scholarly journals Bonds, Battles and Social Capital: Power and the Mediation of Water Insecurity in Peri-Urban Gurgaon, India

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Narain ◽  
Sumit Vij ◽  
Aman Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Resource Access ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Differential Access

This article describes the role of social capital and power as a significant underlying factor influencing water security in peri-urban Gurgaon. The article shows how differential access to social capital shapes differential access to water. In peri-urban contexts, communities that lack access to water mobilise their social capital to enhance their water security. We use the concepts of power and social capital to explain how the actors interact in peri-urban Gurgaon, paying attention to which social groups are powerful and how the powerless use social capital to adapt to changing resource access and usage. We conclude by drawing theoretical- and policy-relevant insights from the field.

Building the resilience of periurban communities to the impacts of climate change and urbanization

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
Vishal Narain
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Purpose This paper aims to describe how social capital is mobilized in the mediation of periurban water insecurity induced by urbanization and climate change. Investing in social capital through the process of creating mechanisms for civic engagement is an important means of building resilience of periurban communities. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on ethnographic and action research. The main sources of data were direct observation of water appropriation and access and semi-structured interviews. Convenience, snowball and theoretical sampling were used. Findings The residents of periurban Gurgaon have lost access to water on account of urbanization and climate change. In this context, they mobilize social relationships to collectively improve their access to water. Norms of cooperation and kinship play an important role in the mediation of water insecurity. Creating social capital by building platforms for civic engagement helped to improve their water security. Originality/value While there has been much interest in issues of periurban water insecurity, the role of social capital in the mediation of water insecurity has received scant attention. At the same time, while scholars have been interested in the role of social capital in adapting to the impacts of climate change, it has scarcely been studied in a periurban context. This paper seeks to bridge this research gap.

Social Capital as Network Capital: Looking at the Role of Social Networks among Not-For-Profits

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Prell
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Network Approach ◽  
Unique Context

Social capital's rise in popularity is a phenomenon many have noted (Kadushin, 2006; Warde and Tampubolon, 2002; Portes, 1998). Although the concept is a relatively old one, it is the works of Bourdieu (1986), Coleman (1988; 1990), and Putnam (1993, 2000) that often get credited for popularizing the concept. These three, while sharing a view that social networks are important for social groups and society, place differing levels of emphasis on the role of networks in building trust or the exchange of various types of resources. In this paper, I briefly revisit these three theorists, and the criticisms each have received, to provide background for discussing recent research on social capital from a social networks approach. The social network approach is then applied to my own case study looking at the relations among not-for-profits, and special attention is given to the unique context of not-for-profits, and how this context might elaborate or challenge current thoughts on social, aka ‘network’ capital. A final discussion is also given to some measurement problems with the network approach to social capital.

Role of Social Capital Formation in Entrepreneurship Development among the Underprivileged Class of Odisha

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiba C. Panda ◽  
Bharat Singh ◽  
Janmejoy Khuntia
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Policy Initiative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Micro Level

In this paper an attempt has been made to analyse such dimensions which support or otherwise impact the entrepreneurial environment that perpetuates prevalence of social capital leading to growth of entrepreneurship among the underprivileged class in an Indian State of Odisha. For example, various sources of owner’s capital, entrepreneurs affiliation to community groups, how existence of various forms of support system available for entrepreneurial orientation benefitted Govt.’s role vis-à-vis the social groups perception of existence of state support are discussed so as to derive the role and contribution of social capital for entrepreneurial orientation among the underprivileged class of Odisha particularly at the micro level. In a backward State like Odisha understanding of the existence of social conditions towards preference for entrepreneurship as an occupational choice would pave ways for policy initiative towards realization of widespread entrepreneurial engagement.

scholarly journals Water security in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro: contributions to the debate

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-120
Author(s):  
Bianca Borges Medeiros Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
Paraíba Do Sul River

Abstract This article aims to contribute to discussions on the management of water resources and the elements associated to water security. The discussion has focused on two main aspects, first, in the theoretical frame about discussions of water security and second, in the presentation of the elements which composes the current scenario of water management in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ), based in the discussions about the centrality for Rio de Janeiro's water supply focused in Paraíba do Sul river, and in the role of agencies and organisms associated to water management in this territory. Based in the researching about the water availability and quality in Rio de Janeiro and the mechanisms presents in this State, the elements presented in this article demonstrated a context of water insecurity in RMRJ.

scholarly journals Estrategias reproductivas y formación de capital social en contextos migratorios y periurbanos. Un análisis desde la perspectiva de Pierre Bourdieu / Reproductive strategies and social capital formation in migration and peri-urban contexts. An analysis from the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
José Álvaro Hernández Flores ◽  
Susana Rappo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Pierre Bourdieu ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Los Grupos

El presente artículo toma como referencia la noción de capital social, desarrollada por Pierre Bourdieu, para examinar el papel que desempeñan las prácticas sociales orientadas a la formación de capital social en la conformación de las estrategias reproductivas de los grupos domésticos que habitan en contextos migratorios y periurbanos. A partir de los estudios de caso expuestos se analizan las principales instancias de acumulación de capital social, sus principios de activación, y sus repercusiones sobre los ámbitos familiar y comunitario, así como los cambios acaecidos a partir de los procesos de conurbación y la intensificación del fenómeno migratorio.AbstractThis article draws on the notion of social capital, developed by Pierre Bourdieu, to examine the role of social practices designed to build social capital in shaping the reproductive strategies of domestic groups living in migration and peri-urban contexts.The case studies described are used to analyze the main forms of accumulating social capital, their principles of activation, and their impact on the family and community spheres, as well as changes that have taken place as a result of the conurbation process and the intensification of the migratory phenomenon.

scholarly journals Introduction: Peri-Urban Water Security in South Asia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Vishal Narain ◽  
Dik Roth
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Urban South ◽  
Access To Water

AbstractThis chapter sets the context for the analysis of water security in peri-urban South Asia. Urbanization has been a key demographic trend globally as well as in South Asia, in the recent past and increasingly also in the future. While cities are often seen as engines of economic growth and development, and are associated with economies of scale, efficiency and sustainability, much urban growth occurs through the appropriation and reallocation of land and water from their peripheries. This creates patterns of deprivation for resource-dependent peri-urban and rural communities, as well as increasingly severe environmental problems, such as the over-extraction of groundwater and water pollution. This chapter first introduces the various perspectives, themes and cases presented in the book chapters. It then discusses urbanization and the peri-urban more specifically, introducing two contrasting views — ecological modernization and political ecology — and introduces the concept of water security. Referring to the examples from the book, the chapter then gives an overview of some of its key themes: the role of material infrastructure; property transformations and the declining commons; socially differentiated access to water; intervening in the peri-urban; and the role of conflict and cooperation.

scholarly journals How is water security conceptualized and practiced for rural livelihoods in the global South? A systematic scoping review

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer H. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Global South ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Solution Strategies ◽  
Related Risk

Abstract In the global South, rural and resource-based livelihoods increasingly face water-related risks. The conceptualization and application of the water security concept in relation to rural livelihoods has not been reviewed in this context. To fill this gap, a systematic scoping review of refereed journal articles (2000–2019) was conducted to examine how water security is defined, driven, and addressed for rural livelihoods in the global South. Publications (n = 99) featured diverse methodologies and geographical contexts, and recognized simultaneous drivers of water insecurity and solution strategies for water security. Several shortcomings were evident. First, only 30.3% of publications defined the concept, mostly using frames of ‘adequate’, ‘sufficient’, and ‘acceptable’ water-related risks. Few definitions recognized the role of water security interventions in increasing capabilities and prosperity. Second, technical and managerial responses to proximate drivers of water-related risk – namely climate-related dynamics, water re-allocation, extraction, and mismanagement – outnumbered efforts to identify and transform the underlying social, economic, and political inequities that create and sustain water insecurity. Last, studies focused heavily on agriculture, while labour, transhumance pastoralism, and aquaculture were underrepresented. A research agenda that increases the synergies between the wider water security and rural livelihoods scholarship is advanced to address these shortcomings.

Homeownership and Social Trust in Neighbors

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Sociological Tradition ◽  
Neighborhood Income ◽  
Neighborhood Level

This paper investigates the role of homeownership in generating social trust among neighbors. Drawing on data from the 2006 Social Capital Community Survey, it tests whether homeownership contributes to the formation of social capital by strengthening the bonds of trust in local neighborhoods. Through a falsification strategy that compares trust in neighbors to trust in other social groups, the results confirm that homeowners are more trusting of their neighbors than renters, but are no more likely to trust strangers, shopkeepers, coworkers, or the police. While initial models reveal spillover effects into neighborhoods with high homeownership rates, further analyses suggest that median neighborhood income is the more salient predictor of neighborhood–level social trust. The findings contribute to a rich sociological tradition of neighborhood research by focusing on the role of homeownership in strengthening local communities.

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