scholarly journals Height–Area–Storage Functional Models for Evaporation-Loss Inclusion in Reservoir-Planning Analysis

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebayo Adeloye ◽  
Ibrahim Wuni ◽  
Quan Dau ◽  
B.-S. Soundharajan ◽  
K. Kasiviswanathan
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Reservoir Area ◽  
Evaporation Loss ◽  
Functional Models ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
S Model ◽  
Capacity Estimates ◽  
Reservoir Planning

Reservoir planning without the explicit accommodation of evaporation loss leads to errors in capacity estimates. However, whenever evaporation loss is considered, its quantification uses linear approximations of the intrinsically nonlinear height–area–storage (H–A–S) relationship to estimate the reservoir area, leading to bias in capacity estimates. In this work, biases resulting from using various H–A–S models are evaluated. These models include linear and nonlinear functions, either specifically developed for the case-study sites or available in the Global Reservoir and Dam (GRanD) database. All empirically derived approximations used data for two dams in India: the Bhakra on Sutlej River and the Pong on the Beas River, both tributaries of the Indus River. The results showed that linear H–A–S models underestimate the exposed surface area of the Pong reservoir by up to 11.19%; the bias at Bhakra was much less. The GRanD H–A–S model performed very poorly at both reservoirs, producing overprediction in exposed reservoir area of up to 100% and 415% at the Pong and Bhakra reservoirs, respectively. Analyses also showed that up to 29% increase in reservoir capacity is required to compensate for the effect of net evaporation loss at low demand levels. As demand increases, the required evaporation-correction capacity decreases in proportional terms and is indistinguishable for all H–A–S models. Finally, recommendations are made on using the results for evaporation adjustment at nongauged sites in the region.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ESV Change under Urban Expansion Based on Ecological Sensitivity: A Case Study of Three Gorges Reservoir Area in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8490
Author(s):  
Hongjie Peng ◽  
Lei Hua ◽  
Xuesong Zhang ◽  
Xuying Yuan ◽  
Jianhao Li
Keyword(s):  
Three Gorges Reservoir ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir Area ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Ecological Sensitivity ◽  
Reservoir Area ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Source Data

In recent years, ecosystem service values (ESV) have attracted much attention. However, studies that use ecological sensitivity methods as a basis for predicting future urban expansion and thus analyzing spatial-temporal change of ESV are scarce in the region. In this study, we used the CA-Markov model to predict the 2030 urban expansion under ecological sensitivity in the Three Gorges reservoir area based on multi-source data, estimations of ESV from 2000 to 2018 and predictions of ESV losses from 2018 to 2030. Research results: (i) In the concept of green development, the ecological sensitive zone has been identified in Three Gorges reservoir area; it accounts for about 35.86% of the study area. (ii) It is predicted that the 2030 urban land will reach 211,412.51 ha by overlaying the ecological sensitive zone. (iii) The total ESV of Three Gorges Reservoir area showed an increasing trend from 2000 to 2018 with growth values of about USD 3644.26 million, but the ESVs of 16 districts were decreasing, with Dadukou and Jiangbei having the highest reductions. (iv) New urban land increases by 80,026.02 ha from 2018 to 2030. The overall ESV losses are about USD 268.75 million. Jiulongpo, Banan and Shapingba had the highest ESV losses.

scholarly journals Territorial governance of managed retreat in Sweden: addressing challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnel Göransson ◽  
Lisa Van Well ◽  
David Bendz ◽  
Per Danielsson ◽  
Jim Hedfors
Keyword(s):  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Governance Framework ◽  
Case Study Site ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Flexible Planning ◽  
Barriers And Opportunities ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Inland Flooding

AbstractMany climate adaptation options currently being discussed in Sweden to meet the challenge of surging seas and inland flooding advocate holding the line through various hard and soft measures to stabilize the shoreline, while managed retreat is neither considered as feasible option nor has it been explicitly researched in Sweden. However, failure to consider future flooding from climate change in municipal planning may have dangerous and costly consequences when the water does come. We suggest that managed retreat practices are challenging in Sweden, not only due to public opinions but also because of a deficit of uptake of territorial knowledge by decision-makers and difficulties in realizing flexible planning options of the shoreline. A territorial governance framework was used as a heuristic to explore the challenges to managed retreat in four urban case studies (three municipalities and one county) representing different territorial, hydrological and oceanographic environments. This was done through a series of participatory stakeholder workshops. The analysis using a territorial governance framework based on dimensions of coordination, integration, mobilization, adaptation and realization presents variations in how managed retreat barriers and opportunities are perceived among case study sites, mainly due to the differing territorial or place-based challenges. The results also indicate common challenges regardless of the case study site, including coordination challenges and unclear responsibility, the need for integrated means of addressing goal conflicts and being able to adapt flexibly to existing regulations and plans. Yet rethinking how managed retreat could boost community resilience and help to implement long-term visions was seen as a way to deal with some of the territorial challenges.

scholarly journals High Resolution Landscape Change Analysis with CORONA KH-4B Imagery. A Case Study from Iron Gates Reservoir Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 200-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Mihai ◽  
Constantin Nistor ◽  
Liviu Toma ◽  
Ionuţ Săvulescu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Reservoir Area

scholarly journals Meta-regulation meets Deliberation: Situating the Governor within NHS Foundation Trust Hospitals

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (03) ◽  
pp. 595-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSS MILLAR ◽  
TIM FREEMAN ◽  
RUSSELL MANNION ◽  
HUW T. O. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
Hospital Governance ◽  
Regulatory Architecture ◽  
External Governance ◽  
Hospital Boards ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Governance Processes ◽  
Governance Arrangements

AbstractNHS Foundation Trust (FT) hospitals in England have complex internal governance arrangements. They may be considered to exhibit meta-regulatory characteristics to the extent that governors are able to promote deliberative values and steer internal governance processes towards wider regulatory goals. Yet, while recent studies of NHS FT hospital governance have explored FT governors and examined FT hospital boards to consider executive oversight, there is currently no detailed investigation of interactions between these two groups. Drawing on observational and interview data from four case-study sites, we trace interactions between the actors involved; explore their understandings of events; and consider the extent to which the proposed benefits of meta-regulation were realised in practice. Findings show that while governors provided both a conscience and contribution to internal and external governance arrangements, the meta-regulatory role was largely symbolic and limited to compliance and legitimation of executive actions. Thus while the meta-regulatory ‘architecture’ for governor involvement may be considered effective, the soft intelligence gleaned and operationalised may be obscured by ‘hard’ performance metrics which dominate resource-allocation processes and priority-setting. Governors were involved in practices that symbolised deliberative involvement but resulted in further opportunities for legitimising executive decisions.

scholarly journals Business Model Challenges for Cab Aggregators: A Case Study of Ola

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Singh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Business Model Innovation ◽  
Case Methodology ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
S Model ◽  
Rules Of The Game

This research discusses the business model challenges faced by cag aggregator platform models in developing countries. Technology-based platforms have been disrupting traditional businesses and rewriting the rules of the game. Ola cabs has been instrumental in shaping the Indian platform business landscape in a big way. Using case methodology the author analyses the situation and business model to present the salient features of Ola’s model. However, this paper also puts the spotlight on the inherent challenges in this model and warns the need for continuous business model innovation and service quality.

Exit Strategies: How Low-Performing High Schools Respond to High School Exit Examination Requirements

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Holme
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High Schools ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Exit Examination ◽  
Teachers College ◽  
High School Exit ◽  
Curriculum Instruction ◽  
Study Sites

Background Over the past several decades, a significant number of states have either adopted or increased high school exit examination requirements. Although these policies are intended to generate improvement in schools, little is known about how high schools are responding to exit testing pressures. Purpose This study examined how five low-performing high-poverty high schools responded to the pressures of Texas’ exit testing policy. The goal of this study was to understand how schools responded to the pressures of Texas’ exit testing system (in terms of curriculum, instruction, and supports for low-achieving students) and how educators reconciled those pressures with other accountability pressures that they faced. Research Design This study employed qualitative case study design. Five low-performing high schools were sampled within the state of Texas, each of which served large concentrations of at-risk students. A total of 105 interviews were conducted across the five case study sites over the course of 2 years (2008–2009). Conclusions This study found that the Texas exit testing policy created a misalignment between educator and student-level accountability, which had particularly negative consequences for struggling students. The findings of this study suggest a need for policy makers to reconsider the assumptions on which exit tests are based and to more closely consider the goal of exit testing systems in the context of, and in relation to, the larger systems of accountability in which they are embedded. Acknowledgments The research reported herein was supported by a grant from the Spencer Foundation. The author would like to thank the editors of Teachers College Record, as well as the anonymous reviewers, for their helpful feedback on the manuscript. The author would also like to thank Meredith Richards and Rebecca Cohen for their assistance with data collection for the project.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Leadership Competences of Female and Male Mexican Expatriates

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Erika Lourdes González Rosas ◽  
Martha Leticia Guevara Sanginés ◽  
Martin P. Pantoja Aguilar ◽  
Luz Adriana Sancén
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Single Male ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
S Model

The purpose of this study is to compare female and male leadership competences of Mexican expatriates in the USA, using a qualitative approach. A case study was conducted through a narrative analysis of the information. The study also revised the factors that contributed to the leadership competences of expatriates. The responses of a single female and a single male Mexican expatriates were collected through open responses using an electronic questionnaire. The research questions were: What are the leadership competences of Mexican expatriates? Which are the main differences between women’s and men’s leadership competences in Mexican expatriates? The comparison was made using Pablo Cardona´s model of competences. Since leadership competences are observable behaviors, a narrative analysis was conducted and some key differences were found between male and female leadership competences. For example, it appears that Mexican male expatriates tend to focus on leadership, receptiveness and informal features; while women focus on values, information and formal position. Common features were found between both interviewees concerning work and personal life related to time management competence. As future research, a quantitative analysis is required to corroborate these findings.

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