. Previously validated numerical models based on OpenFOAM, an open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package, are used. The (vertical) run-up height and the forces on the whaleback are analysed based on the CFD results to quantify the effectiveness of the design. It is found that the parameter tan β (FE/λp) that combines the coupled effect of the whaleback geometry and the incoming wave is important for determining the run-up height. The use of this parameter leads to a crude method for fast estimates of the effectiveness of such structures. Increase of the slope of the whaleback forecastle increases the run-up height, thus, increases the horizontal greenwater loading on such structure, however, the direct effect of the slope on the horizontal greenwater loading is found to be limited. An opposite trend is observed for the vertical greenwater loading in which the forecastle slope still plays a significant role even if the effect of run-up height is excluded, as a result of overtopping volume. Additionally, the vertical component of greenwater loading dominates the total greenwater loading on the whaleback forecastle.

scholarly journals Two-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of Flow in Physical Models of Rock Vane and Bendway Weir Configurations

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Drew C. Baird ◽  
Benjamin Abban ◽  
S. Michael Scurlock ◽  
Steven B. Abt ◽  
Christopher I. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Hydraulic Performance ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range

While there are a wide range of design recommendations for using rock vanes and bendway weirs as streambank protection measures, no comprehensive, standard approach is currently available for design engineers to evaluate their hydraulic performance before construction. This study investigates using 2D numerical modeling as an option for predicting the hydraulic performance of rock vane and bendway weir structure designs for streambank protection. We used the Sedimentation and River Hydraulics (SRH)-2D depth-averaged numerical model to simulate flows around rock vane and bendway weir installations that were previously examined as part of a physical model study and that had water surface elevation and velocity observations. Overall, SRH-2D predicted the same general flow patterns as the physical model, but over- and underpredicted the flow velocity in some areas. These over- and underpredictions could be primarily attributed to the assumption of negligible vertical velocities. Nonetheless, the point differences between the predicted and observed velocities generally ranged from 15 to 25%, with some exceptions. The results showed that 2D numerical models could provide adequate insight into the hydraulic performance of rock vanes and bendway weirs. Accordingly, design guidance and implications of the study results are presented for design engineers.

scholarly journals CFD Investigation of Trout-Like Configuration Holding Station near an Obstruction

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Kamran Fouladi ◽  
David J. Coughlin
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Underwater Vehicle ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Vehicle Systems

This report presents the development of a fluid-structure interaction model using commercial Computational fluid dynamics software and in-house developed User Defined Function to simulate the motion of a trout Department of Mechanical Engineering, Widener University holding station in a moving water stream. The oscillation model used in this study is based on the observations of trout swimming in a respirometry tank in a laboratory experiment. The numerical simulations showed results that are consistent with laboratory observations of a trout holding station in the tank without obstruction and trout entrained to the side of the cylindrical obstruction. This paper will be helpful in the development of numerical models for the hydrodynamic analysis of bioinspired unmanned underwater vehicle systems.

scholarly journals Process-Based Model Prediction of Coastal Dune Erosion through Parametric Calibration

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Hyeok Jin ◽  
Kideok Do ◽  
Sungwon Shin ◽  
Daniel Cox
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Wave Transformation ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Face Model ◽  
Dune Erosion ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Sand Bar

Coastal dunes are important morphological features for both ecosystems and coastal hazard mitigation. Because understanding and predicting dune erosion phenomena is very important, various numerical models have been developed to improve the accuracy. In the present study, a process-based model (XBeachX) was tested and calibrated to improve the accuracy of the simulation of dune erosion from a storm event by adjusting the coefficients in the model and comparing it with the large-scale experimental data. The breaker slope coefficient was calibrated to predict cross-shore wave transformation more accurately. To improve the prediction of the dune erosion profile, the coefficients related to skewness and asymmetry were adjusted. Moreover, the bermslope coefficient was calibrated to improve the simulation performance of the bermslope near the dune face. Model performance was assessed based on the model-data comparisons. The calibrated XBeachX successfully predicted wave transformation and dune erosion phenomena. In addition, the results obtained from other two similar experiments on dune erosion with the same calibrated set matched well with the observed wave and profile data. However, the prediction of underwater sand bar evolution remains a challenge.

Wave overtopping flow striking a human body on the crest of an impermeable sloped seawall. Part I: physical modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 103891
Author(s):  
Deping Cao ◽  
Jing Yuan ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Kuifeng Zhao ◽  
Philip Li-Fan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Wave Overtopping

Analysis of Pipe-Soil Interaction for a Miniature Pipejacking

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Shou ◽  
F. W. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Surface Subsidence ◽  
Finite Element Software

AbstractIn this study, physical and numerical models were used to analyze pipe-soil interaction during pipejacking work. After calibrating with the physical modeling results, the finite element software ABAQUS [1] was used to study the pipejacking related behavior, such as surface subsidence, failure mechanism, pipe-soil interaction, etc. The results show that the driving force in the tunnelling face is very important and critical for pipejacking. Surface subsidence is mainly due to the lack of driving force, however, excessive driving force could cause the unfavorable surface heaving problem. It also suggests that the depth of the pipe is critical to determine a proper driving force to stabilize the tunnelling face.

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