scholarly journals Scaling up Microbial Fuel Cells for Treating Swine Wastewater

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Goto ◽  
Naoko Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Simultaneous Generation

Conventional aerobic treatment of swine wastewater, which generally contains 4500–8200 mg L−1 of organic matter, is energy-consuming. The aim of this study was to assess the application of scaled-up microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with different capacities (i.e., 1.5 L, 12 L, and 100 L) for removing organic matter from swine wastewater. The MFCs were single-chambered, consisting of an anode of microbially reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and an air-cathode of platinum-coated carbon cloth. The MFCs were polarized via an external resistance of 3–10 Ω for 40 days for the 1.5 L-MFC and 120 days for the 12L- and 100 L-MFC. The MFCs were operated in continuous flow mode (hydraulic retention time: 3–5 days). The 100 L-MFC achieved an average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 52%, which corresponded to a COD removal rate of 530 mg L−1 d−1. Moreover, the 100 L-MFC showed an average and maximum electricity generation of 0.6 and 2.2 Wh m−3, respectively. Our findings suggest that MFCs can effectively be used for swine wastewater treatment coupled with the simultaneous generation of electricity.

scholarly journals Bioelectricity production from tofu wastewater using microbial fuel cells with microalgae Spirulina sp as catholyte

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 08007
Author(s):  
Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi ◽  
Hadiyanto Hadiyanto ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
Muthi’ah Nur Fadlilah
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Salt Bridge ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Made In

Microalgae-Microbial Fuel Cells (MMFCs) are very popular to be used to treat organic waste. MMFCs can function as an energy-producing wastewater pre-treatment system. Wastewater can provide an adequate supply of nutrients, support the large capacity of biofuel production, and can be integrated with existing wastewater treatment infrastructure. The reduced content of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is one way to measure the efficiency of wastewater treatment. MMFCs reactors are made in the form of two chambers (anode and cathode) both of which are connected by a salt bridge. Tofu wastewater as an anode and Spirulina sp as a cathode. To improve MFCs performance which is to obtain maximum COD removal and electricity generation, nutrient NaHCO3 as the nutrient carbon source for Spirulina sp was varied. The system running phase on 12 days. The results were Spirulina sp treated with MFCs technology has better growth than non-MFCs. The MMFC generated a maximum power density of 21.728 mW/cm2 and achieved 57.37% COD removal. These results showed that the combined process was effective in treating tofu wastewater.

Effect of Contacting Air Surface of Cathode on Microbial Fuel Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 855-859
Author(s):  
Chin Tsan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Bacterial Oxidation ◽  
Positive Effect

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) produce electricity through the bacterial oxidation of organic matter contained in the sediment, but the power density is limited and needs to be improved. In this study, a new design of a fined-type cathode with carbon cloth embedded partly, as opposed to completely, in SMFCs were utilized. As a result, the design allowing the cathode to contact air will have a positive effect on the power performance and decrease the resistance of the inner system. The power density in the cases where the cathode was about half soaked was about two folds the case where it was soaked completely. Furthermore, SMFCs would also be seen as a driving force in hastening the COD removal because it was about 1.92-folds the COD removal of the cases where SMFCs where not present. These findings can be applied to sewage treatment and improving the power performance in SMFCs.

scholarly journals Effects of Modified Anodes on the Performance and Microbial Community of Microbial Fuel Cells Using Swine Wastewater

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3980
Author(s):  
Hongjun Ni ◽  
Kaixuan Wang ◽  
Shuaishuai Lv ◽  
Xingxing Wang ◽  
Jiaqiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Livestock Wastewater ◽  
Influence Mechanism ◽  
Anode Carbon ◽  
Optimization Mechanism

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have emerged as a sustainable technology for wastewater treatment that has potential to recycle bioelectricity from livestock wastewater. The performance of MFCs is influenced by the synergistic effect of anode material with nearby microorganisms. In this study, three identical double-chambered MFCs with different anode carbon clothes using swine wastewater are established. The optimization mechanism of MFC performance is analyzed by anode characteristics, cell performance, and microbial community, respectively. The results show that the surface structure and properties of the anode carbon cloth can be obviously improved by the acid–heat-modified treatment. The community structure of anodic biofilm, which varied with different modification methods, was mainly dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. These findings demonstrate efficient and simple methods for improving the performance of MFCs based on swine wastewater and may help to explore the influence mechanism of different modified anodes on the exoelectrogens.

scholarly journals Effect of Polypyrrole-Fe3O4 Composite Modified Anode and Its Electrodeposition Time on the Performance of Microbial Fuel Cells

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2461
Author(s):  
Liping Fan ◽  
Yaobin Xi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Carbon Felt ◽  
Electrodeposition Time ◽  
Steady State Current ◽  
Anode Modification

Anode modification is a useful method to increase the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By using the electrochemical deposition method, Fe3O4 and polypyrrole (PPy) were polymerized on a carbon felt anode to prepare Fe3O4-PPy composite modified anodes. In order to ascertain the effect of electrodeposition time on characteristics of the modified electrode, the preparation time of the modified electrode was adjusted. The modified anodes were used in MFCs, and their performances were evaluated by analyzing the electricity generation performance and sewage treatment capacity of MFCs. Experimental results indicated that the Fe3O4-PPy composite modified anodes could enhance the power production capacity and sewage treatment efficiency of MFC effectively. In particular, when the deposition time was 50 min, the modified anode could significantly improve the MFC performance. In this case, the steady-state current density of MFC increased by 59.5% in comparison with that of the MFC with an unmodified carbon felt anode, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate was 95.3% higher than that of the unmodified anode. Therefore, the Fe3O4-PPy composite is an effective material for electrode modification, and a good anode modification effect can be obtained by selecting the appropriate electrodeposition time.

scholarly journals Development of platinum supported on single-walled carbon nanotubes by deposition-precipitation for microbial fuel cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pusomjit ◽  
O. Chailapakul ◽  
H. Y. Ng ◽  
N. Thepsuparungsikul
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Single Walled Carbon ◽  
Solids Removal ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Abstract Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are an ecologically friendly technology that can recover electricity and simultaneously treat wastewater. Among all the influential factors, cathode material and catalyst play a crucial role in electricity production and oxygen reduction. In this study, Pt nanocatalysts deposited on single-walled carbon nanotubes (Pt/SWCNTs) were synthesized by the deposition-precipitation (DP) method under optimal conditions. The results show that DP might be a promising method for the preparation of Pt/SWCNTs due to its simple, cost-effective and time-saving procedure, in addition to being highly efficient at creating small Pt particles (0.9 nm) that were very uniformly distributed. The synthesized Pt/SWCNTs suspension was spray-coated on to carbon cloth and then used as a cathode for MFCs. The electricity generation of MFCs equipped with a Pt/SWCNTs cathode was evaluated in terms of open circuit voltage (0.6954 V), internal resistance (63.3 Ω•m2) and maximum power density (2,022 mW/m2). The chemical oxygen demand removal, biological oxygen demand removal, total dissolved solids removal, total suspended solids removal and silver recovery was satisfactory at 84.5%, 74.0%, 45.7%, 60.0% and 99.0%, respectively. Therefore, Pt/SWCNTs from the DP method was identified as a potential candidate to replace commercial Pt-carbon cloth for MFC cathodes.

Effect of pH and distance between electrodes on the performance of a sediment microbial fuel cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Sajana ◽  
M. M. Ghangrekar ◽  
A. Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Ph

The performance of three sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) was evaluated at different feed water pH and electrode spacing for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, total nitrogen (TN) removal, and power density; while offering in situ remediation of aquaculture pond water. SMFC-A was operated at the feed water pH of 6.5 and spacing between the electrodes of 100 cm. SMFC-B and SMFC-C were operated at feed water pHs of 8.5 and 6.5, respectively, and distance between electrodes of 50 cm. The anode and cathode were connected with concealed copper wire through an external load of 100 Ω. The average amount of total COD removal rate and TN removal rate, per unit area of cathode, were 1.72 ± 0.06 and 0.021 ± 0.007 g/m2 d in SMFC-A, 1.03 ± 0.08 and 0.024 ± 0.005 g/m2 d in SMFC-B, and 1.14 ± 0.01 and 0.017 ± 0.001 g/m2 d in SMFC-C, respectively. SMFC-A, operated with higher distance between electrodes, demonstrated better removal of organic matter and highest open circuit voltage of 0.903 V. SMFCs with less feed pH (6.5) gave higher COD removal and feed pH of 8.5 gave higher TN removal. SMFCs operated with lesser distance between electrodes gave higher power density.

The high enrichment of Geobacter by TiN nanoarray anode catalyst for efficient microbial fuel cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 7726-7735
Author(s):  
Da Liu ◽  
Weicheng Huang ◽  
Qinghuan Chang ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Ruiwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Dft Calculation ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
High Enrichment

TiN nanoarrays, in situ grown on carbon cloth gather 97.2% of the model exoelectrogen Geobacter, greatly enhancing the MFCs' performance. The experimental results and DFT calculation certify the importance of the micro–nano-hierarchical structure.

scholarly journals Synthesizing developments in the usage of solid organic matter in microbial fuel cells: a review

2021 ◽  
pp. 100140
Author(s):  
Shuyao Wang ◽  
Ademola Adekunle ◽  
Boris Tartakovsky ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells

Electricity generation through a photo sediment microbial fuel cell using algae at the cathode

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 3269-3277 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Neethu ◽  
M. M. Ghangrekar
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sediment Organic Matter ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Organic Matter Removal ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Abstract Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are bio-electrochemical devices generating electricity from redox gradients occurring across the sediment–water interface. Sediment microbial carbon-capture cell (SMCC), a modified SMFC, uses algae grown in the overlying water of sediment and is considered as a promising system for power generation along with algal cultivation. In this study, the performance of SMCC and SMFC was evaluated in terms of power generation, dissolved oxygen variations, sediment organic matter removal and algal growth. SMCC gave a maximum power density of 22.19 mW/m2, which was 3.65 times higher than the SMFC operated under similar conditions. Sediment organic matter removal efficiencies of 77.6 ± 2.1% and 61.0 ± 1.3% were obtained in SMCC and SMFC, respectively. With presence of algae at the cathode, a maximum chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen removal efficiencies of 63.3 ± 2.3% (8th day) and 81.6 ± 1.2% (10th day), respectively, were observed. The system appears to be favorable from a resources utilization perspective as it does not depend on external aeration or membranes and utilizes algae and organic matter present in sediment for power generation. Thus, SMCC has proven its applicability for installation in an existing oxidation pond for sediment remediation, algae growth, carbon conversion and power generation, simultaneously.

Characterization of New Nonstoichiometric Ferroelectric (Li0.95Cu0.15)Ta0.76Nb0.19O3 and Comparative Study With (Li0.95Cu0.15)Ta0.57Nb0.38O3 as Photocatalysts in Microbial Fuel Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Louki ◽  
N. Touach ◽  
A. Benzaouak ◽  
V. M. Ortiz-Martínez ◽  
M. J. Salar-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ferroelectric Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Visible

This work investigates the photocatalytic activity of new ferroelectric material with formula (Li0.95Cu0.15)Ta0.76Nb0.19O3 (LT76) in a single chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) and compares its performance with the similar photocatalyst (Li0.95Cu0.15)Ta0.57Nb0.38O3 (LT57). The photocatalysts LT76 and LT57 were synthesized by ceramic route under the same conditions, with the same starting materials. The ratio Ta/Nb was fixed at 4.0 and 1.5 for LT76 and LT57, respectively. These phases were characterized by different techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), particle size distribution (PSD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and ultraviolet (UV)–visible (Vis). The new photocatalyst LT76 presents specific surface area of 0.791 m2/g and Curie temperature of 1197 °C. The photocatalytic efficiency of this material is assessed in terms of wastewater treatment and electricity generation by power density and removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the presence of a light source. The values of maximum power density and COD removal were 19.77 mW/m3 and 93%, respectively, for LT76.

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