scholarly journals A Case Study on Settling Process in Inclined-Tube Gravity Sedimentation Tank for Drip Irrigation with the Yellow River Water

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyuan Wang ◽  
Yunkai Li ◽  
Shumei Ren ◽  
Peiling Yang
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Fine Sediment ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Sedimentation Tank ◽  
Inclined Tube ◽  
Gravity Sedimentation ◽  
Tank Bottom ◽  
Settling Process

A sedimentation tank which can remove fine sediment with low cost and high efficiency is of great significance for the wide application of drip irrigation techniques with the Yellow River water. In this study, the settling process of an inclined-tube gravity sedimentation tank which has high removal efficiency for fine particles in practice was thoroughly investigated. The sediment concentration distribution in the tank was measured by an optical back-scattering turbidimeter. The sediment thickness at the tank bottom was also measured. In addition, the size grading of sediment deposited at different positions on the tank bottom and at different heights in the inclined tubes was also measured by a laser particle size analyzer. It was found that the removal efficiency of fine sediment was 64.7–69.7% in the inclined-tube gravity sedimentation tank, which was higher than that of the sedimentation tank without inclined tubes (with a sediment removal rate of 20.7–32%). The sediment was mainly deposited in the flow adjustment area and settlement area with inclined tubes. A suitable height for the inclined tubes was 70–90 cm. In addition, the water inlet, baffle, and overflow weir in the tank negatively affected the fine sediment settling in two experiment cases. The experimental results enhance our understanding of the sedimentation characteristics in the tank, and indicate the direction for the subsequent structural optimization of the tank.

scholarly journals Study on Fluid Movement Characteristics inside the Emitter Flow Path of Drip Irrigation System Using the Yellow River Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1319
Author(s):  
Ji Feng ◽  
Weinan Wang ◽  
Haisheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
River Water ◽  
Turbulence Model ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Movement Characteristics

Vigorously developing efficient water-saving agricultural technologies using the Yellow River Water is an important way to achieve sustainable use of water resources. In order to clarify the fluid movement characteristics inside the flow path of the emitter under complicated water quality conditions in a drip irrigation system using the Yellow River Water, the optimal simulation turbulence model for the flow field in the flow path of the emitter was determined by comparing the macroscopic hydraulic characteristics with the microscopic fluid motion characteristics of the fluid in the emitter. On this basis, the two-phase flow model was used to calculate and analyze the characteristics of water flow movement and particle transport in the emitter. The results show that the RNG (Re- normalization group) k-ε turbulence model was the most suitable for the simulation of the flow field in the emitter, considering the macroscopic hydraulic performance and microscopic anti-clogging ability of the emitter synthetically, and both the comprehensive calculation accuracy and the calculation efficiency. The pressure showed a step-like uniform decrease along the direction of water flow. The fluid flow showed the regional movement characteristics of the mainstream and non-mainstream regions. The energy dissipation mainly occurred at the sudden change sites of the flow path structure. The particle phase velocity was slightly lower than that of the water phase. The velocity at the near-wall surface was relatively lower than that at the center, and the velocity distribution along the depth direction of the flow path was relatively uneven. The sediment was mainly deposited in the first half of the flow path. This study can provide a theoretical basis for solving the emitter clogging in the drip irrigation systems applying water from the Yellow River.

scholarly journals Study on the hydro-chemistry process after mixing between water and rocks

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Xiuyan Jing ◽  
Hongbin Yang ◽  
Na Wang
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract The chemical evolution of groundwater has received close attention from hydro-geologists. Northwest China largely consists of arid and semi-arid regions, where surface water and groundwater frequently exchange with each other, and where the mixing and water–rock interactions significantly affect the direction of water quality evolution. Based on experimental simulation, this paper investigates the interactions among the Yellow River water, groundwater and rocks in Yinchuan. The study found that when groundwater is mixed with the Yellow River water, the Yellow River water has a certain dilution effect on the hydro-chemical composition of groundwater; however, this effect is not simply diluted by proportion for no reaction between irons, but a portion of calcium, sulfur, and carbonate form precipitates. After mixing of the Yellow River water, groundwater and rocks, the pH increased, and the carbon dioxide system reached equilibrium again. In addition, CO32− was produced. While Na+ increase was mainly due to dissolution, SO42− decrease was because of precipitation. The precipitation or dissolution of Ca2+, Mg2+, and CO32− mainly depended on the mixing ratio between groundwater and river water, which suggested the reversible behavior of the dissolution-precipitation of carbonate minerals.

Writing the therapeutic waterscape: Bodies, memories, and nature in post-socialist Chinese texts

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-334
Author(s):  
Winnie LM Yee
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
River Water ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Alternative Mode ◽  
Urban Imaginary ◽  
Chinese Texts ◽  
Cultural Upheaval

This article takes an ecocritical approach that challenges the urban imaginary informing the notion of place and the identity of inhabitants in mainland China. It explores an alternative mode of imagination, symbolized by the flow and instability of water. The work of documentary filmmaker Dong Jun and renowned writer Su Tong can be seen as attempts to evaluate and revisit history and memories through a reconnection with water, whether it be the Yellow River in Dong Jun’s Flood or the river/water world in Su Tong’s The Boat to Redemption. Instead of commenting directly on the destruction of nature as a result of human development and cultural upheaval, both works use water as an indirect means to raise these issues.

Effect of Lateral Flushing on Emitter Clogging under Drip Irrigation with Yellow River Water and a Suitable Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Han ◽  
Yunkai Li ◽  
Feipeng Xu ◽  
Dongxuan Sun ◽  
Ji Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Suitable Method

scholarly journals Estimating Evapotranspiration of Processing Tomato under Plastic Mulch Using the SIMDualKc Model

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimeng Zhang ◽  
Guanhua Huang ◽  
Xu Xu ◽  
Yunwu Xiong ◽  
Quanzhong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Soil Evaporation ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Basin Irrigation

Accurate estimation of crop evapotranspiration (ET) is critical for agricultural water resource management and proper irrigation scheduling. The 2-year field experimental data of processing tomato under plastic-mulched drip and basin irrigation in the Hetao Irrigation District (Hetao), located in the upper reaches of the Yellow river, were used to calibrate and validate the SIMDualKc model. The model adopted the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) dual Kc method for partitioning ET into plant transpiration and soil evaporation. The results showed a good agreement between soil water observations and simulations throughout the growing seasons with a low error estimate and high model efficiency. The calibrated basal potential crop coefficients for the initial stage, mid-season stage, and late stage were 0.30, 0.92, and 0.60, respectively. ET during the two growing seasons was in the range of 284–331 mm for basin irrigation and 266–310 mm for drip irrigation. The average soil evaporation accounted for 5% of ET in 2015 and 14% of ET in 2016 for drip irrigation treatments, while it accounted for 4% and 13% of ET for basin irrigation treatments in the two experimental years, indicating that transpiration was the dominant component of ET of processing tomato under plastic mulch in Hetao. The highest water productivity was obtained from the drip irrigation treatment. The SIMDualKc model is an appropriate tool to estimate crop ET and may be further used to improve local irrigation scheduling for processing tomato in the upper reaches of the Yellow river.

Application of Numerical Simulation to Stir-Scour Sediment Dredging in the Yellow River Irrigation Areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4144-4149
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Xiu Hua Ren ◽  
Jian Yong Li ◽  
Shun Shun Qin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Sediment Dredging ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Settling Process

In order to tackle the existing problems of silt-removing, a new stir-scour dredging technology, especially applied in the Yellow River irrigation areas, is introduced in the paper. Furthermore, numerical simulation and hydromechanics is respectively utilized to study the mixing and settling process of river sediment and to analyze flow characteristics, silt-removing process in the design condition, which shows that the new stir-scour dredging technology is ideal and easy practice especially for the Yellow River.

scholarly journals Effects of Biochar Application and Irrigation Methods on Soil Temperature in Farmland

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Ding ◽  
Xiaoyu Gao ◽  
Zhongyi Qu ◽  
Yonglin Jia ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
River Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Soil temperature plays a vital role in determining crop yield. Excessive irrigation may result in low soil temperature and a waste of water resources. In this paper, field experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of irrigation methods and biochar application on soil temperature. The experiment included six treatments: (a) YB: biochar application in border irrigation with Yellow River water; (b) GB: biochar application in border irrigation with groundwater; (c) DB: biochar application in drip irrigation with groundwater; (d) Y(CK): border irrigation with Yellow River water; (e) G(CK): border irrigation with groundwater; (f) D(CK): drip irrigation with groundwater. The results are as follows: coupling drip irrigation and biochar, soil temperature increased by 1.20–3.87%. In the biochar application in border irrigation with Yellow River water and groundwater, soil temperature increased by 0.80–2.40% and 1.01–5.15%, respectively. Biochar is a medium for reducing the heat exchange of soil and atmosphere, as it hinders bi-directional heat movement. This mechanism was especially apparent at a 0–10 cm soil depth in the treatments of border irrigation using Yellow River water and groundwater. Biochar may help stabilize the fluctuation of soil temperature and improve the soil accumulated temperature. The effect of drip irrigation at 5–10 cm depth, border irrigation using the groundwater and the Yellow River water was great on soil temperatures above the 10 cm level but less on deep soil temperatures. After applying biochar to soil, the soil temperature was more sensitive to external temperature changes, such as air temperature and water temperature. Therefore, in the Hetao irrigation area, applying a proper amount of biochar to farmland soil was shown to improve the water and heat environment and improve the effectiveness of traditional border irrigation in synchronizing water and heat, especially under the drip irrigation condition. The results here suggest that using biochar under drip irrigation can promote growth and increase yield.

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