scholarly journals How is water security conceptualized and practiced for rural livelihoods in the global South? A systematic scoping review

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer H. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Global South ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Solution Strategies ◽  
Related Risk

Abstract In the global South, rural and resource-based livelihoods increasingly face water-related risks. The conceptualization and application of the water security concept in relation to rural livelihoods has not been reviewed in this context. To fill this gap, a systematic scoping review of refereed journal articles (2000–2019) was conducted to examine how water security is defined, driven, and addressed for rural livelihoods in the global South. Publications (n = 99) featured diverse methodologies and geographical contexts, and recognized simultaneous drivers of water insecurity and solution strategies for water security. Several shortcomings were evident. First, only 30.3% of publications defined the concept, mostly using frames of ‘adequate’, ‘sufficient’, and ‘acceptable’ water-related risks. Few definitions recognized the role of water security interventions in increasing capabilities and prosperity. Second, technical and managerial responses to proximate drivers of water-related risk – namely climate-related dynamics, water re-allocation, extraction, and mismanagement – outnumbered efforts to identify and transform the underlying social, economic, and political inequities that create and sustain water insecurity. Last, studies focused heavily on agriculture, while labour, transhumance pastoralism, and aquaculture were underrepresented. A research agenda that increases the synergies between the wider water security and rural livelihoods scholarship is advanced to address these shortcomings.

scholarly journals Bonds, Battles and Social Capital: Power and the Mediation of Water Insecurity in Peri-Urban Gurgaon, India

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Narain ◽  
Sumit Vij ◽  
Aman Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Resource Access ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Differential Access

This article describes the role of social capital and power as a significant underlying factor influencing water security in peri-urban Gurgaon. The article shows how differential access to social capital shapes differential access to water. In peri-urban contexts, communities that lack access to water mobilise their social capital to enhance their water security. We use the concepts of power and social capital to explain how the actors interact in peri-urban Gurgaon, paying attention to which social groups are powerful and how the powerless use social capital to adapt to changing resource access and usage. We conclude by drawing theoretical- and policy-relevant insights from the field.

scholarly journals Infrastructure for water security: coping with risks in rural Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-489
Author(s):  
Leigh C. Hamlet ◽  
Mark Mwiti Kamui ◽  
Jessica Kaminsky
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Rural Kenya

Abstract Achieving universal access to sufficient water is becoming more challenging as climate change exacerbates water insecurity. Previous studies of water insecurity and climate-related hazards recommend understanding how people perceive and manage water-related risks. By uniquely combining protection motivation theory and photovoice, we explore water infrastructure's function in rural Kenyan households’ perception and mitigation of water-related risk. We find that infrastructure construction provides a sense of security, regardless of long-term management plans. During the dry season, built infrastructure's viability to mitigate risk is strained due to natural infrastructure's unreliability. In the context of limited built infrastructure, natural infrastructure, though unimproved, is necessary for water security. In the expected absence of large-scale infrastructure projects, for water authorities in rural Kenya, we recommend the construction of small-scale infrastructure to increase reliance upon rainwater harvesting and lessen the strain on other built infrastructure during the dry season. Coupling our method with an itemized scale can help explain discrepancies between actual insecurity and individuals’ responses to help water authorities predict interventions’ effectiveness and inform the division of responsibilities in policies intended to promote sustainable infrastructure management. We also recommend our method for assessing water infrastructure's role among households managing multiple climate-related risks to expand the resilience of the infrastructure.

scholarly journals Water security in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro: contributions to the debate

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-120
Author(s):  
Bianca Borges Medeiros Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
Paraíba Do Sul River

Abstract This article aims to contribute to discussions on the management of water resources and the elements associated to water security. The discussion has focused on two main aspects, first, in the theoretical frame about discussions of water security and second, in the presentation of the elements which composes the current scenario of water management in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ), based in the discussions about the centrality for Rio de Janeiro's water supply focused in Paraíba do Sul river, and in the role of agencies and organisms associated to water management in this territory. Based in the researching about the water availability and quality in Rio de Janeiro and the mechanisms presents in this State, the elements presented in this article demonstrated a context of water insecurity in RMRJ.

Building the resilience of periurban communities to the impacts of climate change and urbanization

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
Vishal Narain
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Purpose This paper aims to describe how social capital is mobilized in the mediation of periurban water insecurity induced by urbanization and climate change. Investing in social capital through the process of creating mechanisms for civic engagement is an important means of building resilience of periurban communities. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on ethnographic and action research. The main sources of data were direct observation of water appropriation and access and semi-structured interviews. Convenience, snowball and theoretical sampling were used. Findings The residents of periurban Gurgaon have lost access to water on account of urbanization and climate change. In this context, they mobilize social relationships to collectively improve their access to water. Norms of cooperation and kinship play an important role in the mediation of water insecurity. Creating social capital by building platforms for civic engagement helped to improve their water security. Originality/value While there has been much interest in issues of periurban water insecurity, the role of social capital in the mediation of water insecurity has received scant attention. At the same time, while scholars have been interested in the role of social capital in adapting to the impacts of climate change, it has scarcely been studied in a periurban context. This paper seeks to bridge this research gap.

scholarly journals Water security and rangeland sustainability: Transdisciplinary research insights from Namibian– German collaborations

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Luetkemeier ◽  
Meed Mbidzo ◽  
Stefan Liehr
Keyword(s):  
Water Security ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Global South ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Transdisciplinary Research ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Scientific Disciplines

The Global South is facing severe challenges in ensuring livelihood security due to climate change impacts, environmental degradation and population growth as well as changing lifestyles. These complex problems cannot be solely solved by single scientific disciplines – they require transdisciplinary research (TDR). Stakeholders from civil society, the corporate sector, government and science need to pool their knowledge to find solutions for sustainable transformations. In Namibia, we have been involved in TDR projects on water supply, and sanitation services as well as livestock management in rangeland systems. In this paper, we review two TDR projects that differ in multiple ways and hence allow us to carve out structural differences and critically discuss research outcomes, lessons learned and the challenge of North–South collaborations. Our review builds upon published and unpublished project documents as well as expert interviews with Namibian and German researchers who were involved in the projects. Our results show that TDR can be put into practice in different ways, depending on the research focus and the period available. The TDR phases of problem framing, inter- and transdisciplinary integration were implemented with different tools and foci points. We discuss the role of project length and funding conditions for project success and outcome generation. In addition, we critically consider the role of Namibian and German researchers in these international collaborations. The conclusions we draw touch upon the points of preparatory research funding, the equal acknowledgement of Global South contributions to joint research projects and the explicit handling of TDR components in project work.

Out of tune: Perceptions of, engagement with, and responses to mental health interventions by professional popular musicians—A scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562110194
Author(s):  
Amy Visser ◽  
Megan Lee ◽  
Timothy Barringham ◽  
Nasim Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Industry Peers

Professional popular musicians are at increased risk of psychological distress, substance use problems, and suicide, yet little evidence is available on effective psychotherapeutic practices to address these issues. This scoping review aims to understand how professional popular musicians perceive, engage with, and respond to mental health interventions. Four databases were searched, garnering a total of 310 articles. Of these, six met inclusion criteria. Four thematic categories were explored: (1) amenability of professional popular musicians to particular therapeutic approaches; (2) attribution of treatment outcomes to tailored approaches; (3) professional popular musicians’ perceived barriers to treatment; and (4) recommendations for treatment approaches. The scoping review supports the importance of considering the characteristics of professional popular musicians as a distinct group with unique well-being needs, challenges, and strengths. There is a clear preference for tailored, affordable, and accessible approaches that consider the uniquities of musicianship and the need to explore the role of nonclinical support, such as friends, family, and industry peers.

scholarly journals The Evolution of City-as-a-Platform: Smart Urban Development Governance with Collective Knowledge-Based Platform Urbanism

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Palmyra Repette ◽  
Jamile Sabatini-Marques ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Denilson Sell ◽  
Eduardo Costa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Since the advent of the second digital revolution, the exponential advancement of technology is shaping a world with new social, economic, political, technological, and legal circumstances. The consequential disruptions force governments and societies to seek ways for their cities to become more humane, ethical, inclusive, intelligent, and sustainable. In recent years, the concept of City-as-a-Platform was coined with the hope of providing an innovative approach for addressing the aforementioned disruptions. Today, this concept is rapidly gaining popularity, as more and more platform thinking applications become available to the city context—so-called platform urbanism. These platforms used for identifying and addressing various urbanization problems with the assistance of open data, participatory innovation opportunity, and collective knowledge. With these developments in mind, this study aims to tackle the question of “How can platform urbanism support local governance efforts in the development of smarter cities?” Through an integrative review of journal articles published during the last decade, the evolution of City-as-a-Platform was analyzed. The findings revealed the prospects and constraints for the realization of transformative and disruptive impacts on the government and society through the platform urbanism, along with disclosing the opportunities and challenges for smarter urban development governance with collective knowledge through platform urbanism.

The role of residential history in cancer research: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 113657
Author(s):  
S. Namin ◽  
Y. Zhou ◽  
J. Neuner ◽  
K. Beyer
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Residential History

scholarly journals Educating for the Environment: The Role of the Host Destination in Education Travel Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8351
Author(s):  
Brack W. Hale
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Global South ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Educational Travel ◽  
Local Partnerships

The benefits from educational travel programs (ETPs) for students have been well-documented in the literature, particularly for programs looking at sustainability and environmental issues. However, the impacts the ETPs have on the destinations that host them have been less frequently considered; most of these studies focus, understandably, on destinations in the Global South. This paper draws on a framework of sustainable educational travel to examine how ETPs affect their host destinations in two case study destinations, based on the author’s professional experience in these locations, interviews with host organizations that use the lens of the pandemic, and information from government databases. The findings highlight an awareness of the sustainability of the destination, the importance of good, local partnerships with organizations well-connected in their communities, and educational activities that can benefit both students and hosts. Nonetheless, we have a long way to go to understand the full impacts of ETPs on their host destinations and thus truly learn to avoid them.

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