scholarly journals The Impact of Lake Water Quality on the Performance of Mature Artificial Recharge Ponds

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1991
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Kristofer Hägg ◽  
Kenneth M. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Cyanobacterial Biomass

Artificial groundwater recharge is commonly used for drinking water supply. The resulting water quality is highly dependent on the raw water quality. In many cases, pretreatment is required. Pretreatment improves the drinking water quality, although how and to what extent it affects the subsequent pond water quality and infiltration process, is still unknown. We evaluated two treatment systems by applying different pretreatment methods for raw water from a eutrophic and temperate lake. An artificial recharge pond was divided into two parts, where one received raw water, only filtered through a microscreen with 500 µm pores (control treatment), while the other part received pretreated lake water using chemical flocculation with polyaluminum chloride (PACl) combined with sand filtration, i.e., continuous contact filtration (contact filter treatment). Water quality factors such as cyanobacterial biomass, microcystin, as well as organic matter and nutrients were measured in both treatment processes. Microcystin condition was screened by an immunoassay and a few selected samples were examined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) which is a chemistry technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of liquid chromatography with the mass analysis capabilities of mass spectrometry. Results showed that cyanobacterial biomass and microcystin after the contact filter treatment were significantly different from the control treatment and also significantly different in the pond water. In addition, with contact filter treatment, total phosphorus (TP) and organic matter removal were significantly improved in the end water, TP was reduced by 96% (<20 µg/L) and the total organic carbon (TOC) was reduced by 66% instead of 55% (TOC content around 2.1 mg/L instead of 3.0 mg/L). This full-scale onsite experiment demonstrated effective pretreatment would benefit a more stable water quality system, with less variance and lower microcystin risk. From a broader drinking water management perspective, the presented method is promising for reducing cyanotoxin risk, as well as TP and TOC, which are all predicted to increase with global warming and extreme weather.

scholarly journals The Impact of Lake Water Quality on the Performance of Mature Artificial Recharge Ponds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Kristofer Hägg ◽  
Kenneth M. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Cyanobacterial Biomass

Artificial groundwater recharge is commonly used for drinking water supply. The resulting water quality is highly dependent on the raw water quality. In many cases, pre-treatment is required. Pre-treatment improves the drinking water quality, although how and to what extent it affects the subsequent pond water quality and infiltration process, is still unknown. We evaluated two treatment systems by applying different pre-treatment methods for raw water from a eutrophic and temperate lake. An artificial recharge pond was divided into two parts, where one received raw water, only filtered through a micro-screen with 500 &micro;m pores (control treatment), while the other part received pre-treated lake water using chemical flocculation with polyaluminium chloride (PACl) combined with sand filtration, i.e. continuous contact filtration (contact filter treatment). Water quality such as cyanobacterial biomass, microcystin-LR as well as organic matter and nutrients were measured in both treatment processes. We found cyanobacterial biomass and microcystin-LR level after the contact filter treatment was significantly different from the control treatment and also significantly different in the pond water. In addition, with contact filter treatment, total phosphorus (TP) and organic matter removal were significantly improved in the end water, TP was reduced by 96 % (&lt; 20 &micro;g/L) and the total organic carbon (TOC) was reduced by 66 % instead of 55 % (TOC content around 2.1 mg/L instead of 3.0 mg/L). This full-scale onsite experiment demonstrated effective pre-treatment would benefit a more stable water quality system, with less variance and lower cyanotoxin risk. In a broader drinking water management perspective, the presented method is promising to reduce cyanotoxin risk, as well as TP and TOC, which are all predicted to increase with global warming and extreme weather.

Suspended particles in the drinking water of two distribution systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gauthier ◽  
B. Barbeau ◽  
R. Millette ◽  
J.-C. Block ◽  
M. Prévost
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Remote Locations ◽  
Dissolved Matter

The concentrations of suspended particles were measured in the drinking water of two distribution systems, and the nature of these particles documented. The concentrations of particulate matter were invariably found to be small (maximum 350 μg/L). They are globally in the very low range in comparison with dissolved matter concentrations, which are measured in several hundreds of mg/L. Except during special water quality events, such as turnover of the raw water resource, results show that organic matter represents the most important fraction of suspended solids (from 40 to 76%) in treated and distributed water. Examination of the nature of the particles made it possible to develop several hypotheses about the type of particles penetrating Montreal's distribution system during the turnover period (algae skeleton, clays). These particles were found to have been transported throughout the distribution systems quite easily, and this could result in the accumulation of deposits if their surface charge were ever even slightly destabilised, or if the particles were to penetrate the laminar flow areas that are fairly typical of remote locations in distribution systems.

scholarly journals PERBAIKAN KUALITAS AIR BAKU PERUSAHAAN AIR MINUM (PAM) DENGAN BIOFILTRASI

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudi Nugroho ◽  
Nusa Idaman Said
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treated Water

A study to improve the raw water quality at Taman Kota Drinking Water Company was conducted by using pilot plant of biofiltration system. The pilot plant was run by pumpingthe raw water from river to the reactor continuously with various Hydraulic Retention Time. Samples of raw water and treated water were taken daily and analyzed for pH,Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Organic matter, Ammonia nitrogen and Detergent (MBAS). The results showed that performance of biofiltration system decreaed due to shortening Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT). The longer HRT caused bigger volume of biofiltration tank. Therefore, this study suggests that the optimum Hydraulics retention time is 1 hr. In this HRT, the treated water quality were 7.2 for pH, 40 mg/l for TSS, 10,7 mg/l for organic matter, 0.35 mg/l for ammonia nitrogen and 0.1 mg/l for MBAS. These resultscomply with the Regulation No. 582 year 1995 for raw drinking water quality (class B).

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kualitas Air Baku dari Sungai Surabaya dengan Proses Biofiltrasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
Nusa Idaman Said ◽  
Wahyu Widayat ◽  
Rudi Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time

ABSTRACTSurabaya River is a source of raw water for the needs of the community in Surabaya and its surrounding areas, including for industrial and the Surabaya water supply company. Along with the rapid growth of settlements and the development of the industrial sector, the Surabaya River pollution level has increased so that the quality of the water does not meet the quality standards required as raw water for drinking water. The most potential parameter that causes the level of pollution is organic pollutants. The concentration of some water quality parameters including organic pollutants in the Surabaya River has exceeded class I water quality standards based on Government Regulation (PP) No. 82 of 2001, namely for allotment of raw water for drinking water. The purpose of this study was to improve the raw water quality such as parameters of suspended solids (TSS), organic substances, detergents and manganese (Mn) through the application of biofilter technology. The study was conducted by operating a biofilter pilot plant consisting of a lamella-type settling tank and a biofilter reactor filled with wasp-type nesting media. The results showed that the biofilter process used can reduce the concentration of TSS, organic matter, detergents and Mn in raw water. In general, the longer the hydraulic residence time (HRT) in the biofilter pilot plant, the greater the efficiency of removing TSS, organic matter, and detergent in raw water. The experiments results at the conditions of the shortest total HRT of 81 minutes, including HRT of 36 minutes in the settling tank and HRT of 45 minutes in the biofilter reactor, could obtain TSS removal efficiency of 46.92%, 15.97% for organic matter, and 55% for detergent, where the concentration of these parameters meets the quality standards for drinking water.Keywords: biofiltration, HRT, drinking water, water qualityABSTRAKSungai Surabaya merupakan sumber air baku untuk kebutuhan masyarakat di wilayah Surabaya dan sekitarnya, termasuk untuk kebutuhan industri dan air baku PDAM kota Surabaya. Seiring pesatnya pertumbuhan pemukiman dan perkembangan sektor industri, mengakibatkan tingkat pencemaran Sungai Surabaya semakin tinggi sehingga kualitas airnya tidak memenuhi ketentuan baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan sebagai air baku air minum. Parameter yang paling potensial menyebabkan tingkat pencemaran tersebut adalah polutan organik. Konsentrasi beberapa parameter kualitas air termasuk polutan organik di sungai Surabaya telah melebihi baku mutu air kelas I berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) No 82 tahun 2001, yakni untuk peruntukan air baku air minum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan peningkatan kualitas air baku seperti parameter padatan tersuspensi (TSS), zat organik, deterjen dan mangan (Mn) melalui penerapan teknologi biofilter. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengoperasikan pilot plant biofilter yang terdiri dari bak pengendap tipe lamella dan reaktor biofilter yang diisi dengan media plastik tipe sarang tawon. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa proses biofilter yang digunakan dapat menurunkan konsentrasi TSS, zat organik, deterjen dan Mn di dalam air baku. Secara umum semakin lama waktu tinggal di dalam pilot plant biofilter, efisiensi penghilangan TSS, zat organik, dan deterjen di dalam air baku semakin besar. Hasil percobaan pada kondisi total waktu tinggal terpendek (total HRT) 81 menit, meliputi HRT di bak pengendap 36 menit dan HRT di reaktor biofilter 45 menit, didapatkan efisensi penghilangan TSS 46,92 %, zat organik 15,97 %, dan deterjen 55 %, dimana konsentrasi parameter-parameter tersebut memenuhi baku mutu untuk air minum.Kata kunci: biofiltrasi, HRT, air minum, kualitas air

scholarly journals The Impact of Lake Water Quality on the Performance of Mature Artificial Recharge Ponds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Kristofer Hägg ◽  
Kenneth M. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Artificial groundwater recharge is commonly used for drinking water supply although the resulting water quality is highly dependent on the raw water quality, and in many cases, pre-treatment is required. Such pre-treatment improves the drinking water quality, although how and to what extent pre-treatment affects the subsequent pond infiltration process is still unknown. Here we evaluate the impact of two different pre-treatment methods of water from a eutrophic, temperate lake. An artificial recharge pond was divided into two parts, where one received raw water from a lake only filtered through a 500 &micro;m pore size drum filter, while the other part received pre-treated lake water using chemical flocculation with polyaluminium chloride (PACl), combined with sand filtration (contact filtration). Changes in water quality were assessed at different stages in the two treatment processes. We show that contact filtration reduced phosphorus with 96 %. Moreover, the total organic carbon (TOC) reduction was improved from 55 % to 70 %, corresponding to an average reduction from 3.5 mg/L to 2.4 mg/L In addition, the pre- treatment in the artificial recharge pond reduced the cyanobacteria blooms and reduced the microcystin level. However, there were no sigificant differences in microcystin levels in the groundwater, i.e. the artifical recharge infiltration pond was effective for microcystin removal even without contact filtration. Hence, in a broader drinking water management perspective, the presented method is promising to reduce the levels of cyanobacterial toxins, as well as nutrients and TOC, which are all predicted to increase in a future climate change perspective.

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