scholarly journals Use of Artificial Intelligence to Improve Resilience and Preparedness Against Adverse Flood Events

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Saravi ◽  
Roy Kalawsky ◽  
Demetrios Joannou ◽  
Monica Rivas Casado ◽  
Guangtao Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

The main focus of this paper is the novel use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in natural disaster, more specifically flooding, to improve flood resilience and preparedness. Different types of flood have varying consequences and are followed by a specific pattern. For example, a flash flood can be a result of snow or ice melt and can occur in specific geographic places and certain season. The motivation behind this research has been raised from the Building Resilience into Risk Management (BRIM) project, looking at resilience in water systems. This research uses the application of the state-of-the-art techniques i.e., AI, more specifically Machin Learning (ML) approaches on big data, collected from previous flood events to learn from the past to extract patterns and information and understand flood behaviours in order to improve resilience, prevent damage, and save lives. In this paper, various ML models have been developed and evaluated for classifying floods, i.e., flash flood, lakeshore flood, etc. using current information i.e., weather forecast in different locations. The analytical results show that the Random Forest technique provides the highest accuracy of classification, followed by J48 decision tree and Lazy methods. The classification results can lead to better decision-making on what measures can be taken for prevention and preparedness and thus improve flood resilience.

scholarly journals Finding the Perfect Match: Different Heavy-Duty Mobile Applications Call for Different Actuators

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
David Fassbender ◽  
Tatina Minav
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Applications ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Perfect Match ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Evaluation Algorithm ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Valve Control

For the longest time, valve-controlled, centralized hydraulic systems have been the state-of-the-art technology to actuate heavy-duty mobile machine (HDMM) implements. Due to the typically low energy efficiency of those systems, a high number of promising, more-efficient actuator concepts has been proposed by academia as well as industry over the last decades as potential replacements for valve control—e.g., independent metering, displacement control, different types of electro-hydraulic actuators (EHAs), electro-mechanic actuators, or hydraulic transformers. This paper takes a closer look on specific HDMM applications for these actuator concepts to figure out where which novel concept can be a better alternative to conventional actuator concepts, and where novel concepts might fail to improve. For this purpose, a novel evaluation algorithm for actuator–HDMM matches is developed based on problem aspects that can indicate an unsuitable actuator–HDMM match. To demonstrate the functionality of the match evaluation algorithm, four actuator concepts and four HDMM types are analyzed and rated in order to form 16 potential actuator–HDMM matches that can be evaluated by the novel algorithm. The four actuator concepts comprise a conventional valve-controlled concept and three different types of EHAs. The HDMM types are excavator, wheel loader, backhoe, and telehandler. Finally, the evaluation of the 16 matches results in 16 mismatch values, of which the lowest indicates the “perfect match”. Low mismatch values could be found in general for EHAs in combination with most HDMMs but also for a valve-controlled actuator concept in combination with a backhoe. Furthermore, an analysis of the concept limitations with suggestions for improvement is included.

scholarly journals Machine Learning Based Behavioral Modification

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S2) ◽  
pp. 1134-1138
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Behavioral Modification ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology

To build up a particular profile about a person, the study of examining the comportment is known as Behavior analysis. Initially the Behavior analysis is used in psychology and for suggesting and developing different types the application content for user then it developed in information technology. To make the applications for user's personal needs it becoming a new trends with the use of artificial intelligence (AI). in many applications like innovation to do everything from anticipating buy practices to altering a home's indoor regulator to the inhabitant's optimal temperature for a specific time of day use machine learning and artificial intelligence technology. The technique that is use to advance the rule proficiency that rely upon the past experience is known as machine learning. By utilizing the insights hypothesis it makes the numerical model, and its real work is to infer from the models gave. To take the information clearly from the data the methodology utilizes computational techniques.

scholarly journals Flood reconstruction using botanical evidence in Rapentosa catchment, in Marathon, Greece.

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Diakakis
Keyword(s):  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Instrumental Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increment Borer ◽  
Water Stage ◽  
Flood Analysis

Botanical evidence has been used in the past  for flash flood analysis, especially when instrumental data were scarce. This work focuses on the use of such evidence as a tool to study flash flood phenomena in Rapentosa torrent, in Marathon, Greece. To this aim, impact scars induced during past flood events    on trees along the torrent  , were  considered water stage indicators and were used   to determine discharge magnitude of these flow episodes. Samples extracted from the scarred specimens with the aid  of an increment borer, were used to date these impacts wounds. 1-D h y-draulic  modeling  was  used  to  provide  a  reconstruction  of  the  highest-discharge event, while results were cross-examined with    historical damages to verify the out-come of the analysis. Analysis showed a total of 22 impact wounds along the torrent indicating discharge values between 17.1 m3/s and 84.9 m3/s during past flow episodes. Three flash flood events were identified in 1996, 1998 and 2001. Hydraulic modeling of the 2001 event, which presented the highest flow values, illustrated its extent    and water depth across    the  flood  plain, presenting good correlation with the available documentary evidence.

scholarly journals The journey of Claire in the works of Gaito Gazdanov: the analysis of the female image of Claire in the novels “An Evening with Claire”, “Hannah”, and “The Fate of Salome”

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Ziwei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Character Type ◽  
Female Image ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Inner World ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Gradual Transformation

  This article is dedicated to the analysis of the female image of Claire and its variant in the works of Gaito Gazdanov. This character type in the works of G. Gazdanov often resembles the past in the present, i.e. an important part of the “lost world” for the protagonist. However, deliberate examination allows following the gradual transformation of the authors attitude towards the character of Claire throughout his creative path. In the novel “Ab Evening with Clair”, the author adheres to priority of that past world over the present, while in the novel of his later period “The Fate of Salome”, the narrator tends to release from the shadow of the past. The underlying cause for such change lies in the transition of the writer from the romantic theurgical worldview towards phenomenal. In the later period, Gazdanov reconsidered the real world and justified the earthly existence due to the fact that submerging into the own inner world can entail loneliness and dissolution “Self” in one’s mind. The goal of this research consists in tracing the transformation of the role of Claire in the works of Gaito Gazdanov, as well as in description of different types of relations between the protatonist and the heroine in order to prove the evolution of the writer's reasoning on the problem of “two-worldness”. The relevance of this article consists in explication of the type of Claire in Gazdanov’s artistic system of “two-worldness” as a literary technique, as well as from the new perspective of studying the evolution the writer’s worldview.  

Hydrating Hyderabad: Rapid urbanisation, water scarcity and the difficulties and possibilities of human flourishing

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1553-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diganta Das ◽  
Tracey Skelton
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Transition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
The City

The city of Hyderabad plays a significant role in urban transition processes at play in India. Cyberabad, a section of the city of Hyderabad, developed through the rapid urbanisation of rural villages and land, becoming a high-tech, state of the art, globally connected enclave. On weekday mornings in the neighbourhood of Madhapur, smartly dressed HITEC City workers, with ID tags, emerge from hostel accommodation and walk alongside large, black buffalo being herded into rundown dairies. This paradoxical use of space is replicated in the urban fabric of Cyberabad and surrounding Madhapur. Cheek-by-jowl urbanisation has created two very different types of urban locale: Cyberabad – air-conditioned, gardened, watered – a space of hydration and flourishing; and Madhapur – hot, dusty and desiccated – a space of dryness and water struggles. This paper explores whether aspects of urban flourishing and resilience are possible in the newly formed Telangana state and its capital, Hyderabad, through an examination of the past, present and future of the city’s water.

scholarly journals FIM FRAME: a method for assessing and improving emergency plans for floods

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1731-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Lumbroso ◽  
M. Di Mauro ◽  
A. F. Tagg ◽  
F. Vinet ◽  
K. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Planning ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Emergency Plans ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Severe Flood ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Frame Method ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. Over the past decade Europe has been hit by a number of severe flood events. Reviews of recent large flood events in England and France have indicated that there is room for improvement in the emergency planning for floods. Methods that can be used for the systematic assessment and improvement of emergency plans are extensively documented in readily available literature. However, those that do exist are often limited to appraising the content of the plans rather than the process that the plan should guide. This paper describes research to develop a systematic method for assessing and improving emergency plans, which is called the FIM FRAME method. The development of the method was informed by research carried out with stakeholders in France, the Netherlands and England, as well as an appraisal of available tools that can be used to develop and improve plans, and an analysis of a selection of flood emergency plans from the three countries. One of the fundamental requirements of the FIM FRAME method was that it should be able to be applied by the relevant stakeholders to a range of emergency plans that mainly focus on flooding. The method comprises a series of steps (known as Appraise, Tackle and Implement) that can assist stakeholders with assessing and improving emergency plans. The method was piloted in the three countries and then refined following feedback from end users. This paper describes the development of the FIM FRAME method and its application in three case studies affected by different types of floods.

Report from the 2nd Int. Workshop on Education through Advanced Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (EASEAI '20)

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Benoît Vanderose ◽  
Julie Henry ◽  
Benoît Frénay ◽  
Xavier Devroey
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Software Engineering Education ◽  
Current State ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
Software Engineering Tools

In the past years, with the development and widespread of digi- tal technologies, everyday life has been profoundly transformed. The general public, as well as specialized audiences, have to face an ever-increasing amount of knowledge and learn new abilities. The EASEAI workshop series addresses that challenge by look- ing at software engineering, education, and arti cial intelligence research elds to explore how they can be combined. Speci cally, this workshop brings together researchers, teachers, and practi- tioners who use advanced software engineering tools and arti cial intelligence techniques in the education eld and through a trans- generational and transdisciplinary range of students to discuss the current state of the art and practices, and establish new future directions. More information at https://easeai.github.io.

scholarly journals Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Updated Review of the Literature and State of the Art

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Boškoski ◽  
Beatrice Orlandini ◽  
Luigi Giovanni Papparella ◽  
Maria Valeria Matteo ◽  
Martina De Siena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

Abstract Purpose of Review Gastrointestinal endoscopy includes a wide range of procedures that has dramatically evolved over the past decades. Robotic endoscopy and artificial intelligence are expanding the horizons of traditional techniques and will play a key role in clinical practice in the near future. Understanding the main available devices and procedures is a key unmet need. This review aims to assess the current and future applications of the most recently developed endoscopy robots. Recent Findings Even though a few devices have gained approval for clinical application, the majority of robotic and artificial intelligence systems are yet to become an integral part of the current endoscopic instrumentarium. Some of the innovative endoscopic devices and artificial intelligence systems are dedicated to complex procedures such as endoscopic submucosal dissection, whereas others aim to improve diagnostic techniques such as colonoscopy. Summary A review on flexible endoscopic robotics and artificial intelligence systems is presented here, showing the m3ost recently approved and experimental devices and artificial intelligence systems for diagnosis and robotic endoscopy.

scholarly journals A State-of-the-Art Survey of Tasks for Tree Design and Evaluation with a Curated Task Dataset

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditeya Pandey ◽  
Uzma Haque Syeda ◽  
Chaitya Shah ◽  
John Alexis Guerra Gomez ◽  
Michelle Borkin
Keyword(s):  
Information Visualization ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Knowledge Repositories ◽  
Visual Encoding ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Tree Visualization

In the field of information visualization, the concept of ``tasks'' is an essential component of theories and methodologies for how a visualization researcher or a practitioner understands what tasks a user needs to perform and how to approach the creation of a new design. In this paper, we focus on the collection of tasks for tree visualizations, a common visual encoding in many domains ranging from biology to computer science to geography. In spite of their commonality, no prior efforts exist to collect and abstractly define tree visualization tasks. We present a literature review of tree visualization papers and generate a curated dataset of over 200 tasks. To enable effective task abstraction for trees, we also contribute a novel extension of the Multi-Level Task Typology to include more specificity to support tree-specific tasks as well as a systematic procedure to conduct task abstractions for tree visualizations. All tasks in the dataset were abstracted with the novel typology extension and analyzed to gain a better understanding of the state of tree visualizations. These abstracted tasks can benefit visualization researchers and practitioners as they design evaluation studies or compare their analytical tasks with ones previously studied in the literature to make informed decisions about their design. We also reflect on our novel methodology and advocate more broadly for the creation of task-based knowledge repositories for different types of visualizations. The Supplemental Material will be maintained on OSF:~\url{https://osf.io/u5ehs/

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in dentistry: Concepts, Applications and Research Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 01074
Author(s):  
Achsha Babu ◽  
J. Andrew Onesimu ◽  
K. Martin Sagayam
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Human Essence ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Practise ◽  
To Come ◽  
Applications Of Ai

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the ability to process huge datasets, disclose human essence computationally, and perform like humans as technology advances. Because of the necessity for precise diagnosis and improved patient care, AI technology has greatly influenced the healthcare industry. In the domains of dentistry and medicine, artificial intelligence has yet to come a long way. As a result, dentists must be aware of the potential implications for a profitable clinical practise in the future. In this paper, we present the current applications of AI in dentistry. The different types of AI techniques are introduced and summarized. The state-of-the-art literature is studied analysed. A comparative analysis on the different AI techniques in dentistry is presented. Further, the research challenges in the field of dentistry and future directions are also provided.

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